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OF  ILLINOIS 
LIBRARY 


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SPECIAL  TROLLEY  MAP 
of  MASSACHUSETTS 


INCLUDING 


BAND  M9NALL X  §  C? 

PUBLISHERS 


CHICAGO 


NEW  YORK 


Hosiers 


TRADE  MARK 


cc 


Merode 

( Hand-Finished ) 


II 


Underwear . 

These  two  brands  are 
known  by  more  people  than  all 
others  advertised.  No  trav¬ 
eler  that  values  comfort  can 
afford  to  be  without  them. 
Quality  is  represented  at  its 
best  in  every  grade  and  price. 
Sold  by  leading  dealers  every¬ 
where. 


By  common  consent  superiority  is  conceded  in 
Fabric  Quality  and  Wear  to  these  two  well 
advertised  honest  brands.  Ask  the  leading 
dealer  wherever  you  may  be  or  write  us  for 
catalogue. 


Wholesale  Distributors 


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New  York 


'  A 


HOTEL  ROANOKE 

ROANOKE,  VA. 

Elevated  location  from  which  a  beautiful  view  can  be  had  of  the  Mountains  in 
every  direction.  The  Hotel  which  is  of  Queen  Anne  style  of  architecture,  is  situated 
in  the  center  of  a  park  of  10  acres,  beautifully  laid  out  with  broad  well  kept  walks 
and  driveways;  fountains  always  playing;  flower  beds,  shade  trees  and  hedges.  The 
house  is  modern  with  every  appliance  for  the  guests’  comfort.  For  terms,  etc., 
address  FRED  E.  FOSTER,  Proprietor 


THE  LYNNHAVEN 

NORFOLK,  VA. 


Norfolk’s  Latest  and  Handsomest 
Fire-Proof  Hotel 


EUROPEAN  PLAN 


1 00  Rooms  with  Hot  and  Cold 
Water 

One  Person  .  $1.00  per  Day  and  Upward 
Two  Persons  $2.00  per  Day  and  Upward 

100  Rooms  with  Private  Bath 

One  Person  .  $2.00  per  Day  and  Upward 
Two  Persons  $3.00  per  Day  and  Upward 


R  A  THSKELLER 
O  R  C  H  E  S  T  R  A 


R .  A.  DODSON 


Manager 


CONTENTS. 


I — An  Introduction  to  Boston,  . 

II— I  n  and  Around  Boston,  ...... 

III —  The  City’s  Parks  and  Squares,  . 

IV —  Old  Landmarks,  ....... 

V — Theaters  and  Other  Amusements,  . 

VI — Educational  Institutions,  Libraries,  etc.,  . 

VII — Churches  and  Religious  and  Benevolent  Work,  . 

VIII — Clubs,  Societies,  and  Military  Organizations, 

IX — A  Tour  of  the  City,  . . 

X — Boston  Harbor  and  Seaside  Resorts, 


Page  7 
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70 
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RAND,  McNALLY  &  CO.’S 

HANDY  GUIDE 

TO 

BOSTON 

AND  ENVIRONS 


WITH  MAPS  AND  ILLUSTRATIONS 
Chicago  and  New  York: 

RAND,  McNALLY  &  CO.,  PUBLISHERS 

1910 


Copyright,  1895,  by  Rand,  McNally  &  Co. 
Copyright,  1910  by  Rand,  McNally  &  Co. 


474449 


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TWENTIETH  Cl 


Charlestown,  Bunker  Hill  Monument  and  Navy  Yard 


JRY  BOSTON. 


North  End 


Copyright  1907  by  W.  T.  Littig,  N.  Y. 


(5) 


TREMONT  STREET  —  Looking  toward  Park  Street 


AN  INTRODUCTION  TO  BOSTON. 


Boston,  the  beautiful  Puritan  city,  has  many  gateways  through 
which  the  pilgrims,  upon  whatever  errand  bent,  may  enter  her 
goodly  precincts.  And  she  has  much  to  offer,  to  all  who  will  come  to 
tier,  in  the  way  of  historic  relics,  treasures  of  literature  and  art,  and 
facilities  for  study  or  business.  Her  older  streets  may  be  winding 
md  narrow,  but  they  are  picturesque  and  full  of  suggestions  of  that 
past  in  which  all  Americans  have  an  interest,  and  of  which  they  have 
i  right  to  be  proud.  Many  of  these  quaint  old  thoroughfares  lead  to 
shrines  which,  as  long  as  they  exist,  will  attract  tourists  and  will  help 
o  keeP  alive  feelings  of  patriotism  and  loyalty.  There  is  no  city  in 
:he  world  where  the  spirit  of  hospitality  is  boundless,  or  where 
ill  that  pertains  to  the  comfort  of  the  guest  is  more  accessible. 

A  feeling  of  uncertainty  and  dread  is  apt  to  possess  the  mind  of 
)ne  who  is  entering  a  strange  city,  and  the  friendly  words  of  direc- 
:ion  and  caution  given  in  this  chapter  are  intended  to  remove,  as  far 
is  may  be  possible,  the  embarrassment  and  discomfort  which  are 
latural  to  inexperienced  travelers.  There  are  two  principal  railway 
Nations  in  Boston  and  many  landing  places  for  passengers  from 
rans- Atlantic  and  coastwise  steamers. 

Railway  Stations. 

The  New  York  Central  &  Hudson  River  Railroad,  lessee  of  the 
Boston  &  Albany  Railroad,  makes  use  of  the  South  Station,  the  point 
)f  departure  for  through  trains  for  the  West.  It  also  has  stations 
it  Trinity  Place  for  out-going  and  at  Huntington  Avenue  for  in- 
:oming  trains. 

The  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad  System  uses  the  North  Station  on 
Causeway  Street,  between  Nashua  and  Haverhill  streets.  This 

(7) 


8 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


system  comprises  practically  the  principal  lines  of  Central,  Eastern, 
and  Northern  New  England,  connecting  Boston  and  Rotterdam 
Junction,  N.  Y.,  Troy,  Sherbrooke,  Springfield,  Portland,  the  White 
Mountains,  and  Canada. 

The  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  Railroad  occupies  the 
South  Station. 

The  Boston,  Revere  Beach  &  Lynn  Railroad  has  its  ferry 
station  at  350  Atlantic  Avenue,  foot  of  High  Street. 

Remarks  on  tlie  Various  Railway  Stations. 

Much  of  the  traveler’s  comfort  depends  upon  the  railway  stations 
with  which  he  has  to  do  in  making  a  journey.  Those  of  Boston  will 
compare  favorably  with  the  stations  of  other  great  cities  of  the 
United  States.  The  waiting-rooms  are  spacious  and  comfortably 
furnished;  the  toilet-rooms  and  barber  shops  are  neat  and  orderly, 
and  the  attendants  are  obliging  and  civil  when  giving  information. 
In  each  one  of  the  stations  will  be  found  lunch  rooms  or  counters,  as 
well  as  restaurants,  where  well-cooked  meals,  at  reasonable  prices, 
may  be  had  at  any  hour  of  the  day. 

Telegraph  and  telephone  offices,  news-stands,  flower  and  fruit 
stands,  and  information  bureaus  are  also  located  in  all  stations. 

Ladies  arriving  alone  in  Boston  will  always  find  a  matron  in 
charge  of  the  waiting-room  who  will  answer  questions  and  give  infor- 
mation  and  suggestions  which  it  will  be  quite  safe  to  follow. 

The  South  Station ,  or  “  South  Terminal,”  is  on  Dewey  Square  at 
the  intersection  of  Atlantic  Avenue,  Summer  and  Federal  streets, 
and  is  jointly  occupied  by  the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford 
and  the  New  York  Central  Railroad.  Companies.  Here  arrive  all 
passengers  from  New  York  and  the  South  or  West  except  those 
coming  over  the  Hoosac  Tunnel  Route  or  through  Canada. 

This  magnificent  station,  opened  Jan.  1,  1899,  is  tffe  largest  rail¬ 
way  terminal  in  the  world,  exceeding  the  St.  Louis  Union  Depot  by 
about  ten  per  cent  of  capacity  and  size.  It  is  an  imposing  structure 
of  pink  Connecticut  granite,  six  stories  in  height,  the  upper  floors 


MAIN  ENTRANCE,  UNION  STATION. 


10 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


accommodating  the  business  offices  of  the  various  railway  companies 
interested.  It  is  the  property  of  the  Boston  Terminal  Company, 
which  uses  thirty-five  acres  of  very  valuable  ground,  the  buildings 
alone  covering  about  thirteen  acres.  The  cost  of  land  and  buildings 
was  $15,000,000.  It  was  necessary  to  drive  43,000  spruce  piles,  and 
to  use  in  the  structure,  besides  cut  stone  enough  to  cover  a  front  3,300 
feet  in  length,  and  to  appear  elsewhere,  about  16,500,000  bricks, 
30,000,000  pounds  of  steel,  5,000,000  feet  of  lumber,  150,000  square 
feet  of  wire-glass,  10  acres  of  gravel  roofing,  and  other  materials  in 
equally  vast  amounts.  The  broad  corner  entrance  admits  the  trav¬ 
eler  to  the  Midway — an  open  space  between  the  waiting  rooms  and 
train-shed  large  enough  for  the  maneuvering  of  a  regiment. 
Immense  and  comfortable  waiting  rooms,  baggage  rooms,  ticket 
offices,  restaurants,  a  covered  carriage  stand,  etc.,  open  off  from  this, 
with  the  most  complete  modern  appliances  of  all  sorts.  The  train- 
shed,  outside  of  this,  is  a  space  600  feet  square,  spanned  by  a  steel 
and  glass  roof  supported  upon  three  arches  of  steel  trusses,  the 
middle  one  of  228  feet  span.  This  shed  contains  28  tracks  side  by 
side,  and  can  accommodate  at  once  344  sixty-five  foot  passenger  cars, 
able  to  seat  28,000  persons.  Over  700  trains  regularly  use  the 
station  on  week  days.  In  addition  to  this  main  floor  there  is  a 
basement  or  subway  floor,  intended  ultimately  for  electrical  subur¬ 
ban  traffic,  where  four  tracks  are  laid  in  loops,  so  that  trains  can 
follow  one  another  with  great  rapidity,  enabling  crowds  to  be  handled 
with  greater  celerity  than  anywhere  else  in  the  country.  The  vast 
yard  beyond  the  station  terminates  at  the  Fort  Point  Channel,  which 
is  crossed  upon  the  greatest  steel  roll-lift  bridge  in  the  world. 

The  North  Station ,  on  Causeway  Street,  between  Nashua  and 
Haverhill  streets,  is  almost  the  equal  in  size  and  magnificence  of  the 
South  Terminal.  It  is  occupied  by  the  Boston  &  Maine  system  of 
railroad,  and  hither  come  all  passengers  from  the  North  and  many 
from  the  West.  The  grand  entrance  is  under  the  largest  arch,  but 
one,  in  the  country.  The  main  waiting  room  will  seat  several  hun¬ 
dred  people,  and  the  marble  toilet  rooms  and  special  waiting  rooms 
will  all  meet  with  approval.  The  hack  stand  at  this  station  is  100 
feet  square,  and  is  under  the  station  roof,  a  fact  which  will  be  appre¬ 
ciated  by  travelers  in  stormy  weather. 

Sound  Steamers  for  New  York. 

People  journeying  between  Boston  and  New  York  will  often  find 
it  pleasant  and  convenient  to  patronize  one  of  the  lines  of  Sound 
steamers.  The  advantages  which  these  boats  offer,  especially  in 
warm  weather,  are  freedom  from  the  heat  and  dust  of  the  railway, 
and  a  clean,  luxurious  stateroom,  insuring  a  good  night’s  rest. 


TERMINAL  STATION. 


an 


12 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


The  boats  of  the  Fall  River  and  Providence  lines  especially  are 
floating  palaces,  wherein  one  may  enjoy  all  the  comforts  of  a  first- 
class  hotel  and  reach  his  destination  in  the  morning  ready  for  a  day 
of  business  or  pleasure.  The  trains  bringing  passengers  from  all* 
the  Sound  lines  arrive  at  the  South  and  Back  Bay  Stations. 

Steamship  Landings. 

Trans- Atlantic  Steamships. — 

Allan  Line. — (Glasgow).  Mystic  Wharf,  Charlestown.  Offices, 
no  State  Street. 

Cnnard  Line. — (Liverpool).  Cunard  Docks,  Grand  Junction 
Wharves,  East  Boston.  Office,  126  State  Street. 

Warren  Line. — (Liverpool).  Hoosac  Tunnel  Dock,  Charlestown. 
Warren  &  Co.,  agents,  125  Milk  Street. 

Ley  land  Line. — (Liverpool).  Grand  Junction  Dock,  East  Boston. 
Office,  84  State  Street. 

Furness  Line. — (London).  Hoosac  Tunnel  Dock,  Charlestown. 
Furness,  Withy  &  Co.,  88  Water  Street. 

White  Star  Line. — (Liverpool  and  Mediterranean  ports).  Hoosac 
Tunnel  Docks,  Charlestown.  Office,  84  State  Street. 

Coastwise  and  River  Steamers. — 

For  Bangor. — Eastern  Steamship  Company,  370  Atlantic  Avenue. 

For  Gloucester . — Boston  &  Gloucester  Steamship  Company,  370 
Atlantic  A  venue. 

For  Philadelphia. — Boston  &  Philadelphia  Steamship  Company, 
Central  Wharf. 

For  Halifax  and  Prince  Edward  Island. — Canada  Atlantic  & 
Plant  Line,  Commercial  Wharf. 

For  Provincetown. — Cape  Cod  Steamship  Company,  400  Atlantic 
Avenue. 

For  Yarmouth ,  N.  S. — Dominion  Atlantic  Line,  Long  Wharf. 

For  St.  John ,  N.  B. — Eastern  Steamship  Company,  Union  Wharf. 

For  Kennebec  River  Points. — Bath,  Richmond,  Hallowell,  Gardi¬ 
ner  and  Augusta,  Eastern  Steamship  Company,  Union  Wharf. 

For  Norfolk ,  Newport  News ,  Baltimore  a7id  Philadelphia 

Merchants  &  Miners  Transportation  Company,  Battery  Wharf. 

For  New  York _ Metropolitan  Line,  India  Wharf,  operating  the 

famous  turbine  steamers  “Harvard”  and  “Yale.” 

For  Nantasket _ Nantasket  Beach  Steamboat  Company,  Rowe’s 

Wharf.  (Summer  season  only). 


AN  INTRODUCTION  TO  BOSTON 


13 


For  Savannah _ Ocean  Steamship  Company,  20  Atlantic  Avenue. 

For  Portland. — Eastern  Steamship  Company,  Union  Wharf. 

For  Jamaica  and  Costa  Rica _ United  Fruit  Company,  Long 

Wharf. 

The  daily  papers  will  give  full  information  regarding  the  many 
summer  excursion  steamers,  which  leave  at  almost  any  hour  of  the 
day,  during  the  season,  for  the  various  beach  resorts. 

Street  cars  and  the  elevated  pass  all  railroad  stations,  and  are  to 
be  found  at  or  near  every  steamboat  wharf  so  that  one  can  always 
be  sure  of  cheap  transportation  from  the  place  of  arrival  to  the  point 
of  destination,  or  from  one  station  or  landing-place  to  another. 

Baggage  Transfers  and  Delivery. 

On  all  the  principal  inward-bound  trains,  and  at  the  wharves  of 
incoming  steamboats,  there  is  a  uniformed  agent  of  the  Armstrong 
Transfer  Company.  This  official  will  take  orders  for  the  transfer  of 
baggage  to  or  from  any  point  in  the  city,  and  passengers,  on  giving 
him  their  railroad  baggage  checks,  will  receive  in  return  the  com¬ 
pany’s  “claim  checks,”  which  will  give  the  owner  security  for  his 
baggage,  and  these  checks  are  to  be  surrendered  only  on  receipt  of 
the  baggage  at  the  specified  destination. 

This  company  also  owns  and  operates  aline  of  coupes,  carriages, 
and  taxicabs  for  the  conveyance  of  passengers  between  stations, 
or  to  and  from  any  part  of  the  city,  or  for  shopping  or  calling  tours. 
The  charge  for  delivering  a  trunk  to  any  point  wfithin  the  city  limits 
is  25  cents.  The  lowest  charge  for  carriage  hire  for  one  person  is 
50  cents,  which  includes  transportation  for  one  trunk,  to  be  taken  on 
the  carriage.  It  is  well  to  bear  in  mind,  however,  that  the  driver  of 
the  carriage  is  not  allowed  to  carry  the  trunk  beyond  the  entrance 
hall  of  a  private  residence,  and  that  if  the  trunk  is  to  be  carried  up¬ 
stairs  it  will  be  better  to  send  it  by  the  baggage  delivery. 

Outgoing  Baggage. — An  order  should  be  left  at  the  company’s 
office,  corner  of  Albany  and  Troy  streets,  or  at  any  of  the  branch 
offices,  at  least  two  hours  before  the  departure  of  train.  They  may 
be  summoned  by  telephone  from  any  part  of  the  city  to  call  at  any 
hotel  or  dwelling  for  passengers  or  baggage,  and  the  message  is  im¬ 
mediately  transferred  to  the  branch  office  nearest  the  place  from 
which  the  order  comes,  and  a  carriage  or  baggage  van  is  dispatched 


14 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


to  the  place  of  call.  The  owner  of  baggage  forwarded  to  a  station  or 
steamboat  landing  is  given  the  company’s  claim  check  on  the  baggage- 
room  of  the  station  or  landing,  by  which  his  property  is  at  once  iden¬ 
tified  for  checking. 

This  company  will  also  check  baggage  through  to  destination, 
from  a  hotel  or  residence,  if  the  parties  desiring  it  have  their  railroad 
tickets.  It  has  offices  in  all  railroad  stations,  in  all  the  principal 
hotels,  and  in  different  parts  of  the  city. 

Caution. — Never  give  up  your  checks  to  any  but  a  uniformed  train 
solicitor,  or  a  regular  office  agent,  or  porter  of  either  the  transporta¬ 
tion  company  which  holds  the  baggage,  or  of  the  express  company  to 
which  you  intend  to  intrust  it,  and  always  take  a  receipt;  and  never 
give  up  your  checks,  if  you  claim  your  baggage  yourself,  to  any  per¬ 
son  except  the  uniformed  baggageman  of  the  railway  or  steamboat 
line  by  which  you  have  traveled.  If  you  expect  to  meet  or  visit 
friends  in  the  city  who  are  residents,  the  best  way,  probably,  is  to 
keep  your  checks  and  let  your  friends  manage  the  delivery  of  the 
baggage  for  you. 

Getting  About  the  City. 

If  one  has  but  a  short  time  to  stop  in  the  city,  and  desires  to  cover 
as  much  ground  as  possible  in  that  time,  it  will  be  wise  to  engage  a 
cab  or  taxicab  by  the  hour  (on  cab  rates)  and  drive  from  point  to 
point;  but  if  several  days  can  be  devoted  to  “doing”  the  city  such 
expense  will  be  unnecessary.  For  the  excellent  taxicab  service 
there  is  a  special  scale  of  rates. 

Hacks  and  Cabs. —  The  hackney-carriage  and  cab  system  of  the 
city  is  under  the  control  of  an  official  connected  with  the  police  de¬ 
partment,  the  rates  of  fare  being  established  by  the  city  authorities, 
and  varying  according  to  the  distance.  Disputes  about  fares  are 
unnecessary,  as  the  drivers  are  required  to  display  a  rate  sheet  when 
asked,  and  rates  are  published  in  detail  in  the  city  directory.  The 
fare  for  an  adult  for  short  distances,  within  specified  limits  in  the  city 
proper,  is  50  cents;  no  charge  is  to  be  made  for  one  trunk,  but  25  cents 
is  charged  for  each  additional  trunk. 

Cabs  furnish  a  cheap  and  brisk  means  of  getting  about  the  city. 
The  charge  is  but  25  cents  for  transporting  one  person  from  any  rail¬ 
road  station  to  a  hotel,  or  from  one  railroad  station  to  another.  For 
one  or  more  passengers  from  one  point  to  another,  within  specified 
limits,  the  fare  is  25  cents  each. 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


15 


Boston’s  Rapid  Transit  Service. 

No  city  in  the  world  has  a  better  street  car  service  than  Boston, 
and  nowhere  can  one  enjoy  a  longer  ride  for  a  five-cent  fare.  Like¬ 
wise,  there  is  no  city  where  a  more  liberal  system  of  transfers  prevails. 

Boston’s  rapid  transit  system  is  made  up  of  surface,  elevated, 
tunnel  and  subway  service,  splendidly  coordinated.  There  is  no 
difficulty  in  getting  expeditiously  transported  from  one  part  of  Great¬ 
er  Boston  to  another,  and  usually  at  a  cost  of  not  more  than  a 
single  fare. 

As  a  result  of  the  recent  completion  of  the  new  Washington 
Street  tunnel  and  the  extension  of  the  Elevated  structure  to  Forest 
Hills,  important  changes  in  the  city’s  rapid  transit  service  have 
taken  place. 

The  new  tunnel  runs  under  Washington  Street,  one  of  the  city’s 
principal  arteries,  through  the  more  congested  section  of  the  business 
district.  It -is  6100  feet  long  and  41  feet  deep  at  its  greatest  depth 
below  the  street  surface,  and  runs  from  Bennet  street  on  the  south 
to  Hay  market  Square  on  the  north. 

All  elevated  trains  that  formerly  ran  through  the  old  Subway 
under  the  Common  are  now  run  through  the  Washington  Street 
tunnel,  and  the  running  time  between  the  Forest  Hills  and  Sullivan 
Square  terminals,  a  total  length  of  about  7  1-2  miles,  is  about  25 
minutes.  The  various  stations,  going  north  from  Forest  Hills,  are: 
Egleston  Square,  Dudley  Street,  Northampton  Street,  Dover  Street 
on  the  elevated  structure;  Essex,  Summer,  State  and  Union  in  the 
tunnel;  North  Station  (Boston  &  Maine  Railroad),  City  Square, 
Thompson  Square  and  Sullivan  Square,  on  the  elevated. 

Going  south,  the  stations  are:  Sullivan  Square,  Thompson 
Square,  City  Square  and  North  Station  on  the  elevated;  Friend, 
Milk,  Winter  and  Boylston  in  the  tunnel,  and  Dover  Street,  North¬ 
hampton  Street,  Dudley  Street,  Egleston  Square  and  Forest  Hills 
on  the  elevated.  In  the  naming  of  the  tunnel  stations,  the  “Street” 
has  been  omitted. 

The  new  tunnel  is  one  of  the  finest  of  its  kind  in  the  world,  as 
well  as  the  most  costly  to  operate,  and,  including  new  equipment 
made  necessary  by  its  construction,  represents  an  investment  on  the 
part  of  the  City  of  Boston  and  the  Boston  Elevated  Railway  jointly 
of  approximately  $10,000,000.  Its  commodious  stations  are  finished 
in  beautiful  white  tiling,  and  one  of  them  is  equipped  with  escal¬ 
ators.  News-stands  and  public  telephone  booths  also  have  been 
installed.  The  tunnel  service  will  be  found  especially  convenient 
by  visitors  who  desire  to  reach  the  shopping  district. 


16 


AN  INTR  OD  UCTION  TO  B  OS  TON 


In  addition  to  the  through  elevated-tunnel  service  there  is  also  a 
through  all-elevated  service  via  Atlantic  Avenue,  passing  the  South 
Station  (New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  and  New  York  Central- 
Boston  &  Albany  Railroads),  the  ferries  and  the  wharves  of  the 
principal  coastwise  steamship  lines.  This  line  offers  an  excellent 
opportunity  to  view  an  interesting  part  of  Boston’s  harbor  front,  in¬ 
cluding  the  picturesque  headquarters  of  the  fishing  fleet  at  T 
Wharf.  The  stations  on  the  Atlantic  Avenue  section,  running  from 
south  to  north,  are:  Beach  Street,  South  Station,  Rowe’s  Wharf, 
State  Street  and  Battery  Street. 

There  is  also  a  special  Atlantic  Avenue  “shuttle  train”  service 
between  the  North  Station  and  Beach  Street,  and  taking  in  Battery 
Street,  State  Street,  Rowe’s  wharf  and  South  Station. 

The  old  subway  under  the  Common  is  now  used  wholly  by  sur¬ 
face  cars.  In  addition  to  those  formerly  using  it  and  having  their 
terminus  at  Park  Street,  Tremont  Street  cars  from  Jamaica  Plain, 
Brookline  and  Lenox  Street;  Shawmut  Avenue  cars  from  Bartlett 
Street,  and  Columbus  Avenue  cars  from  Franklin  Park,  Forest 
Hills  and  Lenox  Street  now  enter  the  subway  at  Pleasant  Street 
and  run  to  the  North  Station,  returning  by  the  same  route. 

A  Columbus  Avenue  line  also  runs  to  Rowe’s  Wharf,  via  Eliot, 
Washington  and  Summer  Streets  and  Atlantic  Avenue.  A  portion 
of  the  Spring  Hill  cars  run  into  the  subway  at  the  North  Station 
and  go  around  the  Scollay  Square  loop.  A  Roxbury-Crossing,  East 
Boston  ferry  line  runs  via  Tremont,  Dover  and  Washington  Streets, 
and  performs  all  of  the  Hanover  Street  service.  Ashmont  Street 
via  Meeting  House  Hill  cars  go  to  Franklin  Street  only.  A  line 
from  the  Dudley  Street  Station  runs  to  Franklin  Street  via  Wash¬ 
ington  Street.  A  line  from  City  Point,  South  Boston,  is  run  via 
Summer  and  Washington  Streets  to  Adams  Square,  returning  by 
the  same  route.  Cars  from  Winter  Hill,  Sullivan  Square  and 
Bunker  Hill  run  through  the  subway. 

Passengers  coming  from  the  West  side  of  the  central  section  of 
the  city  and  wishing  to  reach  the  South  Station  or  the  wharves  should 
go  to  North  Station  either  by  subway  surface  cars  or  tunnel  ele¬ 
vated  train  and  transfer  at  that  point  to  a  shuttle  train. 


The  elevated  structure  will  eventually  be  extended  from  the 
North  Station  to  East  Cambridge,  via  Lowell  Street,  and  it  is  also 
proposed  to  extend  the  subway  system  from  Park  Street  to  the 
West  Boston  Bridge,  under  Beacon  Hill,  in  a  nearly  straight  line, 
giving  another  outlet  to  and  from  Cambridge. 


AN  INTRODUCTION  TO  BOSTON. 


17 


Boston  Elevated  System. 

From  Forest  Hills  terminal  (Roxbury)  to  Sullivan  Square  termi¬ 
nal  (Charlestown). 

The  elevated  structure  commences  at  Forest  Hills  Square,  and 
the  main  line  runs  through  Washington  Street,  crossing  over  the 
tracks  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  R.  R.  and  the  New 
York  Central  R.  R.,  down  into  the  Washington  Street  Tunnel; 
elevated  trains  pass  through  the  tunnel,  coming  out  near  Hay  market 
Square,  and  up  an  incline  to  the  elevated  structure,  passing  over 
the  new  Charlestown  Bridge,  through  Main  Street  to  Sullivan  Square 
terminal  (Charlestown),  where  convenient  transfers  are  made  to  the 
surface  cars  running  to  Everett,  Malden,  Medford,  Somerville,  and 
Arlington,  and  numerous  points  beyond.  Similar  transfers  are  made 
at  the  Dudley  Street  Station  (Roxbury)  to  Brookline,  Jamaica  Plain, 
Dorchester,  Milton,  Mattapan,  Neponset,  Meeting  House  Hill,  Grove 
Hall,  and  Mount  Pleasant  cars  and  points  beyond. 

The  transfer  system  is  perfect;  one  fare  to  or  from  an>  surface 
or  elevated  train  to  destination. 

Street-Car  Routes. 

By  referring  to  the  street-car  routes,  it  will  be  seen  that  it  is  pos¬ 
sible  to  visit  all  points  of  interest  in  Boston  and  the  suburban  districts 
without  discomfort  or  great  expense.  The  spacious  open  cars  used 
in  the  summer,  the  comfortable  and  equally  roomy  closed  cars  used 
in  the  winter  and  stormy  seasons,  and  the  large  semi-convertible  cars 
run  on  some  of  the  surface  lines,  afford  a  safe  and  pleasant  means  of 
transit.  Nearly  all  the  street-car  routes  have  their  points  of  attrac¬ 
tion,  and  it  would  be  impossible  to  give  them  all  in  a  work  of  this 
kind.  But  in  the  following  list  an  effort  has  been  made  to  point  out 
the  way  to  those  localities  which  are  recognized  as  especially  inter¬ 
esting  and  important: 

A  Few  Attractive  Routes. — 

Dorchester  via  Grove  Hall. — Car  marked  “Dorchester”  or  “Mil- 
ton  via  Washington  Street,”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  Park  Street 
subway  or  at  Dudley  Street  elevated  station. 

Dorchester  via  Meeting  House  Hill . — Car  marked  “Meeting 
House  Hill”  and  “Dorchester”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  corner  of 
Franklin  and  Washington  streets  or  at  Dudley  Street  station. 


1 8 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


Franklin  Park. — Car  marked  “Mattapan”  and  “Franklin  Park” 
on  signs.  Take  car  at  North  and  South  Stations  or  at  any  Subway 
Station. 

Bunker  Hill. — earmarked  “Sullivan  Square  via  Bunker  Hill” 
on  signs.  This  car  may  be  taken  at  any  Subway  Station. 

Chestnut  Hill ,  Brookline _ Car  marked  “Brookline  via  Ipswich 

Street”  and  “Chestnut  Hill”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  Park  Street, 
Subway  Station.  Back  Bay  Fens  and  Brookline  Park  are  on  this 
route. 

Jamaica  Plain _ Car  marked  “Jamaica  Plain”  on  signs.  Take 

car  at  any  Subway  Station  or  Dudley  Street  Station.  This  car 
passes  near  Jamaicaway  and  Arnold  Arboretum. 

Davis  Square ,  West  Somerville.— Car  marked  “Davis  Square” 
or  “Clarendon  Hill”  via  “Highland  Avenue”  on  signs.  Take  ele¬ 
vated  train  to  Sullivan  Square  terminal. 

Magoun  Square ,  Somerville. — Car  marked  “Magoun  Square”  on 
signs.  Take  elevated  train  to  Sullivan  Square  terminal. 

Field's  Corner  a7id  Milton _ Car  marked  “Ashmontand  Milton” 

and  “Milton”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  corner  Franklin  and  Wash¬ 
ington  streets,  North  or  South  Stations,  Park  Street  Subway  Sta¬ 
tion,  or  Dudley  street  elevated  station. 

Nepo7iset _ Car  marked  “Field’s  Corner”  and  “Neponset”  on 

signs.  Take  car  at  North  station,  or  Franklin,  corner  Washington 
street,  or  Dudley  street  elevated  station. 

City  Point _ Car  marked  “South  Boston”  anl  “City  Point”  on 

signs.  Take  car  at  North  or  South  stations,  or  on  Washington 
Street  between  Adams  Square  and  Dover  Street.  This  car  goes  to 
Marine  Park. 

Malden  and  Everett _ Car  marked  “Everett”  or  “Malden"  on 

signs.  Take  elevated  train  to  Sullivan  Square  terminal. 

Medford . — Car  marked  “Medford”  or  “West  Medford”  on  end 
signs.  Take  elevated  train  to  Sullivan  Square  terminal. 

Woodlaw7i  Ce77ietery _ Car  marked  “Everett”  and  “Woodlawn” 

on  end  signs.  Take  elevated  train  to  Sullivan  Square  terminal. 

Arlmgto7i  and  Arlmgto7i  Heights _ Car  marked  “Arlington 

Heights”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  Sullivan  Square  Terminal  or  Park 
Street  Station  Subway.  The  latter  route  passes  Harvard  College. 

Harvard  Square _ Car  marked  “Cambridge”  and  “Harvard 

Square”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  Park  Street  Subway  Station,  or  at 
Scollay  Square,  or  at  Charles  Street.  These  cars  pass  Harvard 
College. 

Mount  Auburn  a7id  Newto7i _ Car  marked  “Cambridge”  and 

“Mount  Auburn  and  Newton”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  Scollay 
Square,  or  Park  Street  Subway  Station.  Mount  Auburn  Cemetery 
is  on  this  route. 


AN  INTRODUCTION  TO  BOSTON 


19 


Newton  and  Reservoir  via  Beacon  Street . — Car  marked  “Reser¬ 
voir”  and  “Newton  Boulevard”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  Park  Street 
Subway  Station. 

Reservoir ,  via  Brookline  Village . — Car  marked  “Brookline”  and 
“Reservoir”  on  signs.  Take  car  at  Park  Street  Subway  Station. 

Oak  Square _ Cars  marked  “Newton”  and  “Oak  Square”  on 

signs.  Take  car  at  Park  Street  Subway  Station  or  Scollay  Square. 

Free  Transfers — 

This  system  provides  free  transfers  at  many  points,  the  more 
important  of  which  are  as  follows: 

At  Sullivan  Square  and  Dudley  Street  Terminal  Stations  bodily 
transfer  is  provided  from  surface  cars  to  elevated  trains  and  vice 
versa,  so  that  passengers  may  continue  their  ride  in  the  same 
general  direction. 

Bodily  free  transfer  may  also  be  made  between  surface  cars  and 
elevated  trains  at  Hay  market  Square,  Subway  and  Union-Friend 
Tunnel  Stations. 

Free  transfer  by  check  to  continue  ride  in  the  same  general 
direction  is  provided  from  elevated  stations  to  surface  cars,  and 
from  surface  cars  to  the  first  elevated  station  reached,  as  follows: 

Thompson  Square 
City  Square 
North  Station 
Hay  market  Square 
Adams  Square 
State 
Milk 
Summer 
Winter 
Essex 
Boylston 
South  Station 
Rowe’s  Wharf 
State 
Battery 
Dover 

Northampton 

Passengers  wishing  to  transfer  from  surface  cars  to  elevated 
stations  should  ask  for  transfer  checks  at  the  time  of  payment  of 
fare. 

Transfer  between  surface  cars  by  transfer  check  issued  by 
conductors  upon  request  at  the  time  of  payment  of  fare  may  be 
made  to  a  greater  or  less  extent  at  the  following  places: 


(Elevated  Station.) 
<< 

a  44 

(Subway) 

u 

tt 
t  t 
tt 

44 

n 

(Elevated  Station.) 

44  44 

tt  'it 

tt  tt 

tt  44 

4  4  4  4 


20 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Arlington _ Massachusetts  Avenue,  corner  Medford  Street. 

Belmont _ Belmont  Street,  corner  Grove  Street. 

Boston  Proper. — Massachusetts  Avenue,  corner  Beacon  Street, 
Massachusetts  Avenue,  corner  Boylston  Street,  Tremont  Street, 
corner  Boylston  Street,  Public  Garden  entrance  to  Subway,  Wash¬ 
ington  Street,  corner  State  Street,  Atlantic  Avenue,  corner  State  Street, 
Commercial  Street,  corner  Battery  Street,  or  East  Boston  Ferry. 

Brighton _ Oak  Square  Carhouse,  Commonwealth  Avenue,  corner 

Essex  Street. 

East  Boston _ Maverick  Square,  Central  Square,  Meridian  Street, 

corner  Princeton  Street,  Chelsea  Street,  corner  Shelby  Street,  or 
North  Ferry. 

Doi'chester _ Warren  Street  and  Blue  Hill  Avenue,  (Grove  Hall), 

Mattapan  Square,  Park  Street  and  Dorchester  Avenue,  U pham’s 
Corner. 

Roxhury _ Elliot  Square,  Heath  Street,  corner  Huntington 

Avenue,  Roxbury  Crossing. 

South  Boston. — Broadway,  corner  Dorchester  Avenue,  Broadway, 
corner  Dorchester  Street. 

West  Roxbury. — Spring  Street,  corner  Center  Street,  South 
Street,  corner  Washington  Street,  Forest  Hills  Square. 

Brookline _ Coolidge  Corner,  and  Brookline  Village. 

Cambridge. — Inman  Square,  Main  Street  at  new  Cambridge 
Bridge,  Bridge  Street  at  Craigie  Bridge,  Mount  Auburn  Carhouse, 
Harvard  Square,  Brookline  Street,  corner  Massachusetts  Avenue. 

Everett _ Everett  Square,  Ferry  Street,  corner  Broadway,  Main 

Street,  corner  Broadway. 

Malden _ Malden  Square,  Ferry  Street,  corner  Cross  Street, 

Pleasant  Street,  corner  Highland  Avenue,  Main  Street,  corner  Cross 
Street,  Salem  Street,  corner,  Ferry  Street. 

Medford.— Salem  Street  Carhouse,  High  Street,  corner  Playstead 
Road,  Boston  Avenue,  corner  High  Street,  Harvard  Avenue. 

Somerville _ Magoun  Square,  Teele  Square,  Union  Square. 

The  Boston  &  Northern  Electric  Railroad  System  covers  the 
largest  extent  of  territory  of  any  electric  railway  in  New  England, 
and  embraces  a  large  area  of  the  northern  and  northwestern  section 
of  Essex  County,  including  Lynn,  Saugus,  Swampscott,  Marblehead, 
Salem,  Peabody,  Danvers,  Beverly,  Wenham,  and  Hamilton;  and  in 
Middlesex  County:  Stoneham,  Wakefield,  Melrose,  Malden,  and 
Everett.  In  Suffolk  it  runs  through  Boston,  from  Scollay  Square, 
through  Charlestown  and  Chelsea,  to  Revere,  thence  to  Lynn,  and 
so  on.  This  system  connects,  outside  of  Boston,  about  thirty  cities 
and  towns  with  an  estimated  population  of  nearly  300,000.  Lynn  is 
an  important  distributing  center  of  this  great  electric  system,  and 


AN  INTRODUCTION  TO  BOSTON 


21 


from  this  point  the  possibilities  of  change  of  direction  seem  to  be 
limitless.  The  passenger  station  is  at  Scollay  Square.  The  follow¬ 
ing  is  the  time  table: 

To  Beachmont ,  at  ten,  fifteen  and  twenty-minute  intervals. 

To  Chelsea ,  via  Charlestown,  every  eight  and  ten  minutes. 

To  Woodlawn  Cemetery ,  every  twenty  minutes. 

To  Revere ,  every  fifteen  minutes, 

To  Revere  Beach ,  (in  summer),  every  fifteen  minutes. 

To  Lynn ,  Saugus ,  and  Sw  amp  scot  t ,  at  fifteen  and  thirty-minute 
intervals;  Sunday,  (in  summer)  every  fifteen  minutes. 

Cars  from  Lynn  to  Peabody  and  Marblehead ,  every  thirty  min¬ 
utes;  to  East  Saugus  and  Cliftondale ,  every  thirty  minutes. 

Ferries. 

A  list  of  the  ferries  which  ply  between  Boston  and  the  surround¬ 
ing  shores  is  as  follows: 

Chelsea  Ferry  (foot  of  Hanover  Street). — First  boat  leaves  Chelsea, 
footof  Winnisimmet  Street,  4.45  a.  m.;  next  at  6.30  a.  m.,  and  there¬ 
after  every  fifteen  minutes  until  8.00  p.  m.  Last  trip  at  11.00  p.  m., 
except  Saturday,  at  11.30  p.  m. 

Sunday. — First  boat  leaves  at  6.30  a.  m.,  and  subsequent  schedule 
is  same  as  on  week  days. 

East  Boston  ( North  Ferry),  foot  of  Battery  Street. — Runs  at 
twenty-minute  intervals  between  midnight  and  6  a.  m.;  and  there¬ 
after  at  six  to  fifteen-minute  intervals. 

East  Boston  ( South  Ferry),  foot  of  Eastern  Avenue. — Regular 
schedule  provides  for  twenty-minute  trips  between  midnight  and  6 
a.  m.  ;  thereafter  at  intervals  of  six  to  fifteen  minutes. 

Boston,  Revere  Beach  &  Lynn  Railroad  Ferry,  350  Atlantic 
Avenue.  First  boat  leaves  at  1.20  a.  m.  ;  and  thereafter  at  hourly, 
halfrhourly  and  fifteen-minute  intervals  for  Lynn,  Revere,  Winthrop, 
Beachmont,  etc. 

Hotels. 

Boston  is  prepared  to  “welcome  the  coming  and  speed  the  parting 
guest  ”  in  such  manner  that  he  will  long  to  visit  her  again.  Her 
many  good  hotels  are  not  confined,  as  in  former  days,  to  the  business 
district  of  the  city,  but  they  are  to  be  found  in  almost  every  quarter, 
and  of  various  grades  of  excellence,  and  it  would  seem  that  “  all  sorts 
and  conditions  of  men  ”  might  here  find  a  temporary  home  which 
would  meet  their  utmost  requirements. 

Hotels  on  the  American  plan  furnish  lodging,  meals,  and  attend¬ 
ance  at  a  fixed  price  per  day,  which  varies  according  to  the  grade  of 
the  house  and  the  location  and  appointment  of  rooms.  Hotels  on  this 
plan  are  recommended  to  persons,  who,  having  command  of  their 
time,  can  be  regular  at  meals,  and  to  those  who  like  to  know  in 
advance  the  expense  to  which  they  will  be  subject  while  in  the  city. 
The  prices  of  these  hotels  vary  from  $2  to  $5  a  day  and  upward  for 
extra  rooms  and  other  advantages.  It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that 
proprietors  charge  travelers  for  the  meal  that  is  on  the  table  when 


22 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


they  arrive  or  when  they  depart.  As  there  is  usually  a  meal  going 
on  from  the  early  breakfast  until  late  in  the  evening,  it  is  well  for  the 
guest  to  see  that  he  is  registered  with  his  account  beginning  with  the 
first  meal  which  he  intends  to  eat.  If  the  clerk  refuses  to  accede  to 
this  arrangement,  the  meal  must  be  paid  for  or  other  quarters  sought. 
In  the  list  of  hotels,  which  forms  a  part  of  this  chapter,  the  lowest 
ordinary  rates  per  day  for  one  person  are  given  for  hotels  run  on  the 
American  plan.  Higher  rates  are  charged  for  superior  rooms. 
Where  the  stay  in  the  city  is  to  be  prolonged  for  more  than  one  week, 
reduced  rates  may  be  obtained  at  some  of  these  hotels  by  making 
arrangements  before  registering. 

Hotels  on  the  European  plan — In  these  hotels  rooms  are  rented, 
with  light  and  service,  at  so  much  per  day,  and  the  guest  may  take 
his  meals  in  the  restaurant  attached  to  the  hotel  or  elsewhere,  as 
convenience  or  fancy  may  dictate.  Hotels  on  the  European  plan 
will  commend  themselves  to  people  who  are  limited  as  to  time  and  do 
not  have  to  consider  expense.  The  prices  range  from  50  cents  a  night, 
in  some  of  the  cheaper  hotels,  to  $2  and  $3  in  the  Back  Bay  region; 
but  very  choice  rooms  and  extra  privileges  must  be  paid  for  accord¬ 
ingly.  As  a  rule,  $1  to  $1.50  per  day  for  a  single  room  and  $2  for  two 
persons  together  will  secure  accommodations  that  will  satisfy  most 
travelers. 

Combination  Plan. — Some  of  the  best  hotels  combine  both  Amer¬ 
ican  and  European  plans,  and  in  the  list  of  minimum  charges  prices 
for  both  plans  are  given. 

Extras — The  only  extra  charges  which  will  be  found  in  the  bill  will 
be  for  meals  sent  to  private  rooms,  baths  (when  no  bath-room  is 
attached  to  the  room  occupied),  and  fires,  or,  in  some  cases,  the  turn¬ 
ing  on  of  steam  heat.  The  fire  is  usually  of  hard  coal,  in  an  open 
grate,  and  costs  from  50  cents  to  $1  per  day,  and  50  cents  is  the  usual 
charge  for  baths.  In  almost  every  hotel  will  be  found  telegraph 
offices,  barbers,  and  bootblacks,  news-stands,  and  theater  ticket 
offices;  and  in  many,  railway  ticket  offices  and  agents  of  the  baggage 
transfer  companies  and  carriage  lines.  These  agents  are  authorized 
and  may  be  patronized  without  hesitation. 

Alphabetical  List  of  Hotels 

Adams ,  551 -571  Washington  Street — Eur.,  $1.50  up. 

American ,  54  Hanover  Street — Eur.,  $1. 

Bellevue,  15-23  Beacon  Street — Eur.,  $1.50. 

Boston  Tavern ,  347  Washington  Street — Eur.,  $1. 

Brewster — Boylston,  near  Washington  Street.  New  throughout 
— Eur.,  $2  up. 

Brunswick,  Boylston  and  Clarendon  Streets — Am., $5;  Eur., #1.50. 

Clarendon,  521-523  Tremont  Street — Eur.,  $ 1 . 

Clark' s,  575-581  Washington  Street — Eur,,  $1. 

Copley  Square,  Huntington  Av.  and  Exeter  St. — Eur.,  $1.50  to  $4. 

Crawford,  Scollay  Square — Eur.,  $1. 

Leiiox,  Boylston  and  Exeter  Streets — Eur.,  $2. 


AN  INTRODUCTION  TO  BOSTON. 


23 


Maverick ,  23  Maverick  Square,  East  Boston — Eur.,  $1. 

Nottingham,  Copley  Square — Eur.,  $1  up. 

Oxford ,  Huntington  Avenue  and  Exeter  Street — Eur.,  $1  up. 

Parker ,  School  and  Tremont  streets — Eur.,  $1.50  to  $4. 

Qumcy ,  Brattle  Street  and  Brattle  Square — Eur.,  $1  up. 

Revere ,  Bowdoin  Square — Eur.,  $1  to  $2. 

Rexford,  Allston  and  Howard  streets — Eur.,  $1. 

Somerset ,  Commonwealth  Avenue — Eur.,  $2  up. 

Thorndike ,  Boylston  and  Church  streets — Eur.,  $1.50  up. 

Touraine ,  Tremont  and  Boylston  streets — Eur.,  $3  to  $6. 

United  States,  Beach,  Albany  and  Lincoln  streets — Am.,  $2.50; 
Eur.,  $1  to  $2.50. 

Vendome,  Commonwealth  Avenue  and  Dartmouth  Street — Am., 
$5  UP- 

Victoria,  Dartmouth  and  Newbury  streets — Eur.,  $2  up. 

Westminster,  Copley  Square — Eur.,  $2  up. 

Young's,  Court  and  Court  Square — Eur.,  $1.50  up. 

Notable  Traits  of  Prominent  Hostelries. — It  is  not  the  purpose  of 
this  book  to  make  any  discriminations,  other  than  those  which  will 
aid  the  stranger  to  find  a  suitable  home  for  his  stay  in  the  city. 
For  addresses  and  rates,  the  foregoing  list  will  give  one  a  pretty  good 
idea  of  what  the  town  affords;  but  there  are  some  traits  that  belong 
to  the  older  hostelries  which  it  will  be  desirable  for  the  stranger  to 
know  before  making  his  selection. 

Most  of  the  down-town  hotels  are  in  the  district  which  is  bounded 
on  the  north  by  Hanover  Street  and  on  the  south  by  Boylston  Street. 
In  this  district  may  be  found  every  grade  of  hotel,  and  people  who 
are  here  for  business  or  sight-seeing  will  choose  this  locality  for  its 
convenience. 

In  the  Back  Bay  district  will  be  found  places  whose  elegant 
appointments  and  air  of  refinement  and  exclusiveness  will  appeal  to 
those  who  have  the  leisure  and  the  means  to  command  such  luxuries. 

The  American  House,  on  Hanover  Street,  between  Portland  and 

Court  streets,  is  a  long-established  and  very  good  hotel.  It  is  inter¬ 
esting  to  know  that  upon  a  portion  of  the  ground  it  occupies  there 
formerly  stood  the  home  of  Gen.  Joseph  Warren.  This  hotel  has 
been  in  operation  since  1835,  and  has  had  many  alterations  and 
additions.  It  was  the  first  hotel  to  introduce  the  passenger  elevator. 
Its  prices  are  moderate,  and  it  is  a  well-kept,  comfortable  house.  Its 
Rathskeller  is  one  of  the  notable  restaurants  of  the  town. 

The  Adams  House ,  at  553  Washington  Street,  is  one  of  the  largest 


24 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


and  best  hotels  in  the  city.  It  is  noted  for  the  excellence  of  its  cuisine, 
and  for  its  display  of  good  paintings,  by  modern  artists,  on  the  walls 
of  its  corridors  and  halls.  It  covers  the  site  of  the  Lamb  Tavern, 
built  in  1745,  and  also  of  the  first  Adams  House,  built  , in  1844.  Its 
central  location  and  excellent  service  make  it  an  attractive  place  to 
tourists. 

The  Somerset ,  Westminster ,  Brunswick ,  Vendome ,  Victoria  and 
Copley  Square  hotels,  in  the  Back  Bay  district,  are,  as  a  group, 
the  finest  hotels  in  Boston.  They  are  delightfully  located  in  the 
fashionable  part  of  the  city,  and  have  all  the  elegance  of  finish  and 
appointment  which  the  most  fastidious  guest  can  desire.  All  of 
these  houses  enjoy  the  patronage  of  wealthy  and  distinguished 
people,  and  are  favorite  places  for  private  and  club  dinner  parties. 

The  Vendome,  on  Commonwealth  Avenue,  the  Back  Bay  Boule¬ 
vard  of  the  city,  in  the  exclusive  residence  section,  commands  the 
highest  class  of  patronage. 

The  Parker  House ,  on  Tremont  and  School  streets,  was  the 
first  hotel  established  in  this  country  on  the  European  plan  (first 
opened  in  1855  by  the  late  Harvey  D.  Parker),  and  it  has  always 
maintained  the  highest  reputation  for  the  comfort  and  elegance  of 
its  service.  It  has  been  enlarged  at  different  times,  and  at  present 
is  a  stately  marble  structure,  covering  a  large  area. 

The  Quincy  House.  Not  far  from  the  American  House,  on  Brattle 
Street,  extending  to  Brattle  Square,  is  the  Quincy  House,  the  oldest 
existing  hotel  in  Boston.  Established  in  1819,  and  many  times 
enlarged  and  remodeled. 

The  Somerset ,  architecturally  very  imposing,  is  the  newest  and 
largest  of  Boston’s  hotels,  and  is  accounted  one  of  the  most  luxurious 
and  palatial  hostelries  in  the  world.  The  special  features  of  interest 
are  its  magnificent  ball-room  suites  and  banquet  halls,  which  have 
made  it  the  city’s  center  of  fashion,  and  its  “out-of-door”  restaurant, 
especially  attractive  during  the  summer  months.  The  Somerset 
overlooks  the  Park  and  Fenway  at  the  head  of  Commonwealth 
Avenue. 

The  United  States  Hotel,  on  Beach  Street,  was  built  over  half 
a  century  ago  as  a  family  hotel.  Its  location,  while  notin  the  most 
expensive  and  aristocratic  part  of  the  city,  is  convenient  and 
accessible  and  near  the  center  of  both  the  wholesale  establishments 


25'BBATTLE-SI  f>  17HAN0VEESI 

-  --  — 

r?<*  « - »v?T 

LUNCHEON  ROOMS 

FlIKNISHED  WITH  COUNTEKS  AND  STOOLS 

33  •  HANOVER  •  SI 
564  WASHINGTON  SI 
81  DEVONSHIRE  ST. 

AND 

121  SUMMERSl 

BOSTON 


COMBINED  •  SEATING  •  CAPACITY  oF 
RESTAURANT  and  LUNCHEON  ROOMS •  1500 
ESTABLISHED  IN  1847 


AN  INTRODUCTION  TO  BOSTON. 


27 


and  of  the  shopping  districts.  It  is  one  of  the  best  hotels  in  the  city, 
where  much  attention  is  paid  to  the  comfort  and  pleasure  of  the 
guests. 

Young' s  Hotel . — The  main  entrance  to  this  hotel  is  on  Court 
Square,  and  the  hotel  extends  to  Court  Avenue  and  Court  Street.  It 
is  one  of  the  largest  and  best  of  the  hotels  on  the  European  plan 
One  of  the  features  of  this  hotel  is  the  ladies’  dining  room,  the 
entrance  to  which  is  on  the  Court  Street  side.  This  is  a  handsomely 
decorated  room  ioo  feet  long  and  31  feet  wide.  It  connects  with 
other  large  dining-rooms,  and  a  cafe  for  gentlemen  on  the  ground 
floor.  This  hotel  is  a  favorite  place  for  New  Yorkers. 

The  Tour aine  is  one  of  the  newest  of  the  first-class  hotels,  and 
exceeds  most  others  in  the  completeness  of  its  equipment  for  all 
modern  hotel  requirements.  It  is  a  very  handsome  building  at  the 
southeast  corner  of  the  Common;  is  magnificently  furnished  through¬ 
out,  and  attracts  the  most  fastidious  customers.  Its  restaurant  is 
one  of  the  handsomest  in  the  city,  and  in  the  basement  are  several 
grillrooms  and  cafes  fitted  up  in  the  German  style,  which  form  a 
favorite  lunching  place. 

Restaurants. 

There  are  several  hundred  establishments  classed  as  restaurants 
in  the  business  section  of  Boston.  Of  first-class  establishments  there 
are  a  number,  and  they  include  those  at  the  leading  hotels  on  the 
European  plan.  Recognized  as  among  the  best  are  those  connected 
with  Young’s  Hotel,  the  Parker  House,  and  the  Touraine.  That 
of  Young’s  Hotel  is  very  extensive,  occupying  a  large  part  of  the 
ground  floor  of  that  establishment.  It  has  dining-rooms  for  ladies 
and  gentlemen,  lunch  rooms,  and  convenient  lunch  and  oyster  count¬ 
ers.  The  dining-rooms  and  cafe  of  the  Adams  House  are  first-class  in 
every  respect.  In  the  Hotel  Bellevue,  on  Beacon  Street,  is  one  of  the 
best  and  prettiest  cafes  in  town.  At  the  Hotel  Victoria,  on  Dart¬ 
mouth  Street,  will  be  found  another  caf£  with  good  service,  elegant 
appointments,  and  fine  cuisine. 

Among  the  favorite  places  in  the  business  section  of  the  city  is 
Marstori s,  on  Brattle  Street.  Here,  during  the  noon  hour,  hundreds 
of  business  men  and  women  find  rest  and  refreshment.  This 
restaurant,  since  the  improvements  of  1894,  is  the  largest  public 


28 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


restaurant  in  the  city.  It  has  been  in  existence  over  half  a  century 
and  is  the  best  known  place'of  its  class  in  New  England.  The 
business  was  moved  to  Brattle  Street  in  1853,  and  to-day  the  estab¬ 
lishment  covers  an  area  of  43,000  square  feet,  has  80c  seats,  employs 
300  people,  and  has  a  patronage  of  6000  a  day.  Entrances,  25 
Brattle  Street  and  17  Hanover  Street.  Their  lunch  rooms  intended 
for  the  accommodation  and  convenience  of  those  who  can  afford 
only  a  few  minutes  time  for  their  luncheon,  and  who  prefer  small 
portions  at  comparatively  low  prices  to  a  sumptuous  meal  during 
business  hours,  are  at  No.  33  Hanover  Street,  which  is  for  the  exclu¬ 
sive  use  of  women;  No.  564  Washington  Street,  for  men  and  women, 
and  121  Summer  Street,  for  men. 

In  City  Hall  Square,  Washington  Street,  and  along  Newspaper 
Row,  are  numbers  of  restaurants  of  every  kind  and  grade.  There  are 
those  in  which  refreshments  can  be  secured  at  all  hours  of  the  day 
and  night,  and  there  are  still  others  which  cater  mainly  for  the 
noon  trade. 

The  English  Tea  Room ,  160  Tremont  Street,  is  popular  with 
ladies  who  are  shopping,  and  here  they  may  obtain  a  light  lunch  at 
reasonable  prices.  At  the  noon  hour  the  place  is  thronged  with 
women,  and  a  most  animated  scene  is  presented.  Among  other 
places  of  this  character  are  Weber's,  156  Tremont  Street,  and  Frost 
& *  Dearborn' s,  8  and  10  Pearl  Street.  The  Winter- Place  Hotel,  on 
Winter  Place,  has  recently  succeeded  Ober’s  French  Restaurant, 
and  it  is,  without  doubt,  one  of  the  finest  cafes  in  the  city.  Thomp¬ 
son's  Spa,  on  Washington  Street,  is  noteworthy  in  its  way. 

Boylston  Cafe,  corner  of  Washington  and  Boylston  Streets,  is  a 
popular  place  with  the  sporting  classes,  and  here  at  all  times  maybe 
found  devotees  of  all  branches  of  sport,  disposing  of  a  juicy  chop 
and  a  mug  of  “musty”  while  discussing  the  current  topics. 

The  leading  French  restaurants  of  the  city  are  located  on  Van 
Rensselaer  Place  and  the  city  also  possesses  Italian  and  Chinese 
restaurants. 

There  are  also  a  few  good  chop  and  oyster  houses  in  this  city. 
Of  the  former,  two  can  be  found  on  Essex  Street  and  one  in  Avery 
Street,  while  of  the  latter  class  may  be  mentioned  Higgins' ,  on 
Court  Street,  and  Brigham' s,  on  Washington  Street,  opposite 
Boylston  Street. 

Crosby's  Restaurant,  19  School  Street*  is  known  as  Boston’s 
popular  family  restaurant,  open  from  6  a.  m.  to  8  p.  m.  Concert 
every  evening  from  5.30  to  7.30  p.  m. 

Most  of  the  large  department  stores  also  maintain  good  restaurants. 

Apartment  Houses  or  Family  Hotels. 

Boston  was  the  first  American  city  to  adopt  this  system  of  living, 
and  it  has  become  so  popular  that  it  would  be  impossible,  in  a  work 


AN  INTRODUCTION  TO  BOSTON. 


29 


of  this  character,  to  mention  any  but  the  most  prominent  establish¬ 
ments.  These  houses  range  from  palatial  structures  to  plain,  but 
comfortable,  homes  for  people  of  moderate  means,  and  they  are  to  be 
found  “down  town*5  and  in  all  residence  districts.  They  are  arranged 
in  suites,  the  annual  rent  ranging  from  $400  to  $3,000  and  higher, 
according  to  size  and  number  of  rooms,  elegance  of  finish,  and  loca¬ 
tion  of  the  house.  The  rent  includes  janitor  service  and  steam 
heat.  Many  of  the  better  class  of  these  houses  are  furnished  with 
elevators,  and  have  the  kitchens  at  the  top  of  the  building. 

List  of  tlie  Most  Prominent  Family  Hotels. 

Agassiz,  19 1  Commonwealth  Avenue. 

Bristol,  Boylston,  cor.  Clarendon. 

Cluny ,  233  Boylston  $treet. 

Charlesgate,  Beacon,  cor.  Charlesgate,  East. 

Gladstone ,  Belvidere  Street. 

Oxford,  Huntington  Avenue. 

Royal,  297  Beacon  Street. 

Westminster,  Copley  Square. 

Boarding  and  Lodging  Houses. 

Those  who  contemplate  spending  some  time  in  the  city  will  find  it 
possible  to  live,  both  economically  and  pleasantly,  in  a  private  board¬ 
ing-house.  Prices  range  according  to  location,  size,  and  number  of 
rooms  required,  etc.,  and  one  can  obtain  board  in  respectable  neigh¬ 
borhoods  at  from  $6  to  $15  per  week,  according  to  accommodations. 
One  can,  of  course,  find  lower  and  higher  rates,  but  would  hardly 
expect  satisfactory  table  and  rooms  at  less  than  $6. 

Furnished  Rooms. — A  very  pleasant  method  of  living  in  Boston  is 
to  engage  a  furnished  room  by  the  week,  and  take  one's  meals  at  any 
of  the  numerous  restaurants.  This  is  an  economical  way  of  living, 
besides  the  freedom  it  gives  for  lunching  or  dining  whenever  and 
wherever  one  chooses.  Rooms  to  be  let  for  lodgings  and  private 
boarding-houses  are  advertised  in  the  daily  papers;  but  it  will  be  well 
to  require  references  of  those  having  rooms  to  rent. 

At  the  Woman' s  Educational  and  Industrial  Union  is  kept  a 
boarding-house  directory,  which  ladies  may  consult  at  any  time,  and 
so  learn  of  places  whose  respectability  is  guaranteed.  (See  page  141). 


30 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


The  Young  Men  s  Christian  Association ,  corner  of  Berkeley 
and  Boylston  streets;  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Union ,  at  48 
Boylston  Street,  and  the  Young  Women' s  Christian  Association, 
40  Berkeley  Street,  are  always  glad  to  lend  a  helping  hand  to 
strangers,  and  also  keep  boarding-house  lists,  which  are  placed  at 
the  disposal  of  those  needing  such  assistance. 


WASHINGTON  ELM — Cambridge,  Mass. 


II 

IN  AND  AROUND  BOSTON. 


The  little  jagged  peninsula  on  which  John  Winthrop  and  his  asso¬ 
ciates  settled  in  1630  was  first  called  Shawmut,  then  Trimountain. 
The  original  area  of  Boston — 783  acres — has  grown  to  23,661  acres, 
and  Boston  now  has  a  population  of  over  600,000.  But  these  figures 
as  to  acreage  and  population  are  misleading  and  unfair.  The 
increase  in  area  has  been  the  result  of  filling  in  the  harbor  and 
annexing  adjacent  towns.  The  first  addition  of  outlying  territory 
was  made  as  early  as  1637,  when  Noddle’s  Island  “was  layd  to  Bos¬ 
ton”  and  given  the  name  of  East  Boston.  This  addition,  which  more 
than  doubled  the  area  of  the  old  town,  remained  a  farm  until  1833, 
when  capitalists  purchased  most  of  the  land,  and  improvements  and 
settlements  began.  Early  in  the  present  century  some  parts  of  Dor¬ 
chester  were  added  to  Boston,  but  it  was  not  until  late  in  the  second 
half  of  the  century  that  the  municipalities  of  Roxbury,  Dorchester, 
Charlestown,  West  Roxbury,  and  Brighton  were  absorbed  by  the 
ambitious  metropolis. 

Localities. 

Early  in  the  history  of  Boston  it  became  the  habit  of  the  people  to 
speak  of  the  different  sections  of  the  town  as  the  “  North  End,”  the 
“  West  End,”  the  “  South  End,”  and  then  as  the  residence  sections 
continued  to  stretch  farther  to  the  south  and  west  and  business  inter¬ 
ests  absorbed  the  territory  east  and  south  of  the  Common  and  Public 
Garden,  this  came  to  be  known  as  the  Central  District.  This  division 
of  the  city  into  districts  is  an  advantage  to  those  who  are  not  familiar 
with  the  city’s  topography  and  points  of  attraction. 

The  North  End  is  that  part  of  the  city  lying  north  of  State, 
Court,  and  Cambridge  streets.  This  was  once  the  wealthiest,  most 
populous,  and,  in  every  way,  the  most  important  part  of  town. 

(31) 


32 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


Here  were  the  great  warehouses,  the  public  buildings,  and  the  homes 
of  the  old  and  prominent  families.  All  this  is  now  changed  and  this 
part  of  the  city  has  been  abandoned  as  a  place  of  residence  except 
by  the  poorest  classes.  All  about  this  section  are  streets  whose 
names  will  recall  the  historical  association  of  the  Colonial  period. 
Many  of  the  most  suggestive  names,  however,  were  changed  after 
the  separation  to  suit  the  republican  sentiments  of  the  community. 
Thus  King  Street  became  State  Street;  Queen  was  changed  to  Court 
Street ;  but  Hanover,  named  in  honor  of  the  royal  house,  was  for 
some  reason  permitted  to  stand.  The  latter  is  the  main  business 
thoroughfare  of  this  district,  starting  from  Scollay  Square  and  run¬ 
ning  north  to  Aspinwall’s  Wharf.  The  street  is  mainly  occupied  by 
dealers  in  small  wares,  and  has  been  appropriately  called  the  “  Bow¬ 
ery  ”  of  Boston.  At  one  time  the  North  End  bore  a  bad  reputation 
as  a  slum  district,  but  since  the  population  has  become  Italian  and 
Hebraic,  it  has  grown  more  peaceful  and  orderly  in  its  ways.  The 
Italians  predominate  to  the  east  and  the  Hebrews  to  the  west  of 
Hanover  Street,  and  “  Little  Italy”  and  “  New  Jerusalem  ”  flourish 
side  by  side  in  what  was  once  the  most  aristocratic  part  of  Boston. 
The  Italian  quarter  has  its  own  shops,  banks,  hotels,  and  restaurants, 
a  theater,  and  two  churches  (St.  Leonards  of  Porte  Maurice,  on 
Prince  Street,  and  the  Church  of  the  Sacred  Heart  of  Jesus  on 
North  Square). 

Points  of  Interest  at  the  North  E7id. — The  points  which  will  be 
attractive  to  the  traveler  in  this  part  of  the  city  are  the  Old  State 
House,  on  State  Street;  Faneuil  Hall,  in  Faneuil  Hall  Square;  Quincy 
Market,  just  across  Merchants’  Row  from  Faneuil  Hall;  Christ 
Church,  on  Salem  Street;  and  Copps  Hill  Burying  Ground,  quite  near 
the  latter,  on  Hull  Street.  Each  of  these  places  is  described  in  the 
chapter  on  “  Old  Landmarks,”  and  in  the  chapter  entitled  “  A  Tour  of 
the  City”  the  most  convenient  way  of  visiting  them  is  pointed  out. 

The  Central  District,  or  business  quarter,  lies  east  and  south  of 
Boylston  Street,  the  Public  Garden,  the  Common,  Tremont,  Court, 
and  State  streets.  This  region  is  frequently  referred  to  nowadays 
as  the  “congested  district,”  and  into  it  are  crowded  banks,  public 
buildings,  warehouses,  shops,  offices,  hotels,  theaters,  newspaper 
offices,  and  the  railway  stations. 

The  Subway  is  a  series  of  connected  tunnels  used  as  a  passage¬ 
way  for  street-cars  beneath  the  crowded  central  part  of  the  city.  It 


WASHINGTON  STREET,  BOSTON. 
(33) 


. 


The  Salt  Breath  of  the  Sea  Brings  Health 

GALEN  HALL 


ATLANTIC  CITY,  N.  J. 


Hotel  and  Sanatorium 


A  New  Stone,  Brick,  and  Steel  Building  with 
all  the  Modern  Conveniences  and 
Beautifully  Furnished^ 

Our  Treatment  Department  has  the  most 
Modern  Hydriatic  and  Electrical  Apparatus 

Trained  Attendants  Only 
Ladies  and  Gentlemen 

SEA  WATER  USED 

Always  Open  Always  Ready  Always  Busy 

For  information  address 

F.  L.  YOUNG,  General  Manager 


IN  AND  AROUND  BOSTON. 


35 


was  begun  in  March,  1895,  partly  opened  for  use  in  August,  1897,  and 
completed  September  1 ,  189S.  It  extends  from  the  middle  of  the 
eastern  edge  of  the  Public  Garden  to  near  the  corner  of  Boylston 
and  Tremont  streets,  then  turns  north  beneath  the  Mall  of  the 
Common  to  Park  Street,  where  there  is  a  loop  for  those  cars  whose 
lines  terminate  here.  It  then  extends  northerly  under  the  line  of 
Tremont  Street  to  Scollay  Square,  where  it  divides  into  two  parts, 
one  turning  east  beneath  Cornhill  and  north  again  at  Adams  Square, 
while  the  other  goes  to  and  beneath  Hanover  Street,  until  it  joins  the 
other  line.  The  double  tunnel  then  proceeds  northward  beneath 
Haymarket  Square  and  reaches  the  surface  by  an  incline  at  the 
North  Station  on  Causeway  Street.  In  addition  to  this  a  branch 
passes  from  the  Boylston  Street  corner  out  Tremont  Street  to 
Shawmut  Avenue,  where  it  reaches  the  surface.  It  is  used  by  all  the 
street-car  lines  that  formerly  occupied  the  streets  of  its  neighborhood, 
relieving  them  of  the  unendurable  congestion  of  traffic  they  caused. 
Separate  stations  for  entrance  (where  passengers  buy  tickets)  and  for 
exit  stand  at  the  several  termini,  at  Boylston  Street,  Park  Street, 
Scollay,  Adams,  and  Haymarket  squares.  Several  of  these,  espe¬ 
cially  Park  Street  and  Scollay  Square,  are  transfer  stations,  where 
passengers  changing  cars  receive  transfer  tickets  and  pass  through 
designated  gates.  The  platforms  are  capacious,  have  seats,  police 
attendance,  news  stands,  etc.,  and  the  use  of  the  subway  is  as  com¬ 
fortable  as  it  is  advantageous. 

The  East  Boston  Tunnel,  running  under  the  Boston  Harbor  from 
Maverick  Square  in  East  Boston  to  Scollay  Square  in  Boston,  was 
opened  for  operation  December  29,  1904;  it  was  started  May  29,  1900. 
This  tunnel  cost  $3,300,000.  It  is  a  single-tube  structure  of  concrete, 
reinforced  by  twisted  steel,  and  is  about  233^  feet  wide  ;  the  height 
from  the  top  of  rail  to  roof  varies  from  14  to  17  feet ;  the  length  under 
the  Harbor  is  2700  feet. 

The  West  End  includes  that  part  of  the  city  south  and  west  of 
Court,  Cambridge,  Tremont,  and  Boylston  streets,  to  the  line  of  the 
Boston  &  Albany  Railroad,  following  the  line  of  that  road  to  Brook' 
line.  Within  these  boundaries  are  the  Common  and  Public  Garden, 
Beacon  Hill,  and  the  Back  Bay  new  land.  Here  is  the  fashionable 
part  of  modern  Boston.  The  Back  Bay  quarter  begins  with  Arling¬ 
ton  Street  next  to  the  Public  Garden.  From  Arlington  Street  three 
great  thoroughfares — Newbury  Street,  Commonwealth  Avenue,  and 
Marlborough  Street  —  run  parallel  with  Beacon.  These  streets  are 


36 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


crossed  at  right  angles,  at  intervals  of  about  600  feet,  by  broad  cross¬ 
streets,  which  are  alphabetically  named,  a  trisyllabic  word  alter¬ 
nating  with  a  dissyllabic.  Commonwealth  Avenue  is  240  feet  wide 
and  has  a  tree-lined  parkway  running  through  the  center,  with  wide 
driveways  on  either  side.  It  is  one  of  the  stateliest  and  most  beau¬ 
tiful  streets  in  the  country.  Within  the  limits  of  this  district  are 
many  of  the  finest  churches  in  the  city  proper. 

The  South  End. — The  section  bounded  on  the  north  and  west  by 
Essex,  Boylston,  and  Tremont  streets,  and  the  Boston  &  Albany 
Railroad,  and  south  by  the  old  Roxbury  line,  is  the  South  End  of 
Boston,  as  the  term  is  now  understood.  It  is  largely  a  district  of 
'esidences,  though  Washington  Street  is  principally  given  up  to  the 
retail  trade,  and  considerable  business  is  done  on  some  other  streets. 
A  large  part  of  this  territory  was  reclaimed  from  the  sea. 

The  Annexed  Districts. 

East  Boston  is  reached  by  street  cars  starting  at  Brattle  Street 
and  running  through  Washington,  Milk,  Congress,  State,  Devonshire, 
Hanover,  and  Battery  to  the  ferry,  and  by  the  East  Boston  Tunnel 
from  Scollay  Square,  Boston,  to  Maverick  Square,  East  Boston.  It  is 
a  place  of  piers,  warehouses,  dry  docks,  and  marine  railways  ;  of 
great  mills,  manufactories,  oil  works,  fish  curing  and  smoking  estab¬ 
lishments,  and  immense  coal  depots.  At  the  Grand  Junction  Wharves 
several  lines  of  transatlantic  steamships  load  and  discharge  their 
cargoes,  and.  here  the  Boston  &  Albany  (New  York  Central)  Railroad 
has  extensive  freight  terminal  sheds  and  grain  elevators.  The 
facilities  at  these  wharves  for  the  reception  and  dispatch  of  immi¬ 
grants  are  superior  to  those  of  any  American  port.  The  immigrants 
who  are  to  continue  their  journey  by  land  into  other  sections  of  the 
country  are  carefully  guarded  from  sharpers  until  they  are  sent  away 
over  the  Grand  Junction,  which  connects  with  the  various  trunk  lines 
without  passing  through  the  city. 

East  Boston  has  its  pleasant  features  and  its  historical  associa¬ 
tions.  It  has  several  parks,  one  of  them — Wood  Isla?id — covering 
more  than  eighty  acres,  and  affording  from  its  higher  points  fine 
views  of  the  harbor.  Belmont  Square  is  on  the  site  of  the  old  forts 
of  1776  and  1814.  It  is  supposed  that  Noddle,  after  whom  the  island 
was  originally  named,  was  one  of  the  colonists  sent  out  by  Sir  William 
Brereton,  who  obtained  a  grant  of  this  island  from  John  Georges 


IN  AND  AROUND  BOSTON. 


37 


in  1628.  When  John  Winthrop  came  to  Boston  in  1630,  the  land  was 
occupied  by  Samuel  Maverick,  who  lived  here  for  twenty-five  years, 
and  who  became  the  first  slaveholder  in  the  colony.  East  Boston 
was  famed  for  its  shipyards,  which  turned  out  some  of  the  fast  clipper 
ships,  and  in  1853,  the  largest  sailing  ship  of  its  time.  The  “  Great 
Republic ’’was  built  here.  East  Boston  is  connected  with  the  main¬ 
land  at  Chelsea  and  Winthrop  by  bridges. 

South  Boston. — To  reach  South  Boston  by  street  car,  take  the 
red  car  marked  “  South  Boston  ”  and  “  City  Point”  on  signs.  This 
car  goes  to  Marine  Park,  and  may  be  taken  at  either  North  or  South 
Stations,  or  on  Washington  Street,  between  Adams  Square  and 
Dover  Street.  From  Park  Square  and  Charles  Street,  take  a  red 
car  marked  “  South  Boston  ”  and  “  City  Point”  on  signs. 

South  Boston  is  another  great  industrial  center,  having  vast  estab¬ 
lishments  in  which  yachts  are  built  and  machinery  made;  car-wheel 
works,  elevator  works,  confectionery  factories,  oil  works,  sugar  re¬ 
fineries,  and  breweries.  These  establishments  are  mostly  along  the 
water  fronts  on  the  northern  and  southern  sides.  In  the  neighbor¬ 
hood  of  the  Congress  Street  Bridge  from  the  city  proper  are  the 
Atlas  stores,  huge  warehouses,  the  terminal  piers  of  the  New  York, 
New  Haven  &  Hartford  Railroad;  and  foreign  and  coastwise  steam¬ 
ship  docks.  The  district  is  thickly  settled,  and  in  the  lower  parts 
unattractive.  Its  pleasant  places  are  on  the  hills  beyond,  and  near 
and  about  City  Point,  the  most  easterly  part,  embellished  by  the 
Marine  Park,  the  terminal  of  the  noble  chain  of  parks  and  park¬ 
ways  encircling  the  city. 

Thomas  Park,  on  Telegraph  Hill,  occupies  the  site  of  the  , 
“  Dorchester  Heights,”  on  whose  crest  Washington  planted  the  bat¬ 
teries  which  drove  the  British  out  of  Boston  in  March,  1776.  The 
spot  is  marked  by  a  granite  tablet.  An  institution  which  no  visitor 
should  fail  to  inspect  is  the  Perkms  Asylum  for  the  Blind ,  which  is 
described  in  Chapter  VI,  entitled  “  Educational  Institutions.” 
This  is  located  on  East  Broadway.  On  Old  Harbor  Street  is  Carney 
Hospital ,  described  in  Chapter  VII.  Of  the  Marine  Park ,  attract¬ 
ive  features  are  the  promenades  along  the  shore,  and  the  great  pier, 
commanding  delightful  views  of  the  harbor,  and  the  walks  and  drive¬ 
way  around  Old  Fort  Independence  on  Castle  Island,  which  is  com 
nected  with  the  mainland  by  a  bridge.  The  statue  of  Farragut,  by 


88 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


H.  H.  Kittson,  was  placed  here  in  1893.  This  is  a  great  yachting 
station,  and  several  clubs  have  their  handsome  club  houses  in  the 
neighborhood.  In  the  boat-building  yards  here  many  of  the  famous 
racers  were  built. 

The  Roxbury  District.  —  Street  cars  for  Roxbury  pass  Rowe’s 
Wharf  along  Atlantic  Avenue  to  Summer,  Summer  to  Washington, 
Washington  to  Boylston,  Boylston  to  Tremont,  and  Tremont  to 
Roxbury  Crossing.  Another  route  is  from  East  Boston  Ferry  via 
Hanover,  Washington,  and  Boylston  streets,  thence  via  Tremont  to 
Roxbury  Crossing. 

Roxbury  was  incorporated  as  a  town  but  a  few  days  after  Boston, 
and  when  it  became  a  part  of  Boston  in  January,  1868,  its  population 
numbered  28,400.  In  1890  its  numbers  had  increased  to  over  78,000, 
a  growth  of  50,000  in  twenty-two  years.  It  has  a  local  history  of 
which  it  is  proud,  but  most  of  its  interesting  old  landmarks  have  been 
swept  away.  It  is  now  a  pleasant  residence  quarter,  with  broad, 
shady  streets,  where  most  of  the  houses  are  detached.  Among  the 
points  of  interest  is  the  meeting-house  of  the  “  First  Religious  Society 
of  Roxbury,”  of  which  John  Eliot,  the  apostle  to  the  Indians,  was 
the  first  pastor.  This  takes  rank  in  age  next  after  the  First  Church 
in  Boston.  It  stands  in  Eliot  Square,  into  which  Dudley,  Roxbury, 
and  Highland  streets  converge,  occupying  the  site  of  the  first  meet¬ 
ing-house.  It  was  built  in  1804,  succeeding  the  fourth  meeting-house 
on  the  spot,  the  one  used  for  a  signal  station  by  the  Continentals  dur¬ 
ing  the  Siege  of  Boston.  The  architecture  and  the  finish  of  the  in¬ 
terior  have  been  carefully  preserved.  The  old  Universalist  Church, 
near  by,  stands  where  Gov.  Thomas  Dudley’s  house  stood.  The 
site  of  the  earthworks  thrown  up  in  1775,  called  the  Roxbury  High 
Fort,  which  crowned  the  Roxbury  lines  of  investment  during  the 
siege,  is  marked  by  the  Cochituate  standpipe  on  the  hill  between 
Beech  Glen  and  Fort  avenues.  This  structure,  erected  and  put  in 
use  in  1869,  was  intended  to  supply  high  service  to  those  parts  of  the 
city  which  were  at  the  higher  levels,  but  it  proved  adequate  to  the 
supply  of  the  whole  city,  and  thus  superseded  the  old  reservoir  on 
Beacon  Hill.  It  was  rendered  useless  by  the  Parker  Hill  reservoir 
subsequently  built,  but  latterly  has  been  converted  into  a  memorial 
observation  tower.  The  site  of  the  birthplace  of  Gen.  Joseph 
Warren,  on  Warren  Street,  is  marked  by  a  tablet  on  the  dwelling- 
house  now  occupying  the  spot.  The  old  graveyard  in  which  John 


IN  AND  AROUND  BOSTON . 


39 


Eliot  is  buried  is  on  the  corner  of  Washington  and  Eustis  streets. 
Here,  also,  are  the  graves  of  other  ministers  of  the  First  Parish  in 
Roxbury,  of  the  famous  Dudley  family,  and  of  the  father  of  Gen. 
Joseph  Warren  The  Dudley  tomb  is  near  the  Eustis  Street 
entrance.  Among  the  worthy  institutions  of  this  district  is  the  New 
England  Hospital  for  Women  and  Children,  on  Dimock  Street. 

The  Dorchester  District. — To  reach  Dorchester  via  Meeting 
House  Hill,  take  the  blue  cars  marked  “  Meeting  House  Hill”  and 
“  Dorchester”  on  signs.  These  cars  start  from  North  Station  and 
run  via  Washington,  Northampton,  Hampden,  and  Dudley  streets. 
To  reach  Dorchester  via  Grove  Hall,  take  the  green  car  marked 
“  Dorchester  ”  and  “Norfolk  Street”  on  signs.  These  cars  run  via 
Franklin,  Hawley,  Summer,  Washington,  and  Warren  streets. 
Passengers  via  the  elevated  may  also  transfer  at  Dudley  Street 
terminal. 

Dorchester,  incorporated  the  same  day  as  Boston,  has,  like  Rox¬ 
bury,  an  interesting  local  history.  It  became  a  part  of  Boston  in  1870, 
and,  in  spite  of  its  rapid  growth,  it  has  retained  many  of  the  features 
which  have  always  made  it  a  pleasant  place  for  suburban  residences. 
Its  picturesque  hills  —  Savin,  Jones’,  Pope’s,  and  Meeting  House,  and 
Mount  Bowdoin  —  command  extensive  water  and  land  views  and  are 
covered  with  costly  villas.  At  Upham’s  Corner  is  the  old  burying 
ground  (Dudley  and  Boston  streets)  where  are  the  graves  of  Richard 
Mather,  founder  of  the  Mather  family  in  this  country,  and  others 
distinguished"  in  the  history  of  Massachusetts.  At  Five  Corners  — 
Massachusetts  Avenue,  Boston,  Pond,  and  Cottage  streets — is  the 
old  Everett  House  where  Edward  Everett  was  born.  Meeting  House 
Hill  has  been  since  1670  the  site  of  the  successive  meeting-houses  of 
the  First  Parish  (now  Unitarian),  dating  from  1630.  The  present 
house  succeeds  one  built  in  1816  and  recently  destroyed  by  fire. 
At  Field’s  Corner  is  the  district  post  office  and  a  branch  of  the 
Boston  Public  Library.  The  Lower  Mills  village  is  at  the  southerly 
bounds  of  the  district  on  the  Neponset  River. 

The  Charlestown  District. — To  reach  Charlestown  via  Bunker 
Hill,  take  yellow  car  marked  “  Charlestown  ”  and  “  Bunker  Hill  ”  on 
signs.  Street  cars  for  Charlestown  may  also  be  taken  at  Scollay 
Square,  or  Subway  and  Elevated  Stations.  Charlestown  was  annexed 
to  Boston  in  1873,  and,  although  smaller  in  area  than  some  of  the  other 


40 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


additions,  it  is  one  of  the  richest  localities  in  historical  associations. 
Most  of  its  points  of  interest  can  be  compassed  in  a  short  walk;  but 
the  one  which  towers  above  all  the  others  is  Biaiker  Hill  Monument , 
on  Breed’s  Hill,  where  the  battle  celebrated  in  song  and  story  was 
fought.  The  monument  marks  the  lines  of  the  old  redoubt  and  is 
built  of  coarse  granite,  thirty  feet  square  at  the  base,  rising,  majestic¬ 
ally,  220  feet.  From  the  observatory  at  the  top  a  wide  view  of  the 
surrounding  country  may  be  obtained.  This  is  reached  by  a  spiral 
flight  of  stone  steps  inside  the  shaft,  and  the  visitor  who  intends  to 
make  the  ascent  will  be  interested  to  know  that  there  are  just  295 
of  these  steps.  In  the  building  at  the  base  of  the  monument  are 
interesting  memorials  of  the  battle,  and  an  excellent  statue  of  General 
Warren,  in  marble,  the  work  of  Henry  Dexter.  The  spot  where 
Warren  fell  is  marked  by  a  stone  in  the  grounds  near  by.  The 
bronze  statue  of  Colonel  Prescott,  in  the  main  path,  occupies  the  spot 
where  he  is  supposed  to  have  stood  at  the  opening  of  the  battle.  The 
Burner  Hill  Monument  was  begun  in  1825,  and  the  corner  stone  was 
laid  by  Lafayette.  Daniel  Webster  delivered  the  oration  at  this 
ceremony,  and  also  on  the  occasion  of  the  dedication  of  the  completed 
work,  June  17,  1843. 

The  Navy  Yard  at  “  Moulton’s  Point  ”  is  where  the  British  troops 
landed  for  the  fight  at  Bunker  Hill.  Its  present  area  is  about  eighty- 
seven  acres,  and  within  the  inclosure  are  large  and  costly  buildings. 
The  grounds  are  attractive,  with  two  broad  avenues  running  through 
them.  There  are  extensive  parks  for  cannon  and  shot,  a  parade 
ground,  marine  barracks,  store  and  ship  houses,  arsenal  and  maga¬ 
zine,  a  hammered  granite  dry  dock,  a  long  rope  walk,  a  museum,  a 
library,  and  the  homes  of  the  commandant  and  other  officers. 

The  yard  is  open  daily  to  visitors.  Passes  can  be  obtained  at  the 
main  gate  at  the  junction  of  Wapping  and  Water  streets.  Another 
feature  of  the  district  is  the  ancient  burying  ground  on  the  west  side 
(Phipps  Street,  off  Main  Street),  in  which  are  the  graves  of  Rev.  John 
Harvard,  the  first  benefactor  of  Harvard  College  ;  of  Thomas  Beecher, 
the  ancestor  of  the  famous  Beecher  family  in  America,  and  of  others 
prominent  among  the  early  settlers.  The  monument  in  this  grave¬ 
yard  to  the  memory  of  Harvard,  a  simple  granite  shaft,  was  set  up  in 
1828.  It  bears  the  following  inscription  in  Latin  : 

‘  ‘  That  one  who  merits  so  much  from  our  literary  men  should  no 
longer  be  without  a  monument,  however  humble,  the  graduates  of 


BUNKER  HILL  MONUMENT— Monument  Sq.,  Charlestown  District 


PARK  STREET  CHURCH — Corner  Tremont  and  Park  Streets. 


(42) 


IN  AND  ARO  UND  BOSTON . 


43 


the  University  of  Cambridge,  New  England,  have  erected  this  stone, 
nearly  200  years  after  his  death,  in  pious  and  perpetual  remembrance 
of  John  Harvard.” 

In  City  Square,  the  municipal  building  (the  City  Hall  before  annex¬ 
ation)  marks  the  site  of  the  “Great  House”  of  the  Governor,  in 
which  the  Court  of  Assistants  named  Boston.  Charlestown  is  dis¬ 
tinguished  as  the  birthplace  of  Samuel  F.  B.  Morse,  the  inventor  of 
the  electric  telegraph. 

The  West  Roxbury  District  includes  Jamaica  Plain,  and  is  the 
largest  and  most  picturesque  of  the  annexed  sections  of  the  city. 
Within  its  limits  are  the  greater  parks  of  the  public  parks  system  — 
Jamaicaway,  along  the  ornamented  banks  and  graceful  shores  of 
Jamaica  Pond;  the  Arnold  Arboretum;  and  Franklin  Park,  the 
crowning  feature  of  the  system;  the  Bussey  Institute,  and  beautiful 
Forest  Hills  Cemetery.  Jamaicaway  may  be  reached  from  the  city 
proper  by  electric  cars  to  Jamaica  Plain;  the  Bussey  and  the  Arbore¬ 
tum  by  electrics  through  the  Roxbury  District  to  Forest  Hills,  or  by 
the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  R.  R.  to  the  Forest  Hills 
Station;  and  Franklin  Park  by  the  last-mentioned  routes,  or  by 
electrics  to  Eggleston  Square,  in  the  Roxbury  District.  The  Bussey 
Institute  and  the  Arboretum  are  on  the  west  side  of  the  railroad, 
and  Forest  Hills  and  Franklin  Park  on  the  east  side. 

The  Brighton  District. —  (For  street  cars  to  this  district  see  Res¬ 
ervoir  and  Oak  Square  routes  under  heading:  “A  Few  Attractive 
Routes,”  in  Chapter  I.)  This  is  a  region  of  breezy,  commanding 
hills,  of  broad  and  attractive  streets,  and  pleasant  homes.  Two  mag¬ 
nificent  boulevards  from  the  Back  Bay  —  Commonwealth  Avenue 
and  Beacon  Street  —  extend  into  it,  and  one  of  the  most  popular 
drives  is  to  Chestnut  Hill  Reservoir  (connected  with  the  Boston 
Water  Works),  a  pleasure  resort  which  lies  within  its  limits.  A  beau¬ 
tiful  driveway,  from  sixty  to  eighty  feet  in  width,  surrounds  this 
work,  in  some  parts  running  close  to  the  embankment,  and  in  others 
leaving  it  and  rising  to  a  higher  level,  at  a  little  distance  from  which 
a  view  of  the  entire  reservoir  can  be  had.  The  work  covers  more 
than  200  acres.  It  is  a  double  reservoir,  being  divided  by  a  water¬ 
tight  dam  into  two  basins.  The  surface  of  water  in  both  is  about 
125  acres,  and  when  filled  to  their  fullest  capacity  the  basins  hold 
about  800,000,000  gallons. 


44 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


Metropolitan  Boston. 

Lying  within  a  radius  of  ten  miles  of  the  City  Hall,  Boston,  are 
thirty  municipalities  whose  interests  are  so  closely  identified  with 
those  of  the  city  proper,  and  so  continuous  is  the  population  of  these 
sections  that  it  is  difficult  to  draw  a  boundary  line  and  say  where  one 
leaves  off  or  another  begins.  Within  this  metropolitan  district  are 
the  eleven  cities  of  Cambridge,  Lynn,  Somerville,  Chelsea,  Malden, 
Newton,  Waltham,  Quincy,  Everett,  Medford,  and  Woburn,  and  in 
these  cities  and  the  adjoining  towns  are  the  homes  of  thousands  of 
people  whose  business  interests  are  in  Boston,  and  who  daily  come  to 
their  work  in  the  city.  Many  of  these  towns  and  cities  are  already 
organized  into  administrative  districts.  Thus  the  Boston  Postal  Dis¬ 
trict  comprises  seven  municipalities,  the  Sewerage  District  contains 
eighteen  municipalities,  and  the  Park  District,  thirty-seven  munici¬ 
palities.  The  last  extends  beyond  the  limit  of  metropolitan  popula¬ 
tion  on  account  of  including  some  important  landscape  features. 
Legislation  is  now  under  consideration  which  looks  to  the  establish¬ 
ment  of  a  metropolitan  water  district  to  furnish  these  cities  and 
towns  with  an  adequate  supply  of  pure  water  from  the  Nashua 
River,  at  an  estimated  cost  of  nearly  $20,000,000.  To  this  metro¬ 
politan  district  is  aptly  given  the  name  of  “  Greater  Boston ,”  and  a 
“  Greater  Boston  Commission,”  appointed  under  recent  legislation,  is 
engaged  in  the  consideration  of  some  form  of  metropolitan  organ¬ 
ization,  which,  with  self-governing  powers  and  a  federalized  govern¬ 
ment  for  general  interests,  will  still  leave  the  various  municipalities 
independent  in  authority  in  purely  local  matters.  Each  of  these 
cities  has  its  distinguishing  and  interesting  features;  all  have  a  great 
variety  of  manufacturing  industries,  and  several  are  famous  in 
special  lines  —  as  Woburn  for  its  tanneries,  Waltham  for  watches, 
Lynn  for  shoes,  and  Chelsea  for  rubber  goods  and  art  tiles.  All 
have  charming  residence  quarters  and  are  connected  with  the  central 
city  by  fine  boulevards  and  parkways.  In  a  work  of  this  kind  it  is 
only  possible  to  give  the  prominent  features  of  those  localities  which 
will  prove  of  especial  benefit  to  the  tourist. 

Brookline  lies  south  of  the  great  Back  Bay  region  of  Boston,  and 
is  approached  by  the  stately  boulevards  of  that  quarter.  It  has  been 
called  the  most  beautiful  example  of  a  city’s  suburb  in  the  world. 
Here  are  delightful  walks  and  drives  among  charming  villas  and 
park -like  estates.  At  Clyde  Park  are  the  club-house  and  grounds  of 


IN  AND  ARO  UND  BOSTON. 


45 


the  Country  Club ,  an  organization  of  Bostonians,  members  of  leading 
clubs  in  town.  Those  desiring  more  detailed  information  about  the 
real  estate  interests,  should  consult  with  Mr.  Frank  A.  Russell,  113 
Devonshire  Street,  Boston,  or  1345  Beacon  Street,  Brookline. 

Cambridge,  with  over  80,000  inhabitants,  is  the  largest  of  the  out¬ 
lying  municipalities.  Famous,  in  the  first  place,  as  the  seat  of  the 
great  university,  it  has  many  associations  and  points  of  interest, 
which  attract  all  who  are  so  fortunate  as  to  visit  Boston.  The  Old 
Elm ,  under  which  Washington  stood  when  he  took  command  of  the 
Continental  Army  on  July  3,  1775,  is  still  standing  at  the  junction  of 
Mason  and  Garden  streets.  Not  far  away,  on  the  Watertown  road, 
near  Brattle  Street,  is  the  stately  house  where  the  General  made  his 
headquarters  —  the  mansion  of  the  Royalist,  Col.  John  Vassal,  who 
abandoned  it  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  In  after  years  it  was  the 
home  of  Longfellow  —  from  1837  until  his  death  in  1882.  Farther  on 
is  Elmwood,  the  birthplace  and  home  of  James  Russell  Lowell.  The 
historic  old  mansion-house  is  set  in  the  midst  of  trees  and  shrubbery, 
and  dates  from  about  1760.  The  poet’s  study,  where  he  wrote  nearly 
all  his  poems,  was  on  the  third  floor. 

Beautiful  Mount  Auburn ,  the  last  resting-place  of  so  many  of 
America’s  great  men  and  women,  is  partly  in  Cambridge  and 
partly  in  Watertown.  It  is  fully  described  at  the  end  of  this 
chapter. 

Cambridge  is  also  noted  as  being  the  first  place  in  this  country 
where  a  printing-press  was  set  up.  In  1639  a  press  was  brought  over 
from  England  and  put  in  operation  in  the  house  of  the  President, 
who  had  charge  of  it  for  many  years.  The  first  thing  printed  upon  it 
was  the  Freeman’s  Oath,  followed  by  an  Almanack  for  New  England, 
and  the  Psalms.  A  fragment  of  the  last-named  work  is  preserved  in 
the  college  library,  and  copies  of  it  may  still  be  seen  in  some  anti¬ 
quarian  libraries.  Cambridge  has  at  the  present  day  some  of  the 
largest  and  most  completely  furnished  printing-offices  in  America, 
conspicuous  among  which  are  the  Riverside  Press  and  the  University 
Press.  Noteworthy  among  the  public  buildings  of  Cambridge,  and 
conspicuous  pieces  of  architecture,  are  the  City  Hall ,  on  Main  Street 
and  the  Public  Library ,  on  Broadway  and  Irving  Street.  Both 
these  buildings  and  the  lot  on  which  the  library  stands,  known  as 
Library  Common,  were  gifts  to  the  city  from  Frederick  H.  Rindge 
<>f  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  a  former  resident  of  Cambridge.  The  public 


4 


46 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Manual  Training  School ,  on  Irving  Street,  opposite  the  library,  was 
also  established  and  equipped  for  use  by  Mr.  Rindge. 

Newton,  the  “  Garden  City,”  ranks  next  to  Brookline  as  a  beautiful 
suburb.  It  is  reached  by  the  Boston  &  Albany  Railroad  or  by  street 
cars.  (See  “Attractive  Routes,”  Chapter  I.)  Between  Riverside  Sta¬ 
tion  and  Waltham,  on  the  Charles  River,  is  the  principal  fresh-water 
boating  ground. 

Somerville  is  the  third  of  the  suburban  cities  in  population.  Its 
points  of  historic  interest  are  Prospect  Hill  and  Winter  Hill,  where  a 
redoubt  and  breastworks  were  constructed  by  the  Americans  in  1775, 
and  in  the  “  Old  Powder  Tower”  will  be  found  an  interesting 
Colonial  relic. 

At  Medford,  the  seat  of  Tuft’s  College,  which  occupies  College  Hill, 
are  many  fine  old  houses,  conspicuous  among  them  being  the  Cradock 
and  Royall  houses,  among  the  oldest  buildings  in  New  England. 

Lynn,  the  second  of  the  suburban  cities  in  population,  is  the  largest 
shoe-manufacturing  town  in  the  United  States,  and  the  seat  of  one  of 
the  greatest  electric  industries.  Its  seaside  and  rural  surroundings  are 
very  beautiful,  and  the  neighborhood  of  its  fine  beach  is  a  delightful 
residential  section.  Lynn  Woods,  with  2,000  acres,  is  the  second 
largest  public  pleasure-ground  belonging  to  any  city  in  the  country. 

Salem,  sixteen  miles  northwest  from  Boston,  is  reached  by  the  Bos¬ 
ton  &  Maine  Railroad,  or  by  the  Boston  &  Northern  Street  Railway. 
It  is  an  extremely  interesting  old  city,  abounding  in  historical  associ¬ 
ations.  Tourists  will  be  interested  in  the  old  Roger  Williams  house , 
which  is  still  standing  at  the  corner  of  North  and  Essex  streets,  and 
which  is  noted  as  the  building  in  which  some  of  the  persons  charged 
with  making  use  of  the  dark  art  of  witchcraft  were  examined. 
Gallows  Hill ,  where  the  execution  of  witches  took  place,  is  in  the 
western  part  of  the  city.  But  the  associations  clustering  about  the 
scenes  of  Hawthorne’s  romances  are  more  potent  in  their  attraction 
for  tourists  than  even  historical  facts.  The  house  on  Mail  Street, 
where  Hawthorne  wrote  “  The  Scarlet  Letter,”  is  standing.  The 
Custom  House  desk  of  pine,  where  he  made  his  first  rough  draft  of 
“  The  Scarlet  Letter,”  is  sacredly  preserved  in  the  reconstructed  old 
First  Church.  Another  building,  the  Ingersoll  house,  dating  from 
1662,  is  called  “The  House  of  the  Seven  Gables,”  although  Haw¬ 
thorne  declared  that  he  drew  entirely  upon  his  imagination  for  the 
site  of  his  Puncheon  mansion. 


STATUE  OF  MINUTE  MAN-Concord  Battle  Field 


(47) 


s  . .  ORGANIZED  1851  — 

Berkshire  Life  Insurance  Co. 

PITTSFIELD,  MASS. 

JAMES  W.  HULL,  Pres.  WILLIAM  WYMAN,  Vice-Pres.  &  Treas. 
J.  M.  LEE,  Actuary  THEODORE  L.  ALLEN,  Secretary 

ROBERT  H.  DAVENPORT,  Assistant  Secretary 

ITS  POLICIES  ARE  PROTECTED  BY  THE  NON¬ 
FORFEITURE  LAWS  OF  THE  COMMON¬ 
WEALTH  OF  MASSACHUSETTS 


EASTERN  MASSACHUSETTS  AGENCY, 

79  Milk  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

LEON  F.  FOSS,  GENERAL  AGENT 

Map  of  Berkshire  County,  showing  roads,  schools,  churches, 
and  points  of  interest,  sent  free  on  application 
to  home  office  or  any  agent. 


Hotel  Raymond 

4  2  East  2  8th  Street  :  :  :  :  New  York 


Centrally  located  near  the 
theatre  and  shopping  dis¬ 
tricts 

Adjoining  subway  and  con¬ 
venient  to  all  car  lines 

QUIET 

HOMELIKE  and 
REFINED 

Rooms,  .  $1.00  per  day  up 
With  privilege  of  hath 

Rooms,  .  $1.50  per  day  up 

With  private  bath 


MARK  A.  CAD  WELL 


IN  AND  AROUND  BOSTON. 


49 


Salem  is  the  county  seat  of  Essex  County.  A  State  normal  school 
is  located  here,  and  among  other  institutions  are  the  Essex  Institute 
and  the  East  India  Marine  Hall.  The  latter  contains  the  fine  ethno¬ 
logical  museum  of  the  Marine  Society. 

Of  the  suburbs  south  of  the  Dorchester  District,  Hyde  Park  is 
attractively  set  in  the  Neponset  Valley;  Milton  is  a  town  of  quiet 
beauty  and  park-like  character,  including  the  wild  and  picturesque 
Blue  Hills,  the  greatest  elevations  in  Eastern  Massachusetts,  which 
command  far-reaching  coast  and  inland  views.  Quincy  is  famous  as 
the  birthplace  of  two  presidents  of  the  United  States  and  the  home 
of  several  notable  families.  Its  old  stone  church  contains  the  tombs 
of  the  presidents.  The  public  library,  known  as  the  Crane  Memorial, 
designed  by  Richardson,  is  among  its  features. 

Concord  is  a  picturesque  old  town,  nineteen  miles  from  Boston, 
and  it  may  be  reached  by  either  the  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad  or  by 
trolley.  Tourists  will  find  here  many  objects  of  historical  and  literary 
interest.  Concord  is  revered,  not  only  because 

“By  the  rude  bridge  that  arched  the  flood, 

Their  flag  to  April’s  breeze  unfurled, 

Here  once  the  embattled  farmers  stood 
And  fired  the  shot  heard  round  the  world,” 

but  because  here  lived  Nathaniel  Hawthorne,  Thoreau,  Emerson,  and 
the  lamented  Louisa  M.  Alcott. 

On  the  shore  of  Lake  Walden,  one  of  the  most  beautiful  sheets  of 
water  in  New  England,  is  a  pile  of  stones  marking  the  spot  where 
was  located  the  hut  in  which  Thoreau  lived  for  some  time.  Haw¬ 
thorne  wrote  in  his  note-book: 

“  The  scenery  of  Concord,  as  I  beheld  it  from  the  summits  of  the 
hills,  has  no  very  marked  characteristics,  but  has  a  good  deal  of  quiet 
beauty  in  keeping  with  the  river.  There  are  broad  and  peaceful  mead¬ 
ows,  which  I  think  are  among  the  most  satisfying  objects  in  natural 
scenery.  The  heart  reposes  on  them  with  a  feeling  that  few  things 
else  can  give,  because  almost  all  other  objects  are  abrupt  and  clearly 
defined;  but  a  meadow  stretches  out  like  a  small  infinity,  yet  with  a 
secure  homeliness  which  we  do  not  find  either  in  an  expanse  of 
water  or  air.  The  hills  which  border  these  meadows  are  wide  swells 
of  land,  or  long  and  gradual  ridges,  some  of  them  densely  covered 
with  woods.” 


50 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


The  places  which  the  visitor  will  especially  enjoy  seeing  are  the 
“  Old  Manse,”  the  Concord  Monument,  the  graves  of  the  British 
soldiers  who  fell  in  the  memorable  battle  of  April  19,  1775,  and  the 
Davis  Museum  of  relics  in  the  Old  Court  House. 

Cemeteries. 

The  cemeteries  now  in  use  are  all  situated  in  the  outskirts  of  Bos¬ 
ton.  The  city,  several  years  ago,  forbade,  by  ordinance,  all  burials  in 
graves  within  the  old  city  limits.  The  ancient  burying  grounds  are 
described  in  the  chapter  on  “  Old  Landmarks.” 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  cemeteries  now  in  use  in  the  city,  or 
which  have  offices  in  the  city: 

Catholic  Cemetery ,  Roxbury  District,  Fenwick  Street. 

Cedar  Grove ,  Dorchester  District,  between  Milton,  Adams,  and 
Granite  streets. 

East  Boston  Cemetery ,  East  Boston,  Swift,  corner  Bennington 
Street. 

Evergreen  Cemetery ,  Brighton  District,  near  Chestnut  Hill 
Reservoir. 

Forest  Hills  Cemetery ,  Jamaica  Plain  District,  Morton  Street. 

Gethsemane  Cemetery,  West  Roxbury  District,  Brook  Farm, 
Baker  Street. 

Hand-in-Hand  Cemetery ,  West  Roxbury  District,  Grove  Street. 
A  Hebrew  burying  ground. 

Israeltish  Burying  Ground,  East  Boston,  Byron,  corner  Homer 
Street. 

Mount  Auburn  Cemetery,  in  Cambrige  and  Watertown. 

Mount  Benedict  Cemetery ,  West  Roxbury  District,  Arnold 
Street. 

Mount  Calvary  Cemetery ,  West  Roxbury  District,  Mount  Hope 
Street,  near  Canterbury. 

Mount  Hope  Cemetery ,  West  Roxbury  District,  Walk  Hill  Street. 

St.  Augustine  Ce7netery ,  Dorchester  Street,  South  Boston. 

Warren  Ce7netery ,  Roxbury  District,  Kearsarge  Avenue. 

Woodlawn  Cemetery ,  Everett. 

The  only  cemeteries  which  have  more  than  a  local  interest  are 
Mount  Auburn  and  Forest  Hills. 

Mount  Auburn  Cemetery ,  the  most  widely-known  burial- 
place  in  this  country,  is  partly  in  Cambridge  and  partly  in 
Watertown.  It  is  reached  by  street  cars  marked  “Cambridge” 
on  dasher,  and  “Mount  Auburn  and  Newton”  on  end  signs,  which 
start  from  the  Subway  and  Bowdoin  Square,  passing  through 
Massachusetts  Avenue  and  Harvard  Street,  Harvard  Square,  and 
Brattle  Street.  This  beautiful  resting-place  of  the  dead  was 


IN  AND  AROUND  BOSTON. 


51 


consecrated  in  1831.  Containing  about  125  acres,  it  has  more  than 
thirty  miles  of  avenues  and  paths.  This  is  the  oldest  garden 
cemetery  in  the  United  States,  and  was  first  established  by  the 
Massachusetts  Horticultural  Association,  in  connection  with  an 
experimental  garden.  The  place  was  first  known  as  Stone’s  Woods, 
and  was  much  frequented  on  account  of  its  rural  attractions.  The 
diversified  surface,  with  its  wooded  hills,  quiet  vales,  and  verdure- 
wreathed  ponds,  gives  unusual  opportunities  to  the  landscape  archi¬ 
tect.  On  the  top  of  the  highest  hill  is  a  stone  tower,  from  which  an 
extensive  view  of  the  surrounding  country  is  to  be  had.  Mount 
Auburn  is  the  shrine  to  which  many  pilgrims  come,  because  of  the 
eminent  dead  who  are  buried  here. 

Passing  through  the  Egyptian  entrance  gate,  and  following  the 
first  roadway  to  the  left,  we  reach,  after  a  short  walk,  the  grave  of 
James  Russell  Lowell,  under  the  shade  of  a  tall  hornbeam  tree.  The 
grave  is  simply  marked  by  an  old-fashioned  slate  slab,  with  angel’s 
head  and  wings,  and  bears  the  following  inscription: 

Sacred  to  the  memory 
of 

James  Russell  Lowell. 

Born  1819.  Died  1891. 

And  of  his  wife, 

Maria  White. 

Born  1821.  Died  1853. 

And  also  of  his  second  wife, 

Frances  Dunlap. 

Born  1825.  Died  1885. 

Near  by  are  the  names  of  two  of  his  children  :  Blanche,  “a  lily  of 
a  day,”  1847,  and  Rose,  1849.1850. 

Ascending  the  path  just  beyond  to  Indian  Ridge,  directly  behind 
Lowell’s  grave,  at  the  entrance  to  Catalpa  Path,  we  stand  before  a 
sculptured  marble  sarcophagus  bearing  the  single  name,  Longfellow. 
On  the  same  ridge  is  Motley’s  grave,  in  the  Motley  family  lot.  Fol¬ 
lowing  Catalpa  Path,  but  bearing  to  the  west  and  crossing  Central 
and  Cyprus  avenues,  we  come  to  the  granite  Sphinx,  by  Martin 
Milmore.  This  masterly  work,  the  gift  of  Jacob  Bigelow,  in  1872, 
stands  in  front  of  the  Gothic  granite  chapel,  and  is  a  memorial  of  those 
who  died  for  the  Union.  Leaving  the  Sphinx  and  following  Cyprus 
to  Walnut  Avenue,  we  approach  the  tower  before  mentioned.  In  the 
neighborhood  of  the  tower,  on  Walnut  Avenue,  is  the  red  stone 


52 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


sarcophagus  of  the  great  orator,  Rufus  Choate.  Near  the  tower  are 
also  the  graves  of  Edwin  Booth  (Anemone  Path),  Charlotte  Cushman 
(Palm  Avenue),  Charles  Sumner  (Arethusa  Path),  and  Edward  Everett 
(Magnolia  Avenue).  Near  the  base  of  the  tower  is  Pyrola  Path,  lead¬ 
ing  from  Walnut  Avenue  to  the  Fuller  lot,  on  which  is  the  monument 
raised  to  the  memory  of  Margaret  Fuller  and  her  husband,  the 
Marquis  Ossoli  of  Italy.  Just  beyond,  on  Bellwort  Avenue,  is  the 
grave  of  Agassiz,  marked  by  a  rough-hewn  granite  boulder,  brought 
from  the  glacier  of  the  Aar  in  Switzerland.  The  grave  of  Phillips 
Brooks  is  on  Menoza  Path,  from  Spruce  Avenue,  a  short  walk  from 
the  chapel. 

Other  interesting  graves  are  those  of  President  Jared  Sparks, 
historian  (Garden  Avenue);  Anson  Burlingame  (Spruce  Avenue),  John 
G.  Palfrey,  historian  (Sweetbriar  Path);  President  Josiah  Quincy, 
(Sweetbriar  Path),  “  Fanny  Fern,”  sister  of  N.  P.  Willis  (Eglantine 
Path,  leading  from  Fir  to  Spruce);  James  T.  Fields  (Elder  Path,  lead¬ 
ing  from  Wain  it  to  Spruce),  Rev.  William  Ellery  Channing  (Green- 
briar  Path,  le  .ding  from  Pine  Avenue),  and  Henry  F.  Durant,  founder 
of  Wellesley  College  (Osier  Path,  leading  from  Willow  Avenue  to 
Indian  Ridge  Path). 

Of  the  statuary  at  Mount  Auburn,  that  within  the  chapel  is  the 
most  noteworthy — the  figures,  in  marble,  of  John  Winthrop,  by 
Horatio  Greenough,  modeled  in  1856  ;  of  James  Otis,  by  Thomas 
Crawford,  of  the  same  date  ;  of  John  Adams,  by  Randolph  Rogers, 
1859;  and  of  Joseph  Story,  by  his  son,  William  W.  Story,  1853.  The 
bronze  statue  of  Nathaniel  Bowditch,  at  the  left  of  the  avenue  lead¬ 
ing  from  the  entrance  gates  to  the  chapel,  is  by  Ball  Hughes. 

Forest  Hills  Cemetery. — This  beautiful  cemetery  is  near  the  Forest 
Hills  Station  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  Railway. 
It  is  also  reached  by  the  Forest  Hills  line  of  electric  cars  and  Eleva¬ 
ted  road.  The  gateway,  constructed  of  Roxbury  stone  and  Cale¬ 
donia  freestone,  is  a  unique  piece  of  work.  On  the  front,  in  golden 
letters,  is  the  inscription: 

I  AM  THE  RESURRECTION  AND  THE  LIFE. 

And  on  the  inner  face — 

He  that  keepeth  thee  will  not  slumber. 

The  grounds  of  the  cemetery  are  very  picturesque,  with  hills  and 
dales,  woods  and  greensward,  and  pretty  sheets  of  water.  Among 
its  interesting  memorials,  on  the  summit  of  Mount  Warren,  is  the 


IN  AND  AROUND  BOSTON. 


53 


tomb  of  Gen.  Joseph  Warren,  the  hero  of  Bunker  Hill  ;  on  Dearborn 
Hill  is  the  monument  of  Gen.  H.  A.  S.  Dearborn,  who  laid  out  the 
grounds  ;  the  grave  of  Rear-Admiral  Winslow,  in  Orange  Path, 
marked  by  a  block  of  rough  granite  from  Kearsarge  Mountain  ;  a 
granite  monument  marks  the  grave  of  Rear-Admiral  Henry  Rnox 
Thatcher,  on  Tantana  Path  ;  in  near  neighborhood  are  the  graves  of 
William  Lloyd  Garrison  (on  Smilax  Path),  James  Freeman  Clarke 
(Ageratum  Path),  and  J.  M.  Manning,  pastor  of  the  Old  South  Church 
from  1857  to  1882  ;  in  close  neighborhood,  also,  are  graves  of  John 
Gilbert,  the  actor  (Brook  Path),  and  E.  L.  Davenport  (Arethusa 
Path),  the  latter  marked  by  a  marble  memorial,  placed  by  his  daugh¬ 
ter,  Fanny  Davenport,  in  1880.  The  grave  of  Oliver  Ditson,  the 
music  publisher,  is  marked  by  Thomas  Ball’s  beautiful  ideal  figure  of 
St.  John.  In  the  Soldiers’  Lot  is  the  Soldiers’  Monument,  erected 
by  the  city  of  Roxbury,  and  designed  by  Martin  Milmore.  The  most 
notable  piece  of  sculpture  in  the  cemetery  is  the  memorial  to  Martin 
Milmore  and  his  younger  brother,  James,  who  died  several  years  before 
him.  It  is  on  Cypress  and  Poplar  avenues,  and  is  the  work  of  Daniel 
C.  French.  It  represents  the  Angel  of  Death  staying  the  hand  of  the 
sculptor,  and  it  received  a  medal  of  the  third  class  in  the  Paris  Salon 
of  1891. 


III. 

THE  CITY’S  PARKS  AND  SQUARES. 


The  Common. —  Of  the  many  urban  parks  and  squares  the  one 
which  will  first  claim  the  attention  of  the  visitor  is  the  dear  old  Com¬ 
mon,  which,  since  the  settlement  of  the  town,  has  been  set  apart  for  the 
use  and  pleasure  of  all  the  people.  In  1640  a  vote  was  passed  by  the 
town  that,  with  the  exception  of  “  3  or  4  lotts  to  make  up  ye  streete 
from  bro  Robte  Walkers  to  ye  Round  Marsh,”  no  more  land  should 
be  taken  from  the  Common,  and  the  power  of  this  vote,  and  the 
loyalty  of  the  citizens  in  upholding  it,  kept  the  Common  sacred  to 
the  uses  of  the  people.  When  the  city  charter  was  adopted  the  right 
to  alienate  any  portion  of  the  enclosure  was  withheld  from  the  city 
government. 

In  the  early  days  the  Common  was  used  as  a  pasture  and  training 
field;  but  that  the  people  enjoyed  it  then  very  much  as  later  genera¬ 
tions  do  is  shown  by  the  following  extract  from  an  “Account  of  Two 
Voyages,”  published  in  London  in  1675  :  “  On  the  south  there  is  a 
small  but  pleasant  Commons,  where  the  gallants,  a  little  before  sunset, 
walk  with  their  Marmalet- Madams,  as  we  do  in  Moorfields,  etc., 
till  the  nine  o’clock  bell  brings  them  home  to  their  respective  habita¬ 
tions,  when  presently  the  constables  walk  their  rounds  to  see  good 
orders  kept,  and  to  take  up  loose  people.”  Before  and  long  after 
this  the  Common  was  the  usual  place  for  executions.  People  accused 
of  witchcraft,  murderers,  pirates,  and  other  malefactors  here  met  their 
doom.  But  in  1812  a  memorial,  signed  by  a  large  number  of  citizens, 
induced  the  selectmen  to  order  that  the  Common  should  no  longer 
be  used  for  such  a  purpose.  The  level  ground  east  of  Charles  Street 
has  been  used  from  the  very  earliest  times  as  a  parade-ground. 
Here  take  place  the  annual  parade  and  drumhead  election  of  the 

(54) 


56 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  the  oldest  military 
organization  in  the  country,  and  here  the  Governor  delivers  to  the 
newly  elected  officers  their  commissions  for  the  year. 

The  present  area  of  the  Common  is  about  forty-eight  acres, 
bounded  by  Tremont,  Park,  Beacon,  Charles,  and  Boylston  streets. 
It  is  inclosed  by  an  iron  fence,  and,  with  its  broad  and  shaded  walks 
and  grand  old  elms,  it  is  a  veritable  blessing  to  those  who  cross  it  for 
business  or  pleasure  ;  in  summer,  a  green  and  quiet  refuge  into 
which  one  may  escape  from  the  glare,  the  heat,  and  the  rush  of  the 
town  ;  and  in  winter  in  its  snowy  drapery  affording  equally  beautiful 
and  restful  views.  One  of  the  conspicuous  objects  in  the  Common, 
scandmg  near  the  Park  Street  mall,  is  the  Brewer  Fountain ,  the 
gift  to  the  city  of  the  late  Gardner  Brewer,  Esq.,  which  began  to  play 
for  the  first  time  on  June  3,  1868.  It  is  a  copy  in  bronze  of  a  fount¬ 
ain  designed  by  the  French  artist  Lienard,  executed  for  the  Paris 
World’s  Fair  of  1855,  where  it  was  awarded  a  gold  medal.  The 
figures  at  the  base  represent  Neptune  and  Amphitrite,  Acis 
and  Galatea.  The  Army  and  Navy  M onument,  on  the  hill  by  the 
Frog  Pond ,  occupies  historic  ground.  Here  the  BrLish  constructed 
a  redoubt  during  the  Siege,  when  the  Common,  with  earthworks  on 
its  highest  points,  was  the  British  camp.  The  platform  of  the 
monument,  thirty-eight  feet  square,  rests  on  a  solid  bed  of  masonry 
sixteen  feet  deep.  The  four  bronze  statues,  on  the  projecting 
pedestals,  represent  Peace,  a  female  figure  bearing  an  olive  branch, 
with  eyes  turned  to  the  south;  the  sailor,  carrying  a  drawn  cutlass, 
looking  toward  the  sea;  History,  another  female  figure  holding  a 
tablet  and  stylus,  and  looking  upward;  and  the  soldier,  a  federal 
infantryman,  the  best  figure  on  the  monument,  standing  at  ease. 
The  four  large  bronze  reliefs  between  the  pedestals  represent 
“The  Departure  for  the  War,”  “The  Sanitary  Commission,”  “The 
Return  from  the  War,”  and  “The  Departure  of  the  Sailor  from 
Home.”  The  main  shaft  of  the  monument,  a  Roman-Doric  column 
of  white  granite,  rises  from  the  pedestal  between  the  statues. 
The  four  allegorical  figures  at  its  base  represent  the  North,  South, 
East,  and  West.  The  shaft  is  crowned  by  a  female  figure,  eleven 
feet  high,  representing  the  “Genius  of  America.”  In  one  hand  she 
grasps  the  American  flag,  in  the  other  a  drawn  sword  and  laurel 
wreath.  The  monument  bears  an  eloquent  inscription,  written  by 
President  Eliot  of  Harvard  College.  This  monument  was  designed 


•v>\. 


COMMEMORATING  THE  BOSTON  MASSACRE  OF  1  770  — 
The  Common  nearTremont  Street. 


(57) 


■  ■  ■ 


-wr 


SOLDIERS’  AND  SAILORS’  MONUMENT— The  Common. 


(58) 


THE  CITY'S  PATHS  AND  SQUARES. 


59 


by  the  late  Martin  Milmore,  and  cost  the  city  $75,000.  It  was  dedi¬ 
cated  with  great  pomp  on  September  17,  1877. 

The  monument  by  Robt.  Kraus,  which  commemorates  the  “Boston 
Massacre  of  1770'”  stands  near  the  Tremont  Street  mall,  near  West 
and  Boylston  Streets.  On  the  front  of  the  granite  shaft  is  a  figure 
typifying  ‘  Revolution  Breaking  the  Chains.”  The  bas-relief  on  the 
base  represents  the  scene  of  the  massacre  as  it  was  presented  in  an 
old  plate  published  in  London,  with  a  “Short  Narrative.”  On  one 

corner  of  the  relief  are  these  words: 

From  that  moment  we  may  date  the  severance  of  the 
British  Empire. — Daniel  Webster. 

On  the  shaft  are  cut  the  names  of  the  victims  of  the  massacre.  The 
monument,  erected  by  the  State,  was  dedicated  on  November  14, 
1888,  on  which  occasion  the  late  John  Boyle  O’Reilly  was  the  poet. 

On  the  Boylston  Street  side  of  the  Common  is  the  old  Central 
Burying  Ground,  described  in  the  chapter  entitled  “  Old  Landmarks.” 

The  Shaw  Memorial  is  the  most  recent,  and  is  regarded  as  the 
most  artistic  and  beautiful  ornament  to  the  Common.  It  stands  im¬ 
mediately  in  front  of  the  State  House,  at  the  corner  of  Beacon  and 
Park  streets,  and  is  a  monument  to  Colonel  Shaw,  who  was  com¬ 
mander  of  the  first  Massachusetts  regiment  of  colored  men  which 
fought  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  and  who  lost  his  life  on  the  field 
of  battle.  It  is  the  work  of  the  late  Augustus  St.  Gaudens,  and  is  in 
the  form  of  a  sort  of  shrine,  bearing  many  inscriptions  and  sur¬ 
mounted  by  a  bronze  group,  facing  Beacon  Street,  and  enclosed  with¬ 
in  a  stone  canopy.  This  represents,  in  life  size,  Colonel  Shaw 
mounted  and  riding  beside  a  column  of  his  troops.  The  action  of  the 
crowded  figures  is  exceedingly  spirited,  and  the  whole  forms  a  work 
of  art  of  great  importance  and  beauty. 

The  Public  Garden,  containing  about  twenty-four  and  a  quarter 
acres,  was  formerly  a  “  marsh  at  the  bottom  of  the  Common,  and 
from  1791  to  1819  wras  occupied  by  ropewalks,  the  land  having  been 
granted  by  the  city  for  this  purpose.  These  ropewalks  were  burned 
in  the  latter  year,  and,  the  lands  having  become  valuable,  tlieii 
owners  were  about  to  divide  and  sell  the  tract  in  lots  foi  dwelling  and 
business  purposes.  This  aroused  the  citizens,  wdio  made  such  effective 
resistance  that,  in  1824,  the  city  bought  for  $55,000  w^hat  it  had  gi\  en 
away  in  1791.  It  was  then  decided  to  establish  a  public  garden  heie, 


60 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


but  the  matter  lagged  for  several  years  and  little  was  done  until  1859, 
when  an  act  of  the  Legislature  and  the  vote  of  the  city  finally  settled 
the  question.  In  1839  a  number  of  citizens  established  a  Botanic 
Garden  near  the  corner  of  Beacon  and  Charles  streets.  The  garden 
was  successful  for  a  few  years,  until  its  conservatory  was  destroyed 
by  fire.  The  irregular  artificial  pond  in  the  center  of  the  garden  con¬ 
tains  a  trifle  less  than  four  acres,  and  was  constructed  in  1859.  It  is 
spanned  by  a  ponderous  iron  and  stone  bridge,  which  has  been  styled  ‘ 
by  the  local  wits  the  “  Bridge  of  Size.”  The  city  annually  makes 
liberal  appropriations  for  the  maintenance  of  the  garden.  It  con¬ 
tains  many  varieties  of  ornamental  trees  and  shrubs,  and  in  the 
season  of  flowers  thousands  of  bedded  plants  are  displayed. 

The  sculpture  exhibited  in  the  Public  Garden  does  not  particularly 
enhance  its  beauty.  The  best  piece  of  work  is  the  equestrian  statue 
of  Washington,  by  Thomas  Ball,  which  stands  in  the  central  path, 
near  the  Arlington  Street  entrance.  This  statue,  which  it  took  the 
sculptor  three  years  to  model,  was  unveiled  January  29,  1869.  It  is 
considered  one  of  the  half-dozen  really  great  equestrian  statues 
which  the  world  possesses.  There  are  few  people  to-day  who  appre¬ 
ciate  the  size  of  the  statue.  The  extreme  length  of  the  group  is 
16  feet,  height  16  feet;  the  height  of  the  figure  of  Washington 
is  12  feet.  The  pedestal,  of  Quincy  granite,  was  designed  by  Ham- 
met  Billings,  and  is  15  feet  in  height  and  18  feet  in  length. 
The  total  cost  of  the  work  was  $42,000.  It  was  cast  by  Silas  Mosman 
of  the  Ames  Manufacturing  Company  at  Chicopee.  The  reader  may 
form  some  idea  of  its  size  when  he  knows  that  a  tall  man  may  stand 
under  the  barrel  of  the  horse.  To  see  it  to  advantage,  one  ought  to 
be  at  least  100  feet  away  from  the  statue. 

Near  the  Washington  Statue  is  a  fountain,  whose  basin  is  adorned 
by  a  marble  “Venus  Rising  from  the  Sea.”  The  fountain  is  so 
arranged  as  to  throw,  when  in  action,  a  fine  spray  over  the  figure. 
Another  monument  on  the  Arlington  Street  side  of  the  garden  com¬ 
memorates  ‘  ‘  The  discovery  that  the  inhaling  of  ether  causes  insensi¬ 
bility  to  pain.”  This  monument,  the  work  of  J.  Q.  A.  Ward,  was  the 
gift  of  Thomas  Lee,  and  was  dedicated  in  June,  1S68.  It  is  of  granite 
and  red  marble,  and  the  ideal  figures  surmounting  the  shaft  illustrate 
the  story  of  the  “  Good  Samaritan.”  The  bas-reliefs  represent,  re¬ 
spectively,  a  surgical  operation,  the  patient  under  the  influence  of 
ether,  the  Angel  of  Mercy  descending  to  relieve  suffering  humanity, 


THE  CITY'S  PARKS  AND  SQUARES. 


61 


a  field  hospital,  with  a  wounded  soldier  in  the  care  of  the  surgeons, 
and  an  allegory  of  the  Triumph  of  Science.  On  the  Beacon  Street 
side  of  the  garden  is  the  Statue  of  Edward  Everett ,  by  W.  W. 
Story.  The  fund  for  this  statue  was  raised  by  a  public  subscription 
in  1865,  and  the  statue  was  presented  to  the  city  in  1867.  The  sculp¬ 
tor  has  endeavored  to  represent  Everett  in  the  attitude  of  the  orator  as 
he  spoke  the  words,  “  Washington,  the  guiding  star.” 

The  bronze  statue  of  Charles  Sumner,  on  the  Boylston  Street  side, 
represents  the  statesman  in  the  act  of  speaking,  with  a  roll  of  manu¬ 
script  in  the  left  hand,  the  right  hand  extended  downward  in  a  ges¬ 
ture.  This  statue  is  also  the  work  of  Thomas  Ball,  the  sculptor  of  the 
Washington.  It  was  erected  in  1878,  at  a  cost  of  $15,000,  raised  by 
subscription.  Near  the  Sumner  Statue  is  one  of  Thomas  Cass,  the 
brave  colonel  of  the  9th  Massachusetts  Volunteers.  This  was  pre¬ 
sented  to  the  city  by  the  Society  of  the  9th  Regiment. 

The  New  Public  Park  System. 

One  of  the  grandest  features  of  Boston  is  her  “  Public  Park  Sys¬ 
tem,”  which,  when  completed,  will  form  an  almost  unbroken  chain  of 
parks  and  parkways  from  Craigie’s  Bridge,  at  the  north  end,  to  City 
Point,  South  Boston.  The  park  commissioners  have  expended  over 
$11,000,000  upon  the  city’s  parks,  squares,  and  parkways,  and  no  peo¬ 
ple  in  the  world  are  so  bountifully  supplied  with  beautiful  and  ac¬ 
cessible  pleasure-grounds.  Every  section  of  the  city  is  included  in 
this  provision,  and  the  neighboring  cities  and  towns  are  not  to  be 
left  behind.  Thus,  Cambridge  is  building  a  system  of  riverside  and 
other  parks;  Newton,  Malden,  Waltham,  Brookline,  Quincy,  and 
Hyde  Park  have  fine  park  works  in  construction;  Lynn  has  a  public 
forest  of  2,000  acres  in  Lynn  Woods,  and,  in  addition  to  these,  there 
is  the  great  Metropolitan  system.  This  includes  3,200  acres  of  wilder¬ 
ness  at  Middlesex  Fells,  4,000  acres  at  the  Blue  Hills,  475  acres  at 
Stony  Brook  Woods,  a  small  reservation  at  Beaver  Brook,  the  pro¬ 
jected  Mystic  Valley  Parkway,  the  banks  of  the  Charles  to  be  pre¬ 
served  and  improved,  and  a  magnificent  ocean  shore  reservation 
partly  finished  at  Revere  Beach  and  Winthrop.  Altogether,  in  the 
Metropolitan  Parks  District,  Greater  Boston  already  has  between 
13,000  and  14,000  acres  devoted  to  public  uses  for  park  and  water  sup' 
ply  purposes. 


62 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


The  first  link  in  the  green  chain  encircling  the  city  is  Charlesbank, 
which  lies  along  the  river  front  on  Charles  Street,  between  Craigie’s 
and  the  new  Cambridge  bridges.  It  is  a  broad  promenade,  about  600 
feet  long,  bordered  by  trees  and  shrubs,  and  provided  with  public 
gymnasiums  and  baths  for  the  people’s  use,  and  the  playground  and 
sand  courts  for  the  children.  Charlesbank  is  ultimately  to  be  extended 
for  miles  along  the  river  and  past  the  Fens,  in  connection  with  the 
magnificent  Charles  River  Basin,  now  in  course  of  construction. 

The  Fens. — The  area  of  the  Fens  is  about  115  acres,  artistically 
laid  out  with  roads,  bridle-paths,  and  footpaths  along  the  waterway. 
The  main  entrance  to  the  Fens  is  by  the  way  of  Commonwealth 
Avenue  beyond  Massachusetts  Avenue.  Here  is  Miss  Whitney’s  ideal 
statue  of  Leif  Ericsson,  the  Norse  discoverer  of  America.  The 
inscription  reads : 


Leif 

The  Discoverer, 

Son  of  Erik, 

Who  sailed  from  Iceland 
And  landed  on  this  continent 
A.  D.  1000. 

The  farther  end  of  the  Fens  affords  wide  expanses  of  meadows, 
trees,  and  shrub-planted  slopes.  Of  the  bridges  which  span  the 
waterway,  the  stone  Boylston  Street  bridge  was  designed  by  the  late 
H.  H.  Richardson.  The  Fens  opens  the  parkway,  which  under  va¬ 
rious  names — as  Audubon  Road,  Fenway,  Riverway,  Jamaicaway,  and 
Arborway — winds  through  Longwood  and  Brookline,  along  the 
Muddy  River,  Leverett  Pond,  Ward’s  Pond,  and  Jamaica  Pond,  to  the 
Arnold  Arboretum  and  Franklin  Park. 

Leverett  Park. — This  section  of  the  parkway,  lying  between  Tre- 
mont  and  Perkins  streets,  comprises  sixty  acres  of  land  in  Boston 
and  fifteen  acres  in  Brookline,  and  contains  Leverett  Pond,  of  twelve 
acres,  Ward’s  Pond,  of  2.7  acres,  Willow  Pond,  and  a  number  of 
smaller  ponds  or  pools,  most  of  the  latter  being  provided  for  the 
proposed  Natural  History  Garden  which  it  is  expected  that  the 
Boston  Society  of  Natural  History  will  sometime  establish  here.  The 
practical  completion  of  this  park  opens  to  use  a  most  varied  and 
attractive  pleasure-resort,  with  the  scenery  of  a  sloping  valley  rising 
gradually  from  the  lake  at  its  lower  end  to  a  considerable  eminence 
at  its  head,  with  numerous  smaller  ponds  compassed  with  verdant 
banks  and  woodsides,  among  which  wind  the  paths,  ending  in  the 


THE  POND,  PUBLIC  GARDEN. 


4 


HERALD  SQUARE  HOTEL 

— -  -EUROPEAN  PLAN  = 


m 


THIRTY-FOURTH  ST. 

Just  West  of 
BROADWAY 

NEW  YORK  CITY 


NEW,  FIREPROOF 


r  -  .  ' 


Located  in  the  center  of 
the  retail  shopping  and 
theatre  districts 


Easy  of  access  from  all  parts 
of  the  city 


Room,  with  privilege  of  bath,  $1.50  per  day  and  upwards 
Room,  with  private  bath,  $2.00  per  day  and  upwards 
Restaurant  a  la  carte  Popular  club  breakfasts 


Cable  Address 
Wilderald 


C.  F.  Wildey  €i  Son,  Props. 


COSMOPOLITAN  HOTEL 


CHAMBERS  ST.  AND  WEST  BROADWAY 


NEW  YORK 


EUROPEAN  PLAN 


Rooms  $1.00  per  day  and  upwards.  Convenient  to  wholesale 
district.  Spacious  Restaurant  and  Lunch  Rooms.  Popular  prices. 
Easy  of  access  from  all  railroad  stations  and  ferries. 

CaMopoiitanSS  C.  F.  Wildey  <S  Son,  Props. 


THE  CITY'S  PARKS  AND  SQUARES. 


65 


sylvan  seclusion  of  Ward’s  Pond,  which  nestles  in  a  deep  depression 
between  the  wooded  knoll  and  the  high  ridge  of  Perkins  Street. 

Jamaica  Park,  comprising  about  120  acres,  which  encircles 
Jamaica  Pond,  is  one  of  the  loveliest  stretches  of  landscape  in  the  park 
system.  The  pond  covers  seventy  acres,  and  affords  an  ideal  place 
for  boating  in  the  summei  and  for  skating  in  the  winter.  The 
grounds  are  laid  out  in  walks  and  drives,  shelters  are  provided,  and 
the  Pinebank  Refectory  is  a  delightful  place  for  refreshment.  The 
views  across  the  water,  with  its  gently  curving,  wooded  shores,  are 
enchanting  and  worth  traveling  many  miles  to  enjoy.  And  all  this 
beauty  is  within  a  half-hour’s  drive  of  the  center  of  the  city.  Take 
the  electric  cars  for  Jamaica  Plain,  and,  leaving  the  car  at  the  corner 
of  Center  and  Pond  streets,  walk  a  short  distance  to  the  west  to  the 
beautiful  Jamaicaway  and  revel  in  the  charms  of  this  lovely  park. 

The  Arnold  Arboretum,  the  largest  and  finest  tree  museum  in  the 
world,  is  a  place  of  great  natural  beauty.  It  was  formerly  a  part  of 
the  estate  of  Benjamin  Bussey,  which  he  bequeathed  to  Harvard  Uni' 
versityfor  a  school  of  agriculture,  horticulture,  and  veterinary  science. 
The  Bussey  Institute  was  opened  in  1870,  and  two  years  later  the 
Arboretum  was  established.  It  was  named  in  honor  of  James  Arnold, 
a  wealthy  merchant  of  New  Bedford,  who  left  the  Arboretum  $100,000. 
The  Arboretum  contains  167  acres,  of  which  122  belonged  to  the 
Bussey  estate.  Under  an  agreement  between  the  university  and  the 
city  (to  hold  for  999  years),  the  university  maintains  and  develops  the 
Arboretum,  and  the  city  constructs  and  cares  for  its  roads  and  paths 
and  polices  it.  It  has  broad,  pleasant  driveways,  winding  footpaths, 
and  a  magnificent  piece  of  the  primeval  forest. 

Franklin  Park  embraces  about  600  acres  of  picturesque  country, 
whose  natural  beauties  have  not  been  disturbed  in  the  process  of 
opening  and  developing  the  territory  for  public  use.  The  broad 
drives  wind  among  woods  and  glades,  through  quiet  valleys,  and 
along  breezy  uplands  from  which  delightful  views  of  town  and 
country  can  be  enjoyed.  Among  its  attractive  features  are,  on  one 
side,  the  great  “  Playstead,”  the  “  Greeting,”  and  the  “  Deer  Park”; 
on  another  side  the  “Wilderness,”  and  on  the  “Country”  side 
“  Ellicottdale,”  the  “  Dairy,”  and  “  Sheepfold.” 

Roomy  and  comfortable  carriages  stand  at  the  Blue  Hill  Avenue 
entrance,  and  for  25  cents  one  may  take  a  seven-mile  drive  over 
perfect  roads,  which  takes  in  all  the  points  of  interest  in  the  park.  A 


66 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


bridge  to  carry  the  Forest  Hills  entrance  over  the  traffic  road,  leading 
from  Forest  Hills  Street  to  the  cemetery,  has  been  built,  thus  making 
the  connection  of  the  Arborway  with  the  drives  of  Franklin  Park 
complete. 

Ellicott  House,  at  the  entrance  to  the  playgrounds  of  Ellicottdale, 
has  been  open  to  the  public  since  1895.  Toilet,  bath,  dressing, 
and  check-rooms  are  provided  for  use  in  connection  with  the  tennis 
courts  laid  out  at  Ellicottdale.  A  long-expected  branch  of  the  electric 
railroad  has  been  extended  from  Washington  Street,  through 
Williams  Street  to  a  point  near  Ellicott  House,  and  thence  through 
Forest  Hills  Street  and  the  new  traffic  road  to  Forest  Hills  Cemetery; 
thence  by  way  of  Morton  Street  to  Washington  Street,  near  the 
Forest  Hills  Station.  This  loop  now  brings  passengers  to  the  gates 
of  the  park  on  its  western  border,  where  are  situated  its  most 
picturesque  picnic  grounds  and  rambles,  and  the  new  playground, 
and  has  proved  a  great  convenience  to  visitors.  These  cars  may  be 
taken  in  the  Subway. 

A  refectory  has  been  built  on  the  hill  near  the  junction  of  Bltts 
Hill  Avenue  and  Glen  Lane,  where  the  old  Gleason  House  formerly 
stood.  The  plans  provide  for  a  brick  and  terra-cotta  structure,  121 
feet  long  by  69  feet  wide,  containing  on  the  ground  level  a  large 
restaurant,  private  dining-room,  service-rooms,  toilet-rooms,  and 
staircases  leading  to  a  roof-garden,  which  forms,  in  effect,  a  second 
story,  having  pavilions  21  feet  square  upon  each  corner,  con¬ 
taining  stairs,  serving,  and  toilet  room.  These  pavilions  are  con¬ 
nected  by  covered  galleries  on  three  sides,  the  remainder  of  the 
space  being  open  to  the  sky. 

A  collection  of  fancy  pigeons,  including  archangels,  blondinettes, 
English  owls,  fantails,  tumblers,  magpies,  nuns,  and  turbits,  from 
the  estate  of  the  late  Edmund  Quincy  at  Isle  au  Haute,  was  presented 
to  the  department  by  Dr.  H.  P.  Quincy,  and  are  domiciled  at  the 
propagating  house  in  the  nursery  at  the  southerly  end  of  the  park. 
They  are  a  source  of  much  attraction  to  visitors.  A  flock  of  about 
200  sheep  also  attracts  considerable  notice,  and  is  a  popular 
feature  of  the  park,  the  herding  of  the  sheep  by  the  shepherd 
dogs  being  an  interesting  sight. 

Scarboro  Pond,  seven  acres  in  area,  adds  very  materially  to  the 
attractiveness  of  the  park.  Its  summer  level,  which  gives  it  a  depth 
of  eight  feet,  is  in  winter  lowered  to  a  depth  of  about  four  feet  to 
make  it  safe  for  skating. 


(67) 


68 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


The  beautiful  parkway  drive  ends  at  Franklin  Park,  but  begins 
again  in  the  Dorchesterway ,  which,  in  connection  with  the  strand¬ 
way,  opens  into  Marine  Park. 

Marine  Park,  on  South  Boston  Point,  includes  historic  Castle 
Island ,  and  is  connected  with  the  latter  by  bridge.  From  its  south¬ 
eastern  extremity  an  immense  pier,  1,300  feet  in  length,  has  been 
built  out  into  the  bay,  and  is  a  crowded  resort  on  pleasant  Sundays. 
A  head-house  was  built  at  the  shore  end  of  the  point.  This  build¬ 
ing  is  flanked  on  two  sides  by  raised  platforms  to  serve  as  prome¬ 
nades,  which  extend  to  the  iron  pier,  and  below  and  between 
which  bath  houses  are  located.  The  house  contains  a  general  wait¬ 
ing-room  on  the  ground  or  terrazzo  floor,  with  men’s  and  women’s 
waiting  and  dressing  rooms  and  bath  toilets,  the  spaces  under  the 
promenades  being  devoted  to  offices  for  the  police  and  a  foreman’s 
and  workmen’s  rooms.  On  the  second  floor  two  large  cafes,  con¬ 
nected  by  a  corridor  and  service  rooms,  adjoin  the  promenades,  the 
rest  of  this  floor  being  occupied  with  the  upper  part  of  the  general 
waiting-room  and  the  stairway  to  the  restaurant,  which  is  on  the 
third  floor  above  the  waiting-room.  Over  the  cafes  are  the  kitchen 
and  store-room,  and  the  attic  contains  the  laundry. 

Castle  Island  has  been  a  fortified  spot  since  1634.  Castle  William, 
which  stood  here  when  the  Revolutionary  War  broke  out,  was  burned 
by  the  British  when  they  evacuated  Boston.  The  Continentals  then 
took  possession  of  the  island  and  restored  the  fort.  In  1798  its  name 
was  formally  changed  to  Fort  Independence,  and  the  following  year 
it  was  ceded  to  the  United  States.  From  1785  to  1805  it  was  the  place 
of  confinement  for  prisoners  sentenced  to  hard  labor,  provision  having 
been  made  in  the  act  of  cession  to  the  United  States  that  this  privi¬ 
lege  should  be  retained.  The  present  fort  was  built  about  the  year 
1855- 

A  Park  for  the  North  End. — The  agitation  for  a  park  for  the 
thickly  populated  region  north  of  Hanover  Street  resulted,  in  1894,  in 
the  passage  of  an  act  by  the  Legislature  authorizing  the  park  board  to 
take  lands  to  a  limit  of  $300,000  in  assessed  values,  and  providing 
$50,000  for  construction.  Soon  after  its  passage  the  board  examined 
the  locality  with  a  view  of  determining  the  most  suitable  location  for 
the  proposed  pleasure-ground,  with  regard  both  to  natural  advantages 
and  a  fair  amount  of  territory  for  the  desired  purposes.  As  a  result 
of  this  examination  the  commission  secured  a  small  tract  for  which  a 


THE  CITY'S  PARKS  AND  SQUARES. 


69 


complete  plan  was  prepared,  which  may  be  described  as  follows; 
The  land  devoted  to  purposes  of  recreation  lies  between  the  ancient 
Copps  Hill  Burying  Ground  and  the  sheet  of  water  which  is  the  con¬ 
fluence  of  the  Charles  and  Mystic  rivers.  It  is  separated  from  the 
burying  ground  by  Charter  Street,  and  it  is  crossed  by  the  busy 
waterside  thoroughfare  called  Commercial  Street.  Between  the  two 
streets  the  narrow  public  domain  slopes  steeply  down  between  two 
ranks  of  tenement  houses,  thus  opening  a  prospect  from  the  already 
frequented  Copps  Hill.  Between  Commercial  Street  and  the  water 
the  original  shore-line  has  disappeared  under  a  tangle  of  more  or  less 
ancient  sea-walls,  fillings,  and  pile  structures. 

The  plan  is  designed  to  make  this  confined  space  afford  oppor¬ 
tunity  for  the  greatest  possible  variety  of  modes  of  recreation.  Thus, 
a  resting-place  commanding  a  view  of  the  water  is  provided  upon  a 
broad  terrace  on  a  level  with  the  upper  street;  an  ample  promenade 
adjacent  to  the  water  is  provided  upon  a  pier,  the  upper  deck  of 
which  can  be  reached  from  the  terrrace  by  a  bridge  which  spans 
Commercial  Street;  a  good  place  for  children  to  play  is  provided  on  the 
beach,  which  forms  the  shore  of  the  small  haven  formed  by  the  pier; 
dressing  rooms  are  provided  for  the  use  of  the  bathers,  floats,  and 
other  conveniences  for  boatmen.  The  stone  terrace  and  its  accom¬ 
panying  flights  of  steps  is  plainly,  but  substantially,  constructed, 
while  the  steep  earth-slopes  at  the  ends  and  below  the  high  wall  are 
planted  with  low  shrubbery,  The  new  or  restored  beach  terminates 
against  sea- walled  piers  of  solid  filling,  from  the  end  of  one  of  which 
the  long  and  substantial  pleasure  pier  runs  out  to  and  along  the  har¬ 
bor  commissioners’ line.  Between  the  beach  and  Commercial  Street 
there  is  room  for  a  little  greensward  and  a  screening  background  of 
shrubbery. 


IV. 


OLD  LANDMARKS. 


To  meet  the  requirements  of  a  great  and  growing  modern  citv, 
many  of  the  interesting  old  landmarks  of  Boston  have  been  sacrificed. 
But  much  remains  for  the  edification  and  instruction  of  tourists  who 
are  interested  in  historical  relics.  Faneuil  Hall,  the  Old  State  House, 
the  Old  South  Church,  Christ  Church,  and  King’s  Chapel  are  shrines 
which  attract  and  inspire  all  true  Americans,  and  many  a  pleasant 
and  profitable  hour  may  be  spent  in  reviewing  their  history  and  asso¬ 
ciations  as  well  as  in  visiting  them. 

In  no  other  American  city  are  there  so  many  objects  which  will 
awaken  reverent  regard  for  that  past  which  is  the  birthright  of 
America’s  sons  and  daughters.  Economy  of  time  and  strength  should 
be  considered  in  all  sight-seeing,  and,  as  most  of  the  interesting  his¬ 
torical  landmarks  of  Boston  are  in  the  north  part  of  the  town,  this  is 
not  difficult  to  attain.  A  pleasant  half-day  may  be  spent  in  doing  the 
Old  State  House,  Fanueil  Hall,  Quincy  Market,  which  is  just  across 
Merchants’  Row  from  Faneuil  Hall ;  Christ  Church,  and  Copps  Hill 
Burying  Ground.  Another  half-day  should  be  given  to  the  Old  South 
Meeting-House,  King’s  Chapel,  King’s  Chapel  Burying  Ground,  the 
Old  Granary  Burying  Ground,  and  the  Central  Burying  Ground  on 
the  Common.  In  the  following  pages  will  be  found  a  brief  historical 
and  descriptive  sketch  of  each  of  these  places. 

Faneuil  Hall,  in  Faneuil  Hall  Square,  is  the  “  Cradle  of  Liberty” 
to  all  who  have  studied  the  history  of  the  LTiited  States.  The  first 
Faneuil  Hall  was  built  in  1742,  and  was  a  market-house.  It  was 
given  to  the  town  by  Peter  Faneuil,  a  wealthy  merchant  of  French 
descent,  who  stipulated  that  it  should  be  legally  authorized  and 
maintained  under  proper  regulations.  The  enlargement  of  the  plan 
to  include  a  second  story  for  a  hall  was  a  later  thought.  When  the 
people  voted  to  accept  the  building  they  provided  that  it  should  be 

(70) 


OLD  LANDMARKS. 


1\ 


called  Faneuil  Hall  “forever.”  The  first  Faneuil  Hall  was  a  structure 
only  ioo  feet  long  by  40  feet  wide.  It  was  partially  destroyed  by  fire 
in  1761,  only  the  walls  remaining,  but  rebuilt  by  the  town  the  follow¬ 
ing  year.  Part  of  the  funds  used  in  rebuilding  were  raised  by  a 
lottery  authorized  by  the  State.  The  second  building  was  completed 
and  formally  opened  on  March  14,  1763,  and  it  was  the  patriot  James 
Otis,  then  the  orator,  who  dedicated  the  hall  to  “the  cause  of 
liberty.”  Here  were  held  all  the  town  meetings,  and,  in  the  dark 
days  before  the  Revolution,  the  patriot  orators  of  the  time  often  spoke 
the  words  which  inspired  and  kept  moving  the  spirit  of  Liberty. 

This  building,  which  was  only  about  half  the  size  of  the  present 
one,  and  twc  stories  high,  remained  so  until  1805.  Then,  under  the 
direction  of  Bulfinch,  it  was  much  enlarged  and  improved.  Its 
width  was  increased  to  80  feet;  the  third  story  was  added;  the 
hall  was  made  78  feet  square  and  28  feet  high;  large  galleries,  rest¬ 
ing  on  Doric  columns,  were  put  in,  and  the  large  platform  was  built. 
The  large  painting  which  hangs  at  the  back  of  the  platform  repre¬ 
sents  Webster  addressing  the  United  States  Senate  on  the  occasion 
of  his  celebrated  reply  to  Hayne.  It  is  by  Healy,  and  is  interesting 
because  of  the  portraits  of  some  of  the  leading  public  men  of  that 
day.  Other  portraits  hanging  on  the  walls  of  Washington  by  Stuart, 
Faneuil  by  Col.  Henry  Sargent,  Hancock  (Copley),  Samuel  Adams, 
John  and  John  Quincy  Adams,  and  Warren  (all  by  Copley),  Commo¬ 
dore  Preble,  Andrew,  Lincoln,  and  Everett,  by  modern  artists,  are 
mostlv  conies,  the  originals  having  been  removed  from  the  hall  to  the 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts  for  safe-keeping. 

Until  the  town  became  a  city,  in  1822,  the  town  offices  were  estab¬ 
lished  here,  and  it  was  the  regular  place  of  town  meetings.  Some  of 
the  greatest  orators  and  agitators  of  the  country  have  been  heard 
from  its  platform.  It  was  here,  in  1837,  that  Wendell  Phillips  made 
his  first  anti-slavery  speech. 

The  hall  is  at  the  disposal  of  the  people  for  meetings  whenever  a 
sufficient  number  of  persons,  complying  with  certain  regulations,  ask 
to  have  it  opened.  The  city  charter  contains  a  wise  provision  for 
bidding  its  sale  or  lease.  It  is  freely  opened  to  visitors.  On  the 
upper  floor  of  the  building  is  the  armory  of  the  Ancient  and  Hon¬ 
orable  Artillery  Company,  the  oldest  military  organization  in  the 
country.  It  contains  a  museum  of  colonial  and  provincial  relics, 
which  is  also  open  to  visitors.  The  building  was  re-roofed  in  1899. 


72 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Old  State  House. —  On  Washington  Street,  at  the  head  of  State 
Street,  is  the  Old  State  House,  one  of  the  few  survivals  of  the  ante- 
Revolutionary  buildings  in  the  city.  It  is,  undoubtedly,  the  most 
interesting  historical  building  in  this  country,  for  it  was  here  that 
“  the  child  Independence  was  born.”  On  this  site,  where  had  been 
the  earliest  market-place  of  the  town,  the  first  town  house  was  built 
in  1657.  This  house  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  1711,  rebuilt  a  year 
later,  and  again  burned  in  1747.  The  present  structure  was  built  in 
1748,  and  within  and  without  the  building  many  stirring  events  have 
occurred.  It  was  in  turn  town  house,  court  house,  province  court 
house,  State  house,  and  city  hall.  On  the  first  floor  was,  in  early 
times,  the  merchants’  walk  or  exchange.  In  the  eastern  room  of  the 
second  story,  with  an  outlook  down  King  Street,  was  the  council 
chamber,  where  the  royal  governors  of  the  province  and  the  royal 
council  sat.  The  western  chamber  was  the  general  court-room. 
Over  the  entrance  to  one  of  these  two  rooms  is  placed  the  seal  of  the 
city,  and  over  the  other  that  of  the  State. 

During  the  Stamp-Act  excitement  the  stamped  clearances  were 
burned  in  front  of  its  doors.  The  British  troops  were  quartered 
within  the  building  in  1768,  and  within  a  few  feet  of  its  eastern 
porch  occurred  the  Boston  massacre,  on  March  5,  1770.  The  next 
day  Sam  Adams  stood  in  the  council  chamber  and  made  his  suc¬ 
cessful  demand  upon  the  royal  representatives  for  the  immediate 
removal  of  the  troops  from  Boston.  Frothingham,  in  describing  this 
event,  says:  “  On  the  walls  of  the  chamber  were  representatives  of 
the  two  elements  now  in  conflict  —  of  the  Absolutism  that  was  pass¬ 
ing  away,  in  full-length  portraits  of  Charles  II  and  James  II  robed 
in  the  royal  ermine;  and  of  a  Republicanism  which  had  grown  robust 
and  self-reliant,  in  the  heads  of  Endicott,  and  Winthrop,  and  Brad- 
street,  and  Belcher.  Around  a  long  table  were  seated  the  lieutenant- 
governor  (Hutchinson)  and  the  members  of  the  council,  with  the 
military  officers;  the  scrupulous  and  sumptuous  costumes  of  the  civil¬ 
ians  in  authority  —  gold  and  silver  lace,  scarlet  cloaks,  and  large 
wigs —  mingling  with  the  brilliant  uniforms  of  the  British  army  and 
navy.  Into  such  imposing  presence  were  now  ushered  the  plainly- 
attired  committee  of  the  town.”  In  the  same  room  Generals  Clinton, 
Howe,  and  Gage  held  a  council  of  war  just  before  the  battle  of 
Bunker  Hill. 

From  the  balcony  on  the  State  Street  side,  where  the  royal  procla- 


* 


THE  STATE  HOUSE— State,  Devonshire,  and,  Washington,  Streets, 

(73) 


THE  JEFFERSON 


RICHMOND,  VA. 

The  most  magnificent  hotel  in  the  South 

European  Plan 

400  ROOMS  300  BATHS 

Rooms  single  and  en  suite,  with  and  without  private  Bath 


Turkish  and  Roman  Baths 


Spacious  Sample  Rooms 


Large  Convention  Hall 


Rates  $2.50  and  upwards 


OLD  LANDMARKS. 


75 


mations  had  been  delivered,  the  news  of  the  Declaration  of  Independ¬ 
ence  was  proclaimed.  Inside  the  house  “the  gentlemen  stood  up, 
and  each,  repeating  the  words  as  they  were  spoken  by  an  officer, 
swore  to  uphold  the  rights  of  his  country.”  The  proclamation  was 
followed  by  a  banquet  in  the  council  chamber.  In  1789,  at  the  west¬ 
ern  end  of  the  building,  Washington  reviewed  the  great  procession  in 
his  honor  on  the  occasion  of  his  last  memorable  visit  to  Boston. 
Here,  in  1835,  William  Lloyd  Garrison  found  refuge  from  a  mob, 
which  had  broken  up  an  anti-slavery  meeting  and  threatened  the  life 
of  the  brave  agitator. 

When  the  State  House  was  no  longer  needed  as  a  public  building 
it  was  remodeled  and  turned  into  business  offices.  The  original 
architectural  effect  was  wholly  destroyed  by  the  addition  of  a  man¬ 
sard  roof  and  other  changes.  But  in  1880-81  public-spirited  citizens 
began  a  movement  which  ended  in  the  successful  restoration  of  the 
building.  From  the  second  story  upward  the  exterior  of  the  house 
now  has  the  appearance  it  wore  in  the  Provincial  period.  The  gilt 
eagle,  with  the  State  and  city  arms  spread  over  the  western  front, 
was  placed  to  appease  over-sensitive  citizens  who  were  disturbed  by 
the  restoration  of  the  lion  and  unicorn,  in  copies,  on  the  eastern  gables. 

Every  effort  has  been  made  to  reproduce  the  old  interior,  as  well  as 
exterior,  and  restore,  in  every  detail,  the  architecture  of  the  Colonial 
period.  The  halls  have  the  same  floors  and  ceilings,  and  on  three 
sides  the  same  walls,  that  they  had  in  1747.  One  end  wall  in  each  of 
the  two  chambers  is  new,  but  it  rests  upon  the  same  spot  as  the  old 
wall.  The  balcony  of  the  second  story  has  been  restored  upon  the 
model  of  the  still-existing  attic  balcony,  and  it  is  reached  through  a 
window  of  twisted  crown  glass,  out  of  which  have  looked  all  the  latter 
royal  governors  of  the  Colony  and  the  early  governors  of  the  State. 
The  windows  of  the  upper  stories  are  modeled  upon  the  small -paned 
windows  of  Colonial  days  ;  but  four-paned  windows  have  been  put  in 
the  first  floor  and  basement  to  satisfy  the  tenants,  these  portions 
being  let  for  business  purposes.  On  the  second  floor  are  twTo  main 
halls  and  several  ante-rooms.  The  whole  of  the  second  floor,  the 
attics,  and  cupola  are  leased  by  the  city  to  the  Bostonian  Society. 
The  terms  of  the  lease  provide  for  an  annual  payment  by  the  society 
of  $100,  and  the  maintenance  of  the  rooms  for  public  exhibition.  An 
interesting  collection  of  antiquities,  relating  to  the  building  itself,  and 
to  the  early  history  of  the  city  and  State,  with  several  portraits,  and 


76 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


quaint,  crude  paintings  of  ancient  date,  is  exhibited  here.  Admis¬ 
sion  free. 

Old  South  Meeting-House,  on  Washington  Street,  corner  of  Milk 
Street,  has  been  called  the  “Sanctuary  of  Freedom.”  The  ground 
on  which  it  stands  was  the  place  where  Governor  John  Winthrop  had 
his  home,  and  here  he  died  in  1649.  The  land  was  afterward  owned 
by  Madam  Mary  Norton,  wife  of  Rev.  John  Norton,  who  gave  it  in 
trust  “  forever  for  the  erecting  of  a  house  for  their  assembling  them¬ 
selves  together  publiquely  to  worship  God.”  The  Old  South  Society 
worshiped  here  from  1669  to  1875,  when  they  moved  to  their  new 
place  of  worship  on  Boylston  Street.  The  first  meeting-house  was  a 
small  cedar  building,  erected  in  1670,  and  in  this  building  Benjamin 
Franklin  was  baptized.  In  1730  the  present  brick  structure  took  the 
place  of  the  first  meeting-house.  Although  a  place  of  worship,  the 
old  meeting-house  had,  at  times,  served  other  purposes.  In  the  stir¬ 
ring  times  that  preceded  the  Revolution,  when  Faneuil  Hall  was  too 
small  to  hold  the  town  meetings,  the  church  opened  its  doors  to  the 
patriotic  crowds. 

When  the  British  occupied  the  town  they  desecrated  the  place  and 
injured  the  building  by  using  it  as  a  place  for  cavalry  drill.  The  fire 
of  1872  came  very  near  to  the  precious  building,  but  it  escaped  de¬ 
struction,  and  it  then  served  as  a  post  office  until  the  completion  of 
the  post  office  wing  of  the  Government  building.  In  1876  the  build¬ 
ing  was  sold  to  be  torn  down  and  replaced  by  a  business  block.  But 
the  “Old  South  Preservation  Committee,”  composed  of  twenty-five 
Boston  women,  came  to  the  rescue  and  purchased  it  conditionally  for 
$430,000.  The  meeting-house  is  now  used  as  a  loan  museum  of 
historical  relics,  which  include  many  interesting  portraits,  quaint  old 
furniture,  flags,  and  weapons.  It  is  open  daily,  and  the  entrance  fee 
(25  cents)  becomes  a  part  of  the  preservation  fund.  It  is  still  some¬ 
times  used  for  public  meetings  ;  and  the  regular  “  Old  South  Lectures 
to  Young  People,”  on  local  history,  given  by  eminent  men,  are 
features  of  the  winter  seasons.  The  tablet  on  the  tower  was  placed 
in  1867  : 

Old  South 

Church  gathered  1669 
First  House  built  1670 
This  House  erected  1729 
Desecrated  by  British  Troops  1775-6. 


OLD  LANDMARKS. 


77 


The  Old  Corner  Book  Store. — After  leaving  the  Old  South  it 
would  be  well  for  the  visitor  to  cross  Washington  Street,  and,  going 
one  block  to  the  north,  on  the  corner  of  School  Street,  he  will  find  the 
oldest  building  now  standing  in  Boston.  On  this  ground  was  once 
the  dwelling  of  Ann  Hutchinson,  the  strong-minded  woman  wrho  was 
banished  for  heresy  in  1637.  The  present  building  bears  the  date  of 
1712,  and  was  the  property  of  Thomas  Crease,  wdioused  it  as  a  dwelling 
and  apothecary  shop.  It  was  occupied  by  different  tenants,  as  a 
dwelling  or  for  offices,  until  1816,  when  Dr.  Samuel  Clarke,  whose  son. 
Rev.  James  Freeman  Clarke,  was  born  here,  restored  the  old  building 
to  its  original  purpose  of  a  drug  store.  Doctor  Clarke  was  succeeded  in 
1828  by  Messrs.  Carter  &  Hendee,  who  first  used  the  front  as  a  book 
store,  and  it  has  been  devoted  to  this  purpose  until  recently.  It  was 
occupied  successively  by  the  firms  of  Carter  &  Hendee,  Allen  & 
Ticknor,  William  D.  Ticknor  &  Co.,  Ticknor  &  Fields,  E.  P.  Dutton 
&  Co.,  A.  Williams  &  Co.,  Damrell  &  Upham,  and  by  the  Old  Corner 
Book  Store,  Inc.,  who  have  removed  to  27  Bromfield  Street,  one 
block  south.  Through  some  of  these  firms  it  may  be  said  to  have' 
become  the  progenitor  of  the  great  publishing  houses  of  Houghton, 
Mifflin  &  Co.,  Roberts  Brothers,  and  of  the  music  business  of  Oliver 
Ditson.  Here  James  T.  Field,  James  R.  Osgood,  and  Benjamin  H. 
Ticknor  began  their  careers  as  clerks,  and  here  many  of  the  famous 
writers  and  students  of  Boston  loved  to  gather  and  exchange  greetings 
and  ideas. 

King’s  Chapel,  on  Tremont  Street,  corner  of  School  Street,  is  a 
plain  and  solid  edifice  of  dark  granite,  with  a  massive  square  tower, 
surrounded  by  wooden  Ionic  columns.  The  interior  of  the  church, 
with  its  rows  of  columns  supporting  the  ceiling,  the  richly  painted 
windows  of  the  chancel,  the  antique  pulpit  and  reading-desk,  the 
mural  tablets,  and  quaintly  sculptured  marble  monuments  that  line 
the  walls,  will  impress  the  visitor  with  its  likeness  to  old  English 
churches. 

The  first  King’s  Chapel  was  built  in  1689  by  the  first  Episcopal 
Church  Society  of  Boston.  This  society  had  previously  worshiped 
first  in  the  town  house  and  then  in  the  Old  South,  under  the  protec¬ 
tion  of  Governor  Andros,  and  to  the  great  sorrow  of  the  Congrega- 
tionalists.  The  first  chapel  was  built  of  wood.  In  1710  the  building 
was  enlarged.  Pews  were  reserved  for  the  Governor  and  British 
army  and  naval  officers.  The  walls  and  pillars  were  hung  with  the 


6 


78 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


escutcheons  of  the  king  and  royal  governors,  and  upon  the  pulpit 
stood  an  hour-glass  to  mark  the  length  of  the  sermons.  An  early 
description  of  Boston  states  that  “  King  William  and  Queen  Mary 
gave  them  a  pulpit-cloth,  a  cushion,  a  rich  set  of  plate  for  the  com¬ 
munion  table,  and  a  piece  of  painting,  reaching  from  the  bottom  to 
the  top  of  the  east  end  of  the  church,  containing  the  Decalogue, 
the  Lord’s  Prayer,  and  the  Apostles’  Creed.” 

The  present  chapel  was  completed  in  1753.  The  plan  embraced  a 
steeple,  but  none  was  ever  built.  During  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne  it 
was  called  Queen’s  Chapel,  and  for  a  while  after  the  Revolution  the 
name  was  changed  to  Stone  Chapel;  but  in  time  the  love  of  the  people 
for  ancient  local  names  caused  them  to  return  to  King’s  Chapel,  which 
has  been  retained  ever  since.  After  the  evacuation  the  chapel  re¬ 
mained  closed  until  late  in  the  year  1777,  when  the  Old  South  Society, 
whose  meeting-house  had  been  so  nearly  destroyed  by  the  British 
troops,  occupied  it,  using  it  for  nearly  five  years,  while  its  own 
meeting-house  was  undergoing  repairs.  In  1782  the  church  was 
reopened  by  the  remnant  of  the  old  society,  with  James  Freeman  as 
“  reader;”  and  under  his  teaching  the  Unitarian  faith  was  professed 
by  the  congregation,  so  that  what  had  been  the  first  Episcopal  church 
in  Boston  became  the  first  Unitarian.  In  1787,  Doctor  Freeman  was 
ordained  rector,  and  thereupon  the  connection  of  the  church  with  the 
American  Protestant  Episcopal  church  was  terminated. 

Christ  Church,  Salem  Street  (North  End),  was  built  by  the  second 
Episcopal  Society  in  Boston,  and  is  the  oldest  church  edifice  now 
standing  in  the  city.  It  was  dedicated  December  29,  1723,  and  its 
first  rector  was  Rev.  Timothy  Cutter,  D.  D.,  who  served  until  his 
death,  August  7,  1765.  This  old  church  is  a  very  interesting  land¬ 
mark,  as  it  retains,  generally,  its  original  appearance.  This  is  the 
church  from  whose  steeple  it  is  supposed  the  lanterns  of  Paul 
Revere  were  hung  out  to  warn  the  country  of  the  march  of  the 
British  troops  on  Lexington  and  Concord.  A  tablet  on  the  front  of 
the  church,  placed  there  October  17,  1878,  bears  this  inscription  : 

The  signal  lanterns  of  Paul  Revere  displayed  in  the 
steeple  of  this  church,  April  18,  1775,  warned  the  country 
of  the  march  of  the  British  troops  to  Lexington  and 
Concord. 

But  some  very  good  authorities  claim  that  this  is  a  mistake,  and 
that  the  North  Church  referred  to  by  Paul  Revere,  in  a  narrative 


80 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


which  he  prepared  twenty  years  after  the  events,  was  the  North 
Church,  then  standing  in  North  Square.  But  Christ  Church  was  also 
known  as  the  “North  Church,”  and,  to  support  its  claim,  brings 
evidence  which  shows  that  Capt.  John  Puling,  one  of  the  wardens  of 
the  church,  received  the  signal  to  display  the  lanterns,  and  that 
Robert  Newman,  the  sexton,  hung  them  out. 

The  original  steeple  was  blown  down  in  the  great  gale  of  1804; 
but  the  present  one  was  built  immediately  after  the  fall  of  the  old, 
and  is  an  accurate  reproduction  of  that.  Aside  from  the  steeple  there 
is  nothing  in  the  plain  exterior  of  the  church  to  attract  attention. 

The  interior  retains  most  of  its  ancient  fixtures  and  the  original 
decorations  have  been  reproduced.  The  high,  small-paned  windows, 
with  deep  seats;  the  balcony  supported  by  pillars,  the  top  “  slaves’ 
gallery,”  and  the  old-fashioned  pews,  have  all  been  preserved.  The 
bottom  of  the  old  pulpit,  of  hour-glass  shape,  is  still  there;  but  the 
upper  part  was  given  away  by  one  of  the  church  officials  in  1820,  and 
a  modern  affair  fills  its  place.  The  organ  is  not  the  original  one, 
which  was  imported  from  London  in  1756,  but  it  is  inclosed  in  the 
original  antique  case.  The  clock  below  the  rail  has  been  doing  duty 
since  1746.  The  figures  of  the  cherubim  in  front  of  the  organ  and  the 
chandeliers  were  taken  from  a  French  vessel  by  the  privateer 
“  Queen  of  Hungary,”  in  1746,  and  presented  to  the  church  by  Captain 
Grushea  ;  its  Bible,  prayer  books,  and  communion  service,  still  in 
use,  were  given  to  it  by  King  George  II  in  1733,  and  the  silver 
bears  the  royal  arms.  The  chime  of  bells,  the  sweetest  and  most 
musical  the  town  has  ever  had,  was  brought  from  England  in  1744. 
It  is  said  to  be  the  first  chime  in  America. 

Old  Burying-  Grounds. 

The  four  oldest  burying  grounds  in  the  city  proper  are  still  pre¬ 
served  and  faithfully  cared  for,  though  for  several  years  they  have 
been  unused  as  places  for  burial.  They  are  among  the  most  interest¬ 
ing  of  the  landmarks  of  early  times,  and  speak  eloquently  :o  us  of 
many  of  the  founders  of  Boston. 

King’s  Chapel  Burying  Ground,  on  Tremont  Street,  between 
King  s  Chapel  and  the  former  building  of  the  Massachusetts  Historic  al 
Society,  is  the  oldest  of  these  ancient  cemeteries,  and  for  thirty  years 
was  the  only  burial  place  of  the  town.  The  exact  date  of  its  estab¬ 
lishment  is  not  known,  but  according  to  Shurtleff’s  “  Topographical 


OLD  LANDMARKS. 


81 


and  Historical  Description  of  Boston,”  the  first  burial  here  was  on 
the  1 8th  of  February,  1630.  The  following  reference  to  it  found  in 
John  Winthrop’s  record:  “  Cap*  Welden,  a  hopeful  younge  gent  & 
an  experienced  souldier  dyed  at  Charlestowne  of  a  consumption,  and 
was  buryed  at  Boston  wth  military  funeral.”  Here  rest  the  remains 
of  Gov.  John  Winthrop  and  his  son  and  grandson,  who  were 
governors  of  Connecticut;  of  Governor  Shirley,  Lady  Andros  (the 
wife  of  Governor  Andros);  John  Cotton,  John  Davenport,  the  founder 
of  New  Haven,  Conn.;  John  Oxenbridge  and  Thomas  Bridge,  pastors 
of  the  First  Church,  and  other  well-known  personages  of  the  early 
days.  In  one  of  the  tombs  here  were  deposited  the  remains  of  the  wife 
of  John  Winslow,  who,  as  Mary  Chilton,  according  to  tradition,  was  the 
first  woman  to  touch  the  shore  at  Cape  Cod,  springing  from  the  boat 
as  it  approached  the  shore.  There  are  many  quaint  old  gravestones 
in  the  yard;  but  some  of  them  have  been  moved  from  their  original 
positions  and  set  up  as  edgestones  to  paths.  One  of  these  stones  has 
a  most  remarkable  history.  At  some  time  the  stone  was  removed 
from  the  grave  it  marked  and  was  lost.  In  1830,  when  some  excava¬ 
tions  were  being  made  near  the  Old  State  House,  it  was  found  sev¬ 
eral  feet  below  the  surface  of  State  Street.  It  is  of  green  stone  and 
is  inscribed  : 

HERE  :  LYETH 
THE  :  BODY  :  OF  :  Mr 
WILLIAM  :  PADDY  :  AGED 
58  YEARS  :  DEPARTED 
THIS  :  LIFE  :  AUGUST  THE  [28] 

1658. 

On  the  reverse  is  this  singular  stanza  of  poetry  : 

HEAR  .  SLEAPS  .  THAT 
BLESED  .  ONE  .  WHOES  .  LIEF 
GOD  .  HELP  .  VS  .  ALL  .  TO  .  LIVE 
THAT  .  SO  .  WHEN  .  TIEM  .  SHALL  .  BE 
THAT  .  WE  .  THIS  .  WORLD  .  MUST  .  LIUE 
WE  .  EVER  .  MAY  .  BE  .  HAPPY 
WITH  .  BLESED  .  WILLIAM  .  PADDY. 

Copps  Hill  Burying  Ground,  on  Hull  Street,  a  short  distance 
from  Old  Christ  Church,  was  the  second  burial  place  established  in 
Boston.  It  was  first  used  for  interment  in  1660,  and  was  several 
times  enlarged.  Here  are  the  graves  of  Doctors  Increase,  Cotton 
and  Samuel  Mather ;  Rev.  Dr.  Andrew  Eliot  of  the  New  North 
Church,  Mrs.  Mary  Baker,  a  sister  of  Paul  Revere  ;  Chief  Justice 


82 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


Parker,  and  many  who  were  prominent  in  the  early  history  of  the 
town.  During  the  Siege  the  inclosure  was  occupied  by  the  British 
as  a  military  station.  The  soldiers  used  the  gravestones  as  targets, 
and  the  marks  of  the  bullets  may  yet  be  seen  on  some  of  them.  A 
stone  which  seems  to  have  been  particularly  sought  out  by  the  sol¬ 
diers  in  their  desecration  of  the  ground  bears  the  following  record : 

Here  lies  buried  in  a 
Stone  Grave  io  feet  deep 
Capt.  DANIEL  MALCOM  Mercht 
who  departed  this  Life 
October  23d  1769 
Aged  44  Years 
A  true  Son  of  Liberty 
a  Friend  to  the  Publick  an 
Enemy  to  oppression  and 
one  of  the  foremost  in 
opposing  the  Revenue  Acts 
on  America. 

Captain  Malcom  would  be  called  a  smuggler  at  the  present  time, 
for  the  above  inscription  refers  to  his  landing  a  valuable  cargo  of 
wines  without  paying  duty  upon  it.  But  as  the  tax  was  regarded 
as  unjust  and  oppressive,  the  citizens  approved  and  lauded  the  act. 
The  oldest  stone  in  the  graveyard  is  believed  to  be  one  bearing  date 
of  1661,  erected  to  the  memory  of  the  grandchildren  of  William  Copp? 
for  whom  the  hill  was  named — an  industrious  cobbler  who  lived 
near  by.  Several  stones  bear  earlier  dates,  but  these  were  altered 
from  the  original,  the  date  1690  in  one  case  having  been  changed  to 
1620,  and  1695  to  1625.  One  of  the  oldest  stones  records  the  death  of 
“  Captain  Thomas  Lake,  who  was  perfidiously  slain  by  ye  Indians 
at  Kennebec  Aug.  14,  1676.”  Captain  Lake  was  a  commander  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  1662  and  1674,  and, 
according  to  the  story,  the  slit  deeply  cut  in  his  gravestone  was  filled 
with  the  melted  bullets  taken  from  his  body.  The  metal  was  long 
ago  chipped  away  by  relic  hunters.  There  are  several  slabs  bearing 
armorial  devices,  which  the  superintendent  of  the  yard  is  always 
ready  to  point  out  to  visitors.  During  the  summer  months  the  gates 
are  thrown  open,  and  the  people  are  allowed  access  to  the  cool, 
shaded  grounds.  At  times,  when  the  gates  are  closed,  admission  can 
be  obtained  by  application  to  the  superintendent,  who  lives  in  the 
neighborhood.  The  high,  rough  stone  wall  was  placed  when  it 


OLD  LANDMARKS . 


83 


became  necessary,  in  the  improvement  of  this  section  of  the  city,  to 
cut  down  that  portion  of  the  hill  without  the  limits  of  the  burying 
ground. 

Old  Granary  Burying  Ground,  on  the  north  side  of  Tremont 
Street,  between  Park  Street  Church  and  the  site  of  the  old  Tremont 
House,  is  the  most  interesting  of  the  old  burying  grounds  of  Boston. 
It  was  established  in  1660,  at  the  same  time  that  the  Copps  Hill  Bury¬ 
ing  Ground  was  laid  out.  The  ground  was  formerly  a  part  of  the 
Common,  and  it  received  the  name  it  bears  because  of  its  proximity  to 
the  old  town  granary,  which  stood  where  the  Park  Street  Church 
now  stands.  The  list  of  the  distinguished  dead  who  rest  here 
includes  nine  governors  of  the  Colony  and  State  ;  three  of  the  signers 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence  ;  Paul  Revere,  the  patriot ;  Peter 
Faneuil,  the  donor  of  the  market  house  and  hall  that  bears  his 
name ;  Judge  Samuel  Sewall,  six  doctors  of  divinity,  the  first 
mayor  of  Boston,  and  many  others.  Upon  the  front  of  one  of  the 
tombs,  on  the  side  next  to  Park  Street  Church,  was  once  a  marble 
slab  with  the  inscription,  “No.  16,  Tomb  of  Hancock  but  nothing 
now  marks  the  resting-place  of  the  first  signer  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence,  and  the  first  Governor  of  Massachusetts  under  the 
Constitution.  In  another  part  of  the  yard  is  the  grave  of  Samuel 
Adams,  “the  father  of  the  Revolution.”  Near  the  Tremont  House 
corner  are  the  graves  of  the  victims  of  the  “  Boston  massacre  of 
1770.”  The  most  conspicuous  monument  here  is  one  erected  in 
1827,  which  marks  the  graves  of  the  parents  of  Benjamin  Franklin. 
It  contains  the  epitaph,  composed  by  their  illustrious  son,  “in  filial 
regard  to  their  memory.”  This  is  the  inscription  : 

They  lived  lovingly  together  in  wed 
lock  fifty-five  years,  and  without  an 
estate,  or  any  gainful  employment,  by 
constant  labor  and  honest  industry 
maintained  a  large  family  comfortably, 
and  brought  up  thirteen  children  and 
seven  grandchildren  respectably.  From 
this  instance,  reader,  be  encouraged  to 
diligence  in  thy  calling,  and  distrust 
not  Providence. 

He  was  a  pious  and  prudent  man  ; 

She  a  discreet  and  virtuous  woman. 

The  names  of  some  of  the  distinguished  persons  buried  here  are 


84 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


displayed  upon  the  bronze  tablets  fixed  upon  the  gates  of  the  main 
entrance  to  the  yard.  The  high,  carved  gateway,  in  the  summer 
time,  is  picturesque  in  a  mantle  of  ivy.  Entrance  to  the  yard  may 
be  obtained  upon  application  to  the  superintendent. 

The  Central  Burying  Ground,  on  the  Boylston  Street  side  of  the 
Common,  is  the  least  interesting  of  the  ancient  cemeteries  of  the 
town.  It  was  laid  out  in  1756,  but  the  oldest  stone,  with  the  excep¬ 
tion  of  one  which  was  removed  from  some  other  ground,  is  dated 
1761.  Stuart,  the  portrait-painter,  was  buried  here,  and  Monsieur 
Julien,  the  inventor  of  the  famous  soup  that  bears  his  name.  Julien’s 
public  house  was  for  some  yeais  on  the  corner  of  Milk  and  Congress 
streets.  He  died  in  1805,  but  his  soup  is  still  flourishing.  It  is  sup" 
posed  that  several  of  the  British  soldiers  who  died  from  wounds 
received  at  Bunker  Hill,  or  from  disease  in  the  barracks  during  the 
Siege,  were  buried  here;  but  there  is  nothing  to  prove  this,  and  the 
statement  is  questioned.  Drake  says  that  they  were  buried  in  a 
common  trench,  and  that  many  of  the  remains  were  exhumed  when 
changes  in  the  northwest  corner  of  the  yard  were  made.  This  bury¬ 
ing  ground  formerly  extended  to  Boylston  Street,  and  it  was  con¬ 
tracted  to  its  present  dimensions  when  the  Boylston  Street  mall  was 
laid  out  in  1839. 


HORTICULTURAL  HALL — Corner  Huntington  and  Massachusetts  Avenues 


V. 

THEATERS  AND  OTHER  AMUSE¬ 
MENTS. 


Boston  is  known  to  the  theatrical  world  as  one  of  the  best  show 
towns  in  the  country.  This  is  the  more  remarkable,  as  it  was  many 
years  after  the  play-house  was  flourishing  in  other  cities  before  the 
Puritan  City  consented  to  its  establishment  in  her  midst.  In  1750 
an  act  was  passed  “to  prevent  stage  plays  and  other  theatrical 
entertainments,”  imposing  heavy  fines  on  the  owner  of  the  premises 
in  which  such  entertainments  should  be  given  in  defiance  of  the  law, 
and  upon  the  spectators  and  actors  as  well.  Several  unsuccessful 
attempts  were  made  to  secure  the  repeal  of  this  act,  during  the  years 
succeeding,  before  it  finally  disappeared  from  the  statute  books. 

During  the  past  few  years,  theaters  have  multiplied  with  marvel¬ 
ous  rapidity.  Twenty-five  years  ago,  the  Boston,  the  Globe,  the 
Museum,  the  Howard,  and  a  few  cheap  variety  houses,  were  the  only 
theaters  in  the  city.  To  this  list  have  since  been  added  the  Tremont, 
the  Hollis-Street,  Majestic,  Colonial,  Columbia,  Park,  Bowdoin 
Square,  Castle  Square,  and  Keith’s,  Boston  now  has  about  fifteen 
theatres,  properly  so  called,  besides  several  places  where  similar 
entertainments  are  given. 

Alphabetical  List  of  Theaters. 

Bijou  Dream  Theater,  543  Washington  Street.  Light  attractions. 

Globe  Theater,  Washington  and  Beach  Streets,  opened  in 


(85) 


86 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


September,  1904,  playing  the  best  of  high-class  musical  shows  at 
medium  prices;  situated  very  conveniently  to  all  car  lines. 

Majestic  Theater,  Tremont  Street,  near  Boylston,  one  of 
Boston’s  newest  theaters  and  one  of  the  most  handsome;  strictly 
fire-proof;  playing  first-class  dramatic  attractions  only. 

Boston  Theater,  539  Washington,  between  West  and  Avery 
streets.  This  theater  was  opened  in  1854,  and  it  was,  for  many 
years,  the  largest  and  most  magnificent  play-house  in  America.  The 
exterior  of  the  building  is  unpretentious,  and  almost  buried  from 
sight  behind  the  adjacent  buildings  ;  but  within  it  is,  in  every  respect, 
substantial  and  imposing.  The  lobbies  are  spacious,  the  staircases 
broad,  and  every  convenience  for  the  comfort  of  the  audience  is  sup¬ 
plied.  The  auditorium  is  90  feet  in  diameter,  and  reaches  a  height 
of  54  feet.  The  stage  is  85  feet  deep,  and  66  feet  high  to  the  fly-floor. 
The  curtain  opening  is  48  x 41  feet.  The  house  seats  3,000  persons, 
There  is  a  wide  front  entrance  on  Washington  Street,  and  a  rear  one 
on  Mason  Street,  and  the  means  of  egress  are  so  ample  that  1,000 
persons  can  be  dismissed  in  a  minute.  The  prices  range  from  $1.50 
to  50  cents. 

Bowdoin  Square  Theater. — This  theater  is  located  in  Bowdoin 
Square,  and  was  opened  to  the  public  in  February,  1892.  It  has  a 
broad,  handsome  lobby  and  Auditorium  decorated  in  old  ivory  and 
gold.  The  stage  is  large,  and  the  proscenium  opening  is  36  feet 
wide  by  32  feet  high.  It  will  seat  1,500  people,  and  the  prices  range 
from  $1.50  to  25  cents. 

The  Castle  Square  Theater,  opened  in  November,  1894,  occupies 
the  fortress-like  building  at  421  Tremont  Street.  The  stage  com¬ 
bines  every  improvement  at  present  known  to  the  theatrical  world. 
The  space  is  ample,  providing  for  40  feet  proscenium  opening,  50 
feet  to  back  wall,  70  feet  between  walls,  and  85  feet  high,  and,  in 
addition,  broad  entrances  on  each  side  of  the  stage  lead  to  the 
streets  adjoining.  The  theater  seats  1,700  people.  Prices  are  popu¬ 
lar,  and  a  good  seat  can  be  had  for  50  cents. 

The  Columbia  Theater  occupies  an  entire  block  on  Washington 
Street,  and  comprises  the  numbers  from  978  to  986,  inclusive.  In 


THEATERS  AND  OTHER  AMUSEMENTS 


87 


design  it  follows  the  Moorish  style,  and  its  towers  rise  above  the  sur¬ 
rounding  buildings.  The  interior  finish  and  the  furnishings  are  in 
harmony  with  the  exterior  architecture.  The  Columbia  will  seat 
i, 600.  Burlesque  shows  at  popular  prices. 

Boston  Opera  House.  This  magnificent  and  costly  home  of 
grand  opera  in  Boston  is  located  on  Huntington  Avenue,  near  Sym¬ 
phony  Hall  and  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  and  is  one  of  the  finest 
structures  devoted  to  this  purpose  extant.  High-class  operatic  per¬ 
formances  are  furnished  during  the  fall  and  winter  season  by  a 
splendid  local  company. 

Colonial  Theatre,  100  Boylston  Street.  Patronized  by  the  fash¬ 
ionable  people  of  Boston.  High-class  drama.  Prices  range  from 
$2  to  50  cents. 

The  Grand  Opera  House  is  at  1176  Washington  Street,  on  the 
corner  of  Ashland  Place.  This  is  the  chief  South  End  theater,  and 
performances  are  given  by  a  stock  company  and  by  combinations. 
Prices  range  from  $1  to  25  cents. 

The  Hollis  Street  Theater  occupies  the  site  of  the  old  Hollis 
Street  Church,  at  No.  10  Hollis  Street.  It  was  opened  November 
g,  1885.  It  is  one  of  the  most  thoroughly  built  edifices  of  its  kind  in 
the  city,  and  it  is  especially  well  arranged  in  the  particulars  of  safe¬ 
ty  from  fire  and  means  of  quick  and  easy  egress.  It  has  a  large 
auditorium,  beautifully  decorated  and  well  lighted.  The  auditor¬ 
ium  has  a  seating  capacity  of  1,600.  The  prices  range  from  $2  to 
25  cents. 

The  Howard  Athenaeum,  34  Howard  Street,  near  Scollay  Square, 
was  first  opened  as  a  theater  on  the  evening  of  October  13,  1845. 
During  the  following  winter  the  theater  was  burned,  but  it  was 
immediately  rebuilt.  In  its  early  days  it  was  the  representative 
theater  of  the  city.  Since  1868  it  has  been  a  variety  theater.  It 
seats  1,500.  Prices  range  from  25  to  75  cents.  There  is  a  continuous 
performance  from  1  to  10  p.m. 

Huntington  Hall  is  in  the  Rogers  Building  of  the  Institute  of 
Technology.  It  is  where  the  Lowell  Institute  lectures  are  given 
and  is  the  place  of  meeting  of  the  Society  of  Arts.  ** 

Horticultural  Hall,  an  ornamental  building  of  white  granite, 
which  stands  on  the  corner  of  Huntington  and  Massachusetts 
Avenues,  is  the  headquarters  of  the  Massachusetts  Horticultural 


(88) 


SYMPHONY  HALL — Hunting  and  Massachusetts  Avenues 


THEATERS  AND  OTHER  AMUSEMENTS 


89 


Society,  one  of  the  oldest  institutions  of  its  kind  in  the  country, 
dating  from  1829.  The  exterior  of  the  building  is  massive  and 
elegant  in  proportion.  The  exterior  granite  statues  of  Ceres,  Flora 
and  Pomona  were  executed  by  Martin  Milmore.  On  the  second  and 
third  floors,  respectively,  are  the  halls  of  the  society,  in  which  its 
exhibitions  are  given. 

Jordan  Hall,  New  England  Conservatory  Building,  corner  of 
Huntington  Avenue  and  Gainsborough  Street;  seating  capacity 
1,019;  exceptional  acoustic  properties. 

Keith’s  New  Theater,  547  Washington  Street,  is  one  of  the  hand¬ 
somest  theaters  in  Boston.  It  is  a  vaudeville  theater,  with  a  con¬ 
tinuous  performance  from  1  p.m.  to  10.30  p.m.  Even  people  who  do 
not  care  for  vaudeville  shows  enjoy  going  to  Keith’s  for  the  delight 
and  exhilaration  afforded  by  the  gayest  and  most  brilliant  example 
of  the  rococo  style  in  the  city.  Admission  from  25  cents  to  $1.50. 

Gaiety,  Washington  near  Boylston.  Burlesque.  Popular  prices, 
25  and  50  cents. 

Shubert  Theater,  Tremont  Street,  opposite  Hollis  Street.  This 
is  Boston’s  newest  first-class  theater,  and  one  of  its  best.  It  is 
artistically  decorated  and  has  a  large  seating  capacity.  High-class 
presentations  are  given.  There  are  Wednesday  and  Saturday 

matinees,  and  prices  range  from  25  cents  to  $2. 

» 

The  Orpheum,  formerly  the  Music  Hall.  Main  entrance  on 
Washington  Street.  This  is  a  plain  brick  building,  without  archi¬ 
tectural  pretensions.  It  was  built  by  private  enterprise  and  opened 
in  1852.  This  is  now  devoted  to  vaudeville. 

Norambega  Park  contains  many  amusement  features,  including 
an  open  air  theater  with  a  capacity  of  thirty-five  hundred.  Other 
features  are  the  Zoological  Garden,  Rifle  Ranges,  Chalet  of  Wonders, 
etc.  A  fine  automobile  garage  is  provided  for  patrons  and  arrange¬ 
ments  are  made  for  canoeing  and  boating. 

The  Park  has  also  within  its  limits  a  fine  restaurant. 

Take  cars  in  the  Subway  or  on  Boylston  Street.  All  cars  going 
to  the  Park  carry  a  blue  flag  on  the  trolley  arm. 

Symphony  Hall,  Huntington  and  Massachusetts  Avenues,  the 
home  of  the  Symphony  Orchestra,  has  a  seating  capacity  of  2,569. 
For  the  accommodation  of  the  audience  there  are  ample  doors  to 
the  corridor  and  likewise  through  the  entrances.  The  main  entrance 
is  on  Huntington  Avenue,  with  one  on  Massachusetts  Avenue.  Two 
passages,  to  be  used  for  exits  only,  are  at  the  stage  end  of  the  hall. 
There  is  room  in  the  corridors  and  vestibules  for  the  entire  seating 
capacity.  >The  interior  decoration  and  lighting  are  up  to  date,  and 
the  new  Symphony  Hall  is  a  credit  to  Boston. 


90 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Mechanics’  Hall  is  in  the  magnificent  building  of  the  Massachu¬ 
setts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  on  Huntington  Avenue,  corner 
of  West  Newton  Street.  It  was  built  especially  for  the  public  exhi¬ 
bitions  (held  about  once  in  three  years)  of  American  Manufactures 
and  Mechanic  arts.  [See  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic 
Association  in  Chapter  VIII.]  It  contains  sittings  for  8,000  people, 
and  is  frequently  let  for  grand  opera  and  other  large  entertainments. 
It  has  all  the  conveniences  for  large  gatherings  and  a  fine  organ. 

Museum  (Austin  &  Stone’s). — This  is  a  dime  museum  and  variety 
theatre,  located  at  4  Tremont  Row.  Continuous  performance. 

Park  Theatre. — This  is  a  small  theatre,  located  at  619  Wash¬ 
ington  Street.  It  was  constructed  from  the  old  Beethoven  Hall 
and  dates  from  1879.  It  is  a  high-class  combination  house,  and 
the  names  of  many  great  actors  and  actresses  are  associated  with 
its  stage.  Though  the  house  is  small,  the  space  is  so  thoroughly 
utilized  that  seats  are  provided  for  over  1,100  persons. 

Pilgrim  Hall,  14  Beacon  St. — Religious  meetings  and  conventions. 

Steinert  Hall.  —  An  auditorium  in  Boylston  Street,  near  Park 
Square,  devoted  mainly  to  music,  but  also  used  for  lectures,  etc. 

Tremont  Theatre. — This  is  located  at  170  Tremont  Street.  It 
was  built  for  Henry  E.  Abbey  and  John  B.  Schoeffel.  The  audi¬ 
torium  is  75  feet  high,  of  the  same  width,  and  80  feet  deep.  It 
is  fashioned  on  the  plan  of  a  mammoth  shell.  On  the  main  floor 
there  are  no  flat  surfaces  of  any  length.  By  this  arrangement 
the  hearing,  as  well  as  the  sight,  gains.  The  ten  oddly-fashioned 
private  boxes  on  either  side  of  the  proscenium  give  a  novel  effect 
to  the  interior.  The  decoration  of  the  main  ceiling  is  modernized 
Renaissance,  treated  in  Gobelin-tapestry  effect,  and  the  coloring 
of  the  walls  is  in  harmonizing  shades.  The  stage  is  73  by  45  feet, 
with  a  height  of  69  feet  to  the  rigging  loft.  The  house  has  2,000 
seats.  The  main  entrance  is  exceptionally  fine,  and  forms  a  broad 
vestibule,  lobby,  and  foyer.  Prices  range  from  $1.50  to  50  cents. 

The  Turnhalle,  at  29  Middlesex  Street,  is  the  headquarters  of 
the  Turners.  It  has  a  pretty  little  theatre,  in  which  German  plays 
are  occasionally  given. 


TREMONT  TEMPLE. 
Tremont  Street  near  School  Street. 


(91) 


92 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Tremont  Temple,  82  Tremont  Street,  is  a  fine  new  building 
erected  on  the  site  of  the  old  Temple,  which  was  destroyed  by  fire 
in  the  year  1893.  It  is  intended  to  be  occupied  on  Sundays  as  a 
place  of  worship,  and  occasionally  on  the  evenings  of  other  days  for 
concerts,  lectures,  etc.,  in  Lorimer  and  Converse  halls. 

Museums  and  Collections. 

Art  and  Picture  Gallery. — In  the  vicinity  of  Boston  Common  are 
found  the  chief  studios  and  art  schools  for  which  the  city  is  famous. 
Doll  &  Richards’  Art  and  Picture  Gallery,  2  Park  Street  has  con¬ 
stantly  changing  exhibitions  of  paintings  by  foreign  and  local  artists. 
Here  also  may  be  seen  a  fine  line  of  engravings,  etchings,  photographs, 
and  frames. 

Boston  Athenaeum,  10  Beacon  Street.  There  is  a  collection  of 
valuable  paintings  and  statuary  in  the  grand  vestibule  and  staircase 
of  the  Athenaeum  Building,  which  can  be  seen  by  visitors  on  any 
week-day  without  charge.  The  library  is  a  private  one,  and  can  be 
visited  only  upon  the  introduction  of  a  member. 

Barnum  Museum — Tuft’s  College,  College  Hill,  Medford.  This 
fine  natural  history  collection  was  the  gift  of  the  late  P  T.  Barnum, 
the  famous  amusement  manager,  and  is  destined  to  become  one  of 
the  most  interesting  museums  in  the  United  States,  additions  being 
frequently  made  to  it.  Among  the  unique  features  of  the  collection 
is  the  stuffed  skin  of  the  famous  elephant,  “  Jumbo,”  and  many  other 
rare  and  curious  specimens. 

Bunker  Hill  Museum. — At  the  base  of  Bunker  Hill  Monument, 
Charlestown  District,  there  is  kept  a  collection  of  interesting  Colonial 
and  Revolutionary  relics. 

Botanical  Garden,  Cambridge.  This  is  one  of  the  largest  and 
finest  collections  of  plants  and  flowers  in  the  country  and  is  free  to 
the  public  daily.  Take  an  “Arlington  ”  car  to  Linnean  Street,  via 
Harvard  Square.  It  was  here  that  Prof.  Asa  Gray  lived  and  worked. 

The  Boston  Natural  History  Museum  is  in  the  building  of  the 
Natural  History  Society,  corner  of  Boylston  and  Berkeley  streets, 
and  is  maintained  by  this  society.  The  collection  of  preserved 
mammals,  birds,  fishes,  shells,  minerals,  and  other  specimens  here 


THEATERS  AND  OTHER  AMUSEMENTS. 


93 


exhibited  is  one  of  the  most  valuable  and  interesting  m  the  country, 
and  the  society’s  library  and  lecture-courses  are  among  the  foremost 
educational  influences  for  science  in  Boston.  It  is  free  to  the  pu  ic 
from  Q  a.  m.  to  5  r.  M.  on  Wednesdays  and  Saturdays.  On  other  days 
it  is  open  from  9  a.  m.  to  5  p.  m.,  and  an  admission  fee  of  25  cents 

is  charged.  #  -  .  , 

Faneuil  Hall  Collection  of  Historical  Paintings.  —  Merchants 
Row  and  Faneuil  Hall  Square.  The  thousands  who  visit  this  shrine 
cf  American  patriotism  will  find  an  interesting  collection  of  historical 
paintings  and  portraits.  It  is  open  to  visitors  every  day  (except  Sun- 
5^)  from  ,  0.  ».  to  4  r.  «•  [Se.  "  l»5>mp'e,  IV. 

Historic  Genealogical  Collection,  18  Somerset  Street.  At  the 
rooms  of  the  New  England  Historic  Genealogical  Society  may  be 
seen  a  large  and  valuable  collection  of  old  engravings,  prints,  and 
books,  possessing  great  interest  for  historians  genealogists  antiqua¬ 
rians,  and  all  who  are  interested  in  the  genealogies  of  New  Engla  • 
The  rooms  are  open  to  the  public,  without  charge,  every  week-day 
from  9  a.  m.  to  5  p.  m.  except  Saturdays,  when  the  hours  are  from 

9  AKriflo  Grotto,  Museum,  and  Gardens,  Wellesley.  William  Emer¬ 
son  Baker,  a  few  years  since,  converted  his  noted  Ridge  Hill  Farms 
into  one  of  the  most  unique  pleasure-grounds.  There  are  rare  and 
beautiful  plants,  a  zoological  collection,  aquarium,  underground  gar¬ 
dens  and  ferneries,  grottoes,  and  various  other  novel  features. 

nominal  admission  fee  is  charged. 

Massachusetts  Historical  Museum,  Boylston  Street  and  Fenway. 
The  Massachusetts  Historical  Society  has  here  a  rare  co  ection  o 
curiosities.  Among  them  are  the  swords  of  Sir  William  Peppere  , 
Miles  Standish,  Colonel  Prescott,  and  others;  a  phial  of  the  tea  washed 
ashore  after  its  having  been  thrown  into  the  harbor  at  the  Bosto 
tea  party”;  an  oak  chair  brought  over  in  “  The  Mayflower  .the 
diary  of  Judge  Samuel  Sewall ;  King  Philip’s  samp-bowl;  portraits  of 
Governors  Winthrop,  Endicott,  and  Winslow,  and  many  other  objects 
of  interest.  Open  from  9  a.  m.  to  5  r-  M-  Admission  free. 

Museum  (Agassiz)  of  Comparative  Zoology,  Oxford  Street,  Ca 
bridge.  This  great  museum,  which  has  no  equal  in  America,  was 
founded  under  the  direction  of  Louis  Agassiz,  one  of  the  foremost 
naturalists  of  the  world,  who  was  associated  with  its  direction  unti 
his  death.  The  exhibition  rooms  comprise  the  synoptic  rooms, 
the  rooms  containing  the  collections  of  mammals,  birds,  reptiles 


94 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


fishes,  mollusks,  Crustacea,  insects,  radiates,  sponges,  protozoa, 
faunal  collections  of  North  and  South  America,  the  Indo- Asiatic,  the 
African,  and  other  realms.  Here,  also,  is  a  collection  of  glassflowers, 
a  most  wonderful  display  of  imitations  of  flowers,  made  by  Leopold 
and  Rudolph  Blaschka  of  Germany,  to  whom  alone  the  process  of 
making  and  coloring  is  known.  The  museum  belongs  to  Harvard 
University.  Open  to  visitors,  every  week-day  throughout  the  year, 
from  9  to  5.  Admission  free. 

The  Old  South  Museum. — In  the  Old  South  Church,  corner  of 
Washington  and  Milk  streets,  is  quite  a  valuable  collection  of  Revo¬ 
lutionary  and  historical  relics.  The  museum  is  open  on  week-days 
from  9  a.  m.  to  6  p.  m.  Admission,  25  cents.  [See  Old  South  Meet¬ 
ing-House,  in  Chapter  IV.] 

Old  State  House  Collection,  Washington,  corner  of  State  Street. 
The  upper  portion  of  the  Old  State  House  is  now  utilized  for  exhibi¬ 
tion  rooms  of  relics  of  historical  interest,  under  the  control  of  the 
Bostonian  Society.  Paintings,  portraits,  antiquities,  etc. ,  form  a  very 
interesting  collection  which  every  visitor  should  see.  Open  to  the 
public  every  day,  except  Sunday,  from  9.30  a.  m.  to  4.30  p.  m.  Ad¬ 
mission  free. 

Peabody  Museum  of  American  Archaeology  and  Ethnology, 

Cambridge.  This  was  founded  by  George  Peabody,  who  gave,  in 
all,  $150,000;  of  this  sum,  $60,000  were  reserved  for  a  building,  which 
was  finished  in  1877.  Its  purpose  is  the  preservation  and  display  of 
everything  relating  to  the  aboriginal,  prehistoric,  human  life  of  this 
continent,  and  it  exhibits  a  great  variety  of  implements,  ornaments, 
and  utensils  of  stone,  clay,  bone,  shell,  and  metal,  models  of  abo¬ 
riginal  houses,  etc.  One  feature  is  Dr.  C.  C.  Abbott’s  famous  series 
of  paleolithic  relics  from  the  Trenton,  N.  J.,  gravel-beds  ;  another  is 
models  of  cliff-dweller  houses  and  of  the  ruined  structures  of  Central 
America.  The  building  adjoins  the  Agassiz  Museum. 

In  July,  1891,  the  government  of  Honduras  gave  to  the  museum, 
by  a  special  edict,  the  charge  of  the  antiquities  of  that  country  for 
ten  years,  with  the  privilege  of  bringing  to  the  museum  one-half  of 
the  collection  obtained  by  explorations  of  the  ancient  cities  and 
burial  places  within  the  borders  of  the  country.  The  Serpent  Mound 
Park,  in  Adams  County,  Ohio,  containing  the  great  Serpent  Mound, 
is  the  property  of  the  Peabody  Museum.  Open  to  the  public  every 
week-day  from  9  to  5  o’clock.  Admission  free. 


THEATERS  AND  OTHER  AMUSEMENTS. 


95 


The  Warren  Museum  of  Natural  History  is  at  82  Chestnut 
Street.  This  is  a  private  museum,  formed,  principally,  from  col¬ 
lections  made  by  Dr.  J.  C.  Warren,  the  noted  surgeon.  Among  the 
curious  objects  on  exhibition  are  the  skeleton  of  the  mastodon  (the 
only  perfect  skeleton  of  the  kind  anywhere),  and  many  other  skele¬ 
tons ;  casts  from  various  objects  in  the  British  Museum,  mummies, 
casts  of  eggs  of  mammoth  birds,  and  many  other  objects  of  great 
interest.  The  collection  is  preserved  in  a  fireproof  building  erected 
for  the  purpose.  Open  only  to  invited  guests. 

Music  and  Musical  Societies. 

The  atmosphere  of  Boston  is  full  of  music,  and  it  is  the  most  assid¬ 
uously  cultivated  of  all  the  arts.  The  regular  weekly  concerts  of  the 
Symphony  Orchestra,  with  the  still  more  popular  “rehearsals,”  draw 
enthusiastic  audiences  from  early  in  the  autumn  until  late  in  the 
spring.  The  opera  seasons  are  brief  and  more  or  less  uncertain; 
but  Boston  makes  the  most  of  what  she  can  get  and  hopes  for  better 
times.  A  recent  writer  says  that  if  “  a  stranger  wished  to  get  a 
glimpse  of  a  typical  old-time  Bostonese  crowd  he  could  do  no  better 
than  to  attend  a  Christmas  oratorio  by  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society 
in  the  Music  Hall,  and,  without  flippancy,  it  may  be  said  that  he 
would  hear  heavenly  music  sung  as  well  as  it  is  likely  to  be  sung  here 
below.  An  eminent  musical  critic  has  made  the  remark  that  if 
there  were  three  of  him  he  might  make  himself  ‘  go  around  ’  so  as  to 
cover  the  concerts  that  are  given  in  the  season,  and  this  conveys  but 
a  hint  of  the  wonderful  activity  in  the  musical  life  of  the  community.” 
The  following  is  a  list  of  the  principal  musical  societies  of  the  city: 

Alphabetical  List  of  Musical  Societies. 

The  Apollo  Club  was  formed  in  1871,  by  a  few  leading  singers  in 
church  choirs  in  the  city,  for  the  performance  of  part-songs  and  cho¬ 
ruses  for  male  voices.  The  number  of  active  members  varies  from 
sixty  to  eighty.  The  number  of  associate  members  is  limited  to  500. 
The  associate  members,  for  an  annual  assessment,  receive  tickets  to 
all  the  concerts  given  by  the  club.  Its  membership  has  included  the 
best  vocalists  of  Boston  among  the  active  members,  and  the  success 
of  the  club  nas  been  such  that  similar  clubs  have  been  formed  in 
many  other  cities,  some  of  them  taking  the  same  name.  No  public 
concerts  are  given,  and  no  tickets  to  its  performances  are  sold.  It  has 
convenient  club-rooms  and  a  hall  for  its  weekly  rehearsals. 


96 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


The  Boylston  Club  is  a  private  musical  society,  which  was  organ¬ 
ized  in  1872,  for  the  study  of  music  for  male  voices  only.  In  1876  the 
club  was  enlarged  by  the  formation  of  an  auxiliary  chorus  for  ladies. 
It  gives  cantatas,  masses,  psalms,  and  four-part  songs  of  the  great 
composers,  and  leaves  oratorios  to  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society. 
The  active  membership  now  numbers  nearly  200.  The  rehearsals  arc 
given  in  the  Mechanics’  Hall,  in  the  building  of  the  Massachusetts 
Charitable  Mechanics’  Association,  and  its  concerts  in  Symphony  Hall. 
Admission  is  by  tickets,  obtainable  only  from  members  of  the  club. 

The  Boston  Symphony  Orchestra  is  a  permanent  organization, 
established  through  the  liberality  of  Col.  Henry  Lee  Higginson. 
During  the  season  it  gives  frequent  concerts  in  Symphony  Hall.  It 
is  doing  a  great  deal  toward  educating  the  people  in  classical  music. 

The  Cecilia  Society  was  originally  formed  in  1874,  within  the  Har¬ 
vard  Musical  Association,  for  part- singing  for  mixed  voices.  Until 
1876  the  Cecilia  took  part  in  Harvard  Symphony  concerts  only;  but 
in  that  year  it  was  reorganized  and  established  on  a  new  and  inde¬ 
pendent  basis,  with  125  active  members.  Later  associate  members 
were  added,  the  limit  being  fixed  at  250,  who  bear  the  expenses  of 
the  association,  receiving  tickets  to  the  concerts,  of  which  four  are 
given  in  each  season.  Admission  to  the  concerts  is  secured  only  by 
membership  or  by  invitation  of  members. 

The  Orpheus  Musical  Society  dates  from  1853.  It  is  the  leading 
musical  association  among  the  Germans  of  Boston.  At  first  only 
Germans  were  admitted  to  membership,  then  Americans  were  per¬ 
mitted  to  become  associate  members,  and  now,  for  several  years,  they 
have  been  welcomed  to  full  membership.  The  Orpheus  is  a  social 
as  well  as  a  musical  club,  and  its  rooms  are  the  scene  of  many  a 
pleasant  festival.  During  each  season  it  gives  several  concerts. 

The  Harvard  Musical  Association  was  organized  in  1837,  to  “Pro_ 
mote  progress  and  knowledge  of  the  best  music,”  and  it  has  done 
much  toward  fulfilling  its  mission.  It  has  a  valuable  library  of 
music,  and  works  of  history,  theory,  and  general  musical  literature, 
open  to  members  only. 

The  Handel  and  Haydn  Society. — This  association,  with  a  single 
exception,  is  the  oldest  musical  society  in  the  country  —  the  oldest 
being  the  Stoughton  Musical  Society,  formed  in  1786.  The  Handel 
and  Haydn  was  established  in  1815,  originating  in  a  meeting  to 
which  were  invited  all  who  were  interested  in  “  the  subject  of  culti- 


THEATERS  AND  OTHER  AMUSEMENTS. 


97 


vating  and  improving  a  correct  taste  in  the  performance  of  sacred 
music.”  Its  first  oratorio  was  given  in  King’s  Chapel,  on  Christmas 
Eve  of  1815,  with  a  chorus  of  100  voices,  only  ten  of  them  being 
female  voices.  Its  orchestra  then  consisted  of  less  than  a  dozen  per¬ 
formers  and  an  organ  accompaniment.  From  that  time  to  the  present 
the  society  has  kept  up  its  efforts  to  cultivate  a  popular  taste  for  the 
best  music.  It  has  a  membership  of  about  500. 

Athletics. 

There  are  several  private  gymnasiums  in  Boston,  two  of  the  best 
of  which  are  the  Allen  Gymnasium  for  Women  and  Children ,  and 
the  Posse  Gymnasium ,  for  both  men  and  women.  The  former  was 
founded  in  1878  by  Miss  Mary  E.  Allen.  It  consists  of  a  school  for 
body  training  (six  years),  and  a  college  of  gymnastics  for  the  educa¬ 
tion  of  teachers.  The  school,  42  Botolph  Street,  is  provided  with  bowl¬ 
ing  alleys,  and  tennis  courts,  and  with  Turkish  baths.  The  Posse 
Gymnasium,  at  206  Massachusetts  Avenue,  was  established  in  1890, 
and  includes  a  normal  school  for  gymnastic  training.  It  is  fitted 
with  Swedish  and  other  apparatus.  Fencing  is  among  the  branches 
taught. 

The  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  at  458  Boylston  Street; 
the  Young  Men's  Christian  Union ,  48  Boylston  Street,  and  the 
Young  Women' s  Christian  Association ,  40  Berkeley  Street,  all  have 
large  and  finely  equipped  gymnasiums. 

The  Boston  Athletic  Association  is  one  of  the  largest  organiza¬ 
tions  of  its  class  in  the  country.  It  occupies  a  fine  club-house  on 
Exeter  Street,  corner  of  Blagden,  which  is  one  of  the  best  equipped 
of  its  kind  in  the  country.  It  has  tennis,  racquet,  and  hand-ball 
courts,  fencing  and  boxing  rooms,  billiard-rooms,  bowling  alleys, 
Turkish  bath,  and  swimming  tank,  and  a  great  gymnasium  provided 
with  the  most  approved  apparatus.  There  are  also  all  the  regular 
features  of  a  modern  club,  including  a  large  restaurant  and  supper- 
rooms.  The  club  was  organized  in  1888,  and  has  over  2,000 
members. 

Field  Sports. 

Boston  is  an  enthusiastic  patron  of  field  sports  which  are  designed 
as  games  for  pleasure  rather  than  exercise  in  strength  and  skill. 


98 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


Baseball  is  played  in  Boston  every  weekday  during  the  season, 
and  many  clubs  are  devoted  to  this  sport.  The  American  League 
grounds  are  located  at  the  corner  of  Huntington  and  Rogers  Avenues, 
and  those  of  the  National  League  at  Columbus  Avenue  and  Walpole 
Street.  The  day  and  hour  of  all  games  are  advertised  in  the  daily 
newspapers. 

Other  Clubs. — There  are  numberless  Fencing ,  Cricket ,  Bicycle , 
Racquet ,  Automobile ,  Golfing ,  Ridi?ig,  Tennis ,  Yachting ,  Row¬ 
ing ,  and  kindred  clubs,  many  having  fine  club-houses,  and  informa¬ 
tion  concerning  them  is  easily  obtained. 

Lectures  in  Boston  are  frequent,  and  the  advertisements  in  the 
daily  papers,  especially  The  Transcript,  The  Globe ,  and  The  Herald , 
should  be  scrutinized  for  information  by  any  one  interested.  Chicker- 
ing  and  Huntington  halls,  Tremont  Temple,  and  the  halls  of  the  Y. 
M.  C.  A.,  the  Y.  M.  C.  U.,  and  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  are  the  usual  places 
for  their  delivery.  The  Lowell  Institute  Lectures,  which  are  a 
permanent  feature  of  educational  work,  are  intended  to  promote  the 
moral,  intellectual,  and  physical  instruction  and  education  of  the 
inhabitants.  Tickets  may  be  obtained  as  advertised  in  the  news¬ 
papers.  Technical  lectures  on  mechanics  are  given  every  year  at 
the  Wells  Memorial  Institute,  987  Washington  Street. 


< 


VI. 

EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS 
LIBRARIES,  ETC. 


Public  Schools. 

In  1635,  less  than  five  years  after  the  settlement  of  Boston,  a  free 
school  was  opened  for  “the  teaching  and  nourishing  of  children  and 
thus  Boston  is  entitled  to  the  honor  of  laying  the  foundation  of  the 
free-school  system  of  America.  Boston  may  well  point  with  pride  to 
her  public  schools,  which,  according  to  recent  statistics,  comprise 
more  than  600  general  and  special  schools,  with  a  registration  o 
about  1 10,000  and  nearly  1 ,500  teachers.  Among  the  special  schools 
are  the  Horace  Mann  School  for  Deaf  Mutes,  and  a  number  of 
evening  schools  for  the  teaching  of  elementary  and  classical  branches 

and  drawing. 

The  Boys'  Latin  and  English  High  School  will  interest  visitors 
more  than  any  of  the  other  public  schools,  because  of  its  tra  1- 
tions  and  the  many  eminent  men  who  have  been  among  its 
pupils  and  graduates.  It  occupies  the  block  bounded  by  Dart¬ 
mouth,  Montgomery,  and  Clarendon  streets  and  Warren  Avenue. 
The  entrance  to  the  Latin  School  is  on  the  Warren  Avenue  front 
and  that  to  the  English  High  School  on  the  Montgomery  Street 
side.  The  structure  is  of  brick,  with  sandstone  trimmings.  _  Most 
of  the  exterior  ornamentation  consists  of  terra-cotta  heads  m  the 
gables  of  the  dormer  windows,  and  terra-cotta  frieze  courses,  t  e 
work  of  S.  H.  Bartlett,  the  sculptor.  Both  the  mam  vestibules 
are  decorate  :■  with  statuary.  On  the  Latin  School  side  is  t  e 
marble  monument,  by  Richard  S.  Greenough,  dedicated  to  those 
graduates  of  the  school  who  took  part  in  the  Civil  War.  On  the 

C99) 


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MASSACHUSETTS  INSTITUTE  OF  TECHNOLOGY— Berkeley  and  Clarendon  Streets. 


EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS ,  ETC. 


101 


English  High  School  side  is  a  marble  group,  by  Benzoni,  of  the 
‘Flight  from  Pompeii,”  the  gift  of  Henry  P.  Kidder,  who  was  a 
rraduate  of  the  school.  William  P.  Clough  was  the  architect  of 
:he  building,  which  was  dedicated  February  22,  1881.  The  Latin 
School  is  the  oldest  school  in  the  country,  antedating  Harvard  by 
pearly  two  years.  Its  first  school-house  stood  on  ground  now 
:overed,  in  part,  by  King’s  Chapel,  and  gave  School  Street  its 
lame.  Among  the  honored  names  enrolled  as  pupils  at  different 
periods  in  its  history,  we  find  those  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  John 
Hancock,  Samuel  Adams,  Robert  Treat  Paine,  William  Hooper, 
Charles  Sumner,  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  Rt.  Rev.  John  B. 
Fitzpatrick,  Revs.  Cotton  Mather,  Henry  Ward  Beecher,  Edward 
Everett  Hale,  and  Bishop  Phillips  Brooks.  The  English  High 
School  was  opened  in  May,  1821,  to  meet  a  want  which  was  ex¬ 
pressed  in  the  report  of  a  committee  appointed  to  consider  the 
‘easibility  of  establishing  an  English  classical  school.  “  The  mode 
)f  education  now  adopted,”  ran  the  report,  “and  the  branches  of 
knowledge  that  are  taught  at  our  English  grammar  schools,  are 
lot  sufficiently  extensive,  nor  otherwise  calculated  to  bring  the 
powers  of  the  mind  into  operation,  nor  to  qualifying  a  youth  to 
ill,  usefully  and  respectably,  many  of  those  stations,  both  public 
md  private,  in  which  he  may  be  placed.  A  parent  who  wishes  to 
pve  a  child  an  education  that  shall  fit  him  for  active  life,  and 
.hall  serve  as  a  foundation  for  eminence  in  his  profession,  whether 
nercantile  or  mechanical,  is  under  the  necessity  of  giving  him  a 
lifferent  education  from  any  which  our  public  schools  can  now 
urnish.  Hence,  many  children  are  separated  from  their  parents 
md  sent  to  private  academies  in  this  vicinity  to  acquire  that 
nstruction  which  can  not  be  obtained  at  the  public  seminaries.” 
ffie  school  more  than  fulfilled  the  hopes  of  its  projectors,  and  is 
o-day  one  of  the  “model”  schools  of  the  United  States. 

The  Girls’  Latin  and  High  School,  formerly  in  its  own  building 
it  West  Newton  and  Pembroke  streets,  now  occupies  new  and 
ommodious  quarters  in  the  Back  Bay.  The  Girls'  High  School 
vas  established  in  1855;  in  connection  with  the  Normal  School.  In 
872  the  two  were  separated.  The  Girls'  Latin  School  was  estab- 
ished  in  1878,  to  provide  a  training  school  for  girls  similar  to  that  given 
he  boys  at  the  old  Latin  School.  The  building  is  well  ventilated  and 
oomy,  and  every  facility  is  afforded  for  thorough  work  in  the  different 


102 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


departments.  A  large  collection  of  casts  of  sculpture  and  statuary, 
the  gifts  of  admiring  friends,  is  among  the  treasures  of  the  school, 
and  is  of  especial  service  to  this  institution,  a  large  proportion  of 
whose  pupils  devote  themselves  to  educational  or  professional  work. 

Among  the  Grammar  Schools  which  are  especially  worthy  of 
notice  are  the  Dwight ,  the  Everett ,  and  the  Prince.  The  last 
named  was  the  first  school -house  in  New  England  arranged  on  the 
German  and  Austrian  plan.  By  this  plan  the  rooms  on  each  floor  are 
placed  on  one  side  of  a  long  corridor,  instead  of  around  a  common 
hall  in  the  middle.  Among  the  advantages  claimed  for  this  method 
of  construction  are  better  ventilation,  better  light,  and  a  more  direct 
connection  between  the  corridors  and  street  entrances. 

The  Horace  Mann  School  for  Deaf  Mutes  is  on  the  east  side  of 
Newbury  Street,  next  to  the  South  Congregational  Church,  which 
stands  at  the  corner  of  Exeter  Street.  It  is  in  an  attractive  building 
of  face-brick  and  block  free-stone  fagade,  with  a  high-arched  entrance¬ 
way.  The  pupils  are  here  taught  to  communicate  by  articulation 
rather  than  by  signs.  They  are  also  trained  in  Sloyd  carving,  in 
drawing  and  penmanship,  and  other  useful  arts. 

The  Boston  Normal  School  is  in  the  third  story  of  the  Rice  School 
Building,  on  Dartmouth  Street.  It  was  established  in  the  city  of 
Boston  in  1852,  by  the  city  council,  on  the  recommendation  of  the 
school  committee.  It  is  interesting  to  note  the  ground  on  which  this 
action  was  based.  In  the  language  of  a  member  of  the  school  com¬ 
mittee  :  “  The  friends  for  further  opportunities  for  the  graduates  of 
our  girls’  grammar  schools,”  fearing  to  revive  an  old  controversy, 
hesitated  to  move  for  a  high  school  ;  and,  therefore,  in  the  faith  that 
they  should  find  no  opposition  to  the  preparation  of  female  teachers, 
established  a  normal  school. 

“It  was  found,  however,  that  girls  iresh  from  the  grammar 
schools  were  not  fit  candidates  for  normal  training.”  So,  in  1854,  the 
school  committee,  with  the  view  of  adapting  the  school  to  the  double 
purpose  of  giving  its  pupils  high  school  and  normal  instruction, 
caused  “  the  introduction  of  a  few  additional  branches  of  study,  and 
a  slight  alteration  in  the  arrangement  of  the  course,”  and  called  it 
the  Girls’  High  and  Normal  School.  But  the  normal  features  were 
soon  quite  overshadowed  by  the  high  school  work. 

To  remedy  this  defect,  a  training  department  was  organized  in 
1864,  and  located  in  Somerset  Street ;  but  in  1870  this  department 


EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS ,  LIBRARIES ,  ETC.  103 

<• 

was  transferred  to  the  then  new  building,  on  West  Newton  Street, 
occupied  by  the  Girls’  High  and  Normal  School. 

The  school  was  continued  under  the  double  name  of  Girls’  High 
and  Normal  School  till  1872.  At  this  time  the  school  committee, 
finding  that  the  normal  element  had  again  been  crowded  out  by  the 
high  school  work,  and  that  the  school  had  almost  lost  its  distinctively 
professional  character,  “  separated  the  two  courses,  and  returned  the 
normal  school  to  its  original  condition,  as  a  separate  school.  Since 
then  its  work  has  been  “  giving  professional  instruction  to  young 
women  who  intend  to  become  teachers  in  the  public  schools  of  Boston.  ” 

Boston  University. — This  institution,  for  the  liberal  education  of 
both  sexes,  was  incorporated  in  1869  by  Lee  Claflin,  Isaac  Rich,  and 
Jacob  Sleeper.  Its  headquarters  are  in  Jacob  Sleeper  Hall,  on  Som¬ 
erset  Street,  near  Beacon.  It  embraces  three  colleges,  three  profes¬ 
sional  schools,  and  a  post-graduate  department  of  universal  science. 
In  Jacob  Sleeper  Hall  are  the  College  of  Liberal  Arts  and  the  School 
of  All  Sciences;  near  at  hand,  in  Ashburton  Place,  is  the  Law  School 
Building;  at  72  Mount  Vernon  Street  is  the  Theological  School 
(Methodist),  and  the  School  of  Medicine,  connected  with  the  Massa¬ 
chusetts  Homoeopathic  Hospital,  is  at  the  south  end.  The  College  of 
Music  was,  in  1891,  adopted  by  the  New  England  Conservatory  of 
Music,  and  constitutes  the  graduate  department  of  that  institution. 
The  College  of  Agriculture  was  established  in  1875  by  an  agreement 
with  the  Massachusetts  Agricultural  College  at  Amherst.  The 
School  of  Law  was  the  first  in  this  country  to  present  a  three-years’ 
course  of  study.  The  School  of  Medicine  was  also  the  first  to  estab¬ 
lish  a  four-years’  course  of  instruction,  and  which,  at  the  end  of  three- 
year  courses,  confers  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Medicine  or  Bachelor 
of  Surgery.  Most  of  the  faculty  of  the  School  of  Medicine  are  homoeo¬ 
pathic  in  theory,  but  its  statutes  provide  for  the  cooperation  of  any 
incorported  State  medical  society  in  the  United  States  in  the  testing  . 
and  graduation  of  students.  The  School  of  All  Sciences  was  organ¬ 
ized  in  1874,  and  it  is  open  to  graduates  only.  It  is  designed,  first, 
for  the  benefit  of  bachelors  of  arts,  philosophy,  or  science,  of  whatso¬ 
ever  college,  who  may  desire  to  receive  post-graduate  instruction; 
and,  secondly,  to  meet  the  wants  of  graduates  in  law,  theology,  medi¬ 
cine,  or  other  professional  courses,  who  may  wish  to  supplement 
their  studies  with  higher  education.  It  has  about  twelve  hundred 
matriculated  students,  nearly  one-third  of  whom  are  women. 


104 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Boston  College,  on  Harrison  Avenue,  adjoining  the  Church  of  the 
Immaculate  Conception,  was  founded,  in  i860,  by  the  Fathers  of  the 
Society  of  Jesus,  and  it  is  conducted  by  that  organization.  It  has  power 
to  confer  all  degrees  usually  conferred  by  colleges,  except  medical.  It 
presents  a  long  and  thorough  course  of  instruction,  in  which  classical 
studies  occupy  a  prominent  place.  It  enrolls  about  400  students,  and 
has  a  corps  of  nineteen  or  twenty  professors.  The  college  buildings 
are  plain  brick  structures,  covering  quite  a  large  area. 

Chauncy  Hall  School,  now  quartered  in  the  Young  Men’s  Chris¬ 
tian  Association  Building,  is  the  oldest  private  school  in  Boston,  and 
was  founded  in  1828.  It  was  first  established  in  Chauncy  Street, 
from  which  circumstance  it  gained  its  name.  It  is  for  both  sexes,  and 
carries  the  pupil  from  the  kindergarten,  through  all  the  departments, 
to  the  college  preparatory.  It  was  the  first  school  in  Boston  to  adopt 
the  military  drill.  Its  former  building,  on  Boylston  Street,  near 
Dartmouth,  is  now  occupied  by  the  Girls’  Latin  School,  for  which  it  is 
well  adapted  by  its  careful  arrangement  for  sanitary  conditions  and 
the  convenience  of  teachers  and  pupils. 

Harvard  University. —  On  October  28,  1636,  the  General  Court  of 
Massachusetts  Bay  voted  “to  give  ^400  towards  a  schoole  or  col- 
ledge.”  This  sum  represented  an  amount  equal  to  the  whole  years’ 
tax  of  the  entire  colony.  In  1637  the  college  was  ordered  established 
at  Newton,  and  the  name  was  changed  to  Cambridge.  In  this  same 
year  Nathaniel  Eaton  was  appointed  master  of  the  school,  and  under 
his  superintendence  a  small  wooden  house  was  built  near  the  site  of 
the  present  Wadsworth  House.  It  had  about  an  acre  of  land  around 
it  and  some  thirty  apple  trees.  Eaton  proved  to  be  a  harsh  and 
penurious  manager,  and  the  scholars  rebelled  at  the  bad  food. 
As  a  result,  Eaton  was  discharged.  In  1638,  the  institution  received 
the  liberal  bequest  of  about  ^780,  and  also  260  books,  from  the  Rev. 
John  Harvard,  late  of  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  England,  who 
died  at  Charlestown  in  that  year.  The  General  Court,  in  memory  of 
the  noble  benefactor,  gave  the  college  his  name.  The  college  was 
thus  placed  on  a  secure  financial  foundation,  which  has  been 
strengthened  and  maintained  by  good  management  and  the  gener¬ 
osity  of  the  alumni  and  other  friends.  Though  connected  with 
Colonial  and  State  governments,  the  university  has  been  from  the 
first  a  private  rather  than  a  public  institution,  supported,  in  the  main, 
by  the  fees  paid  by  its  students  and  the  income  from  gifts. 


MEMORIAL  HALL,  HARVARD  COLLEGE  —  Cambridge. 


< 


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106 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Harvard  is  not  only  the  oldest,  but  one  of  the  richest,  of  American 
colleges.  She  possesses  property  worth  $12,000,000;  her  roll  of 
graduates,  living  and  dead,  contains  nearly  20,000  names  ;  and,  in 
round  numbers,  her  3,000  students  are  taught  by  300  professors 
and  instructors.  Her  list  of  eminent  sons  comprises  the  names  of 
John  Adams,  John  Quincy  Adams,  W.  E.  Channing,  Edward  Ever¬ 
ett,  W.  H.  Prescott,  George  Bancroft,  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  Oliver 
Wendell  Holmes,  Charles  Sumner,  John  Lothrop  Motley,  James 
Russell  Lowell,  E.  E.  Hale,  and  Henry  D.  Thoreau. 

In  Cambridge,  Harvard  has  the  college,  the  graduate  school,  the 
Divinity  school,  the  Lawrence  scientific  school,  and  the  law  school ; 
in  Boston  proper  are  the  dental  school,  the  medical  school,  and  the 
school  of  veterinary  medicine  ;  and  in  Jamaica  Plain  are  the  Bussey 
Institution  and  the  Arnold  Arboretum.  Each  of  these  departments 
is  endowed  with  its  own  funds,  and  independent  of  all  others,  except 
that  all  are  under  one  management.  The  scientific  departments 
include  the  astronomical  observatory,  laboratories  of  chemistry, 
physics,  natural  history,  psychology,  and  physiology  ;  museums  of 
comparative  zoology,  botany,  geology,  mineralogy,  and  archaeology ; 
botanic  gardens,  and  herbaria.  The  university  museum  has  four 
acres  of  floor  space,  and  the  collections  of  the  museum  of  compara¬ 
tive  zoology  alone  cost  $350,000. 

The  College  Yard  is  entered  by  a  gateway  built  of  granite,  brick, 
sandstone,  and  iron.  It  was  erected  with  funds  left  by  Mr.  Samuel 
Johnson  of  the  class  of  1855.  On  its  panels  are  carved  the  shields  of 
the  State,  city,  and  college,  an  emblem  to  the  donor  and  the  nation, 
and  quotations  from  the  early  college  history  and  Colonial  records. 
The  Yard  contains  about  twenty-two  acres,  and  nearly  all  the  avail¬ 
able  space  is  occupied  by  the  buildings  necessary  to  an  institution  of 
such  magnitude.  Massachusetts  Hall  is  the  most  ancient  structure 
about  the  Yard;  it  was  built  in  1720.  Harvard  Hall  dates  from 
1766.  Then,  there  are  University  Hall ,  Gore  Hall,  containing  the 
University  Library;  the  Boylsto?i  Chemical  Laboratory ,  Sever  Hall , 
Holden  Chapel ,  Appleton  Chapel ,  Mathews  Hall ,  Grays  Hall , 
Weld  Hall ,  etc.,  all  in  the  Yard. 

To  the  northward  the  university  has  encroached  on  the  ola  play¬ 
grounds,  Holmes  and  Jarvis  fields,  and  is  rapidly  spreading  all  over 
that  part  of  Cambridge,  with  its  vast  group  of  halls,  laboratories, 
museums,  gymnasiums,  and  professional  schools,  its  botanical  gardens 


LAW  LIBRARY,  HARVARD  COLLEGE  —  Cambridge. 


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HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


and  observatory,  forming  a  small  city  in  themselves.  Some  of  the 
recently  erected  dormitories  are  fine  specimens  of  architecture,  and 
deserve  special  notice.  Among  these  are  Thayer  Hall ,  containing 
sixty-eight  suites  of  rooms,  built  in  1870,  at  a  cost  of  $115,000,  by 
Nathaniel  Thayer,  of  a  wealthy  Boston  family,  in  memory  of  his 
father,  a  minister  of  the  same  name,  and  of  his  brother,  John  Eliot 
Thayer;  Grays  Hall ,  erected  in  1863,  commemorating  the  generous 
gifts  of  the  well-known  Gray  family  of  Boston  ;  Mathews  Hall ,  a 
Gothic  brick  building,  erected  in  1870,  containing  sixty  suites  of  rooms, 
and  Hastings  Hall ,  one  of  the  finest  of  the  college  dormitories,  built 
in  1890,  costing  $243,000,  the  bequest  of  Walter  Hastings. 

Memorial  Hall ,  architecturally  the  most  imposing  of  the  univer¬ 
sity  buildings,  was  erected  by  the  alumni,  in  1870-77,  as  a  memorial 
to  the  Harvard  men  who  died  in  the  Civil  War.  The  building  is  of 
brick  and  sandstone,  310  feet  long  and  115  feet  wide.  The  central 
division  is  the  solemn  Memorial  Transept,  lined  with  marble  tablets, 
set  in  black  walnut  screens,  bearing  the  names  of  the  fallen  heroes,  and 
the  places  and  times  of  their  deaths.  The  transept  is  1 1 5  feet  long  and 
58  feet  high  to  the  handsome  vaulted  roof.  Over  this  transept  a 
sturdy  tower  rises  to  the  height  of  200  feet,  and  forms  a  conspicuous 
landmark.  The  huge  Gothic  dining-hall,  seating  1,000  students, 
opens  from  the  transept.  It  is  164  feet  long,  60  feet  wide,  and  80  feet 
high  to  its  timber  roof,  with  galleries  at  either  end,  and  at  the 
west  end  an  immense  stained-glass  window,  with  the  arms  of  the 
Republic,  the  State,  and  the  university.  The  walls  are  adorned  with 
fine  old  portraits  and  busts,  the  works  of  Copley,  Stuart,  Trumbull, 
Hunt,  Harding,  Powers,  Crawford,  Story,  Greenough,  and  other 
eminent  artists.  Directly  opposite  this  hall,  on  the  right  of  the 
transept,  is  the  entrance  to  Sanders’  Theater,  a  semi-circular  hall, 
with  graded  seats,  accommodating  1,500  persons.  This  is  where 
class-day  and  graduation  exercises  are  held.  The  story  of  the  found¬ 
ing  of  Harvard  College  is  told  in  the  Latin  inscriptions  over  the  stage. 
The  wall  back  of  the  stage  is  ornamented  with  the  college  seal,  three 
books  bearing  the  word  “  Veritas ”  (truth).  Josiah  Quincy,  a  statue 
of  whom  in  marble,  by  Story,  stands  near  the  stage,  was  the  sixteenth 
president  of  the  college.  He  was  born  in  Boston  in  1772,  of  a  famous 
family,  which  gave  its  name  t«~  John  Quincy  Adams  and  to  the  town 
of  Quincy,  and  is  still  represented  by  the  same  old-fashioned  baptis¬ 
mal  name.r  He  was  for  eight  years  in  Congress,  for  six  years  mayor 


EDUCA  TIONAL  INSTITUTIONS ,  LIBRARIES ,  .ETC.  109 

of  Boston— known  as  the  “Great  Mayor” — and  for  sixteen  years 
president  of  Harvard,  and  died  in  1864,  at  the  age  of  93. 

The  statue  of  John  Harvard ,  which  stands  on  “  The  Delta,”  was 
designed  by  Daniel  G.  French  of  Concord.  It  was  given  to  the  univer¬ 
sity  by  Samuel  J.  Bridge.  There  is  no  likeness  of  John  Harvard  in 
existence;  but  this  statue,  representing  a  young  Puritan  scholar,  is  em¬ 
blematic  of  the  courage  and  manhood  of  the  founders  of  New  England. 

Libraries. —  In  addition  to  the  various  society  libraries,  the  uni¬ 
versity  has  twenty-nine  minor  libraries  connected  with  the  various 
departments,  containing  nearly  100,000  volumes,  while  the  Univer¬ 
sity  Library  has  over  350,000  volumes  and  300,000  pamphlets.  There 
are  but  two  libraries  in  America  larger  than  this  one,  the  Public 
Library  of  Boston  and  the  Congressional  Library. 

The  Fogg  Museum  is  the  University’s  art-museum,  housed  in 
a  handsome  little  building  opposite  Memorial  Hall,  open  to  the 
public,  and  of  considerable  interest. 

The  Annex  is  on  the  southeast  corner  of  Garden  and  Mason 
streets.  The  main  building  is  known  as  Fay  House.  This  is  the 
institution  of  the  “  Society  for  the  Collegiate  Instruction  of  Women,” 
established  in  1879  by  Mr.  Arthur  Gilman.  It  has  for  its  object  the 
obtaining  for  women  the  best  instruction  given  in  Harvard.  At  the 
opening  of  the  Annex  there  were  twenty-seven  women  instructed  by 
Harvard  professors,  forty  of  whom  offered  their  services.  The  stu¬ 
dents  come  from  all  parts  of  the  country  ;  from  the  Pacific  coast  and 
Sandwich  Islands.  They  board  in  the  various  Cambridge  homes, 
and  recite  at  Fay  House.  The  entrance  examinations  are  the  same 
as  those  at  Harvard,  and  the  certificates  given  to  the  graduates  state 
that  the  holders  have  performed  the  work  required  by  Harvard 
College  for  its  B.  A.  degree.  The  certificates  are  awarded  upon  the 
recommendations  of  an  academic  board,  composed  almost  exclusively 
of  Harvard  professors.  Fay  House  contains  recitation  rooms,  a 
reference  library,  and  the  botanical  laboratory.  In  other  buildings 
are  laboratories  of  chemistry,  physics,  and  biology.  The  collections 
of  the  college  library  and  museums  are  open  to  the  students,  and 
opportunities  for  study  in  the  Botanic  Garden  and  Herbarium  and 
the  Astronomical  Observatory  are  afforded. 

Departments  of  Harvard  Outside  of  Cambridge. 

The  Bussey  Institution  is  a  school  of  agriculture,  horticulture, 
and  veterinary  science.  Its  grounds  and  buildings  are  in  the 


110 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Jamaica  Plain  District  of  the  city,  near  Forest  Hills  Station  of  the 
Providence  division  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford 
Railroad.  They  occupy  a  part  of  the  noble  estate  bequeathed  to 
the  university  by  Benjamin  Bussey,  who  also  left  funds  in  trust  for 
the  school.  The  Institute  was  opened  in  1870.  The  building  is  a 
tasteful  structure,  in  the  Victoria  Gothic  architecture,  of  Roxbury  pud¬ 
ding-stone,  1 12  feet  long  and  73  feet  wide.  (See  Arnold  Arboretum, 
Chapter  III.)  .  '  \\ 

The  Harvard  Dental  School  is  located  on  North  Grove  Street,  in 
a  building  formerly  occupied  by  the  Harvard  Medical  School. 

The  Harvard  Medical  School  occupies  the  magnificent  group  of 
new  buildings  on  Longwood  Avenue,  Fenway.  This  school  was 
established  at  Cambridge,  in  the  old  Holden  Chapel,  in  1783,  It  was 
removed  to  Boston  in  1810.  The  new  buildings  of  the  Harvard 
Medical  School  are  among  the  largest  and  most  imposing  structures 
devoted  to  such  purposes  in  the  country,  and  the  group  forms  one  of 
the  most  interesting  of  the  city’s  objects  of  interest.  The  interior  is 
admirably  arranged.  The  spacious  class-rooms,  lecture-rooms  and 
laboratories  are  thoroughly  equipped.  A  special  feature  is  che 
Museum  of  Comparative  Anatomy,  founded  in  1846.  The  original 
collection  of  this  museum  was  given  by  Dr.  John  Collins  Warren, 
professor  of  anatomy  and  surgery  in  the  school  from  1815  to  1847. 
The  full  course  at  this  school  is  four  years,  but  on  the  completion 
of  three  years’  study,  and  satisfactory  examinations,  the  degree  of 
Doctor  of  Medicine  is  conferred.  The  school  numbers  about  500 
students,  and  has  a  corps  of  seventy-five  professors,  instructors,  and 
assistants.  The  standard  of  this  school  is  one  of  the  highest  in  the 
country. 

The  School  of  Veterinary  Medicine  is  on  Village  and  Locust 

streets.  Besides  the  school  building,  there  is  a  hospital,  and  at  the 
Bussey  Farm  there  are  pastures  and  buildings  pertaining  to  the 
school. 


Other  Institutions. 

The  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology. — This,  the  leading 
technical  school  in  this  country,  is  located  on  Boylston  Street,  between 
Berkeley  and  Clarendon.  It  was  founded  in  jS6i,  and  its  develop¬ 
ment  has  been  broad  and  rapid.  Its  prominent  feature  is  the 


EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS ,  LIBRARIES ,  ETC.  Ill 

School  of  industrial  Science,  devoted  to  the  teaching  of  science  as 
applied  to  the  various  engineering  professions — civil,  mechanical, 
mining,  electrical,  chemical,  and  sanitary  engineering  —  as  well  as 
to  architecture,  chemistry,  metallurgy,  physics,  and  geology. 
Courses  of  a  less  technical  na’*ure,  designed  as  a  preparation  for 
business  callings,  and  in  biology,  preparatory  to  the  professional 
study  of  medicine,  are  also  given;  and  the  Lowell  School  of  Prac¬ 
tical  Design  is  maintained  by  the  corporation.  The  main  building 
of  the  Institute  of  Technology,  known  as  the  Rogers  Building , 
is  the  oldest  and  most  attractive  of  the  buildings,  and  contains 
over  fifty  rooms,  most  of  them  being  laboratories  or  lecture -rooms. 
This  building  was  named  in  honor  of  Prof.  William  B.  Rogers, 
the  first  president,  and  one  of  the  founders  of  the  school.  Here 
are  the  principal  offices  of  the  school.  The  Walker  Building , 
next  beyond,  toward  Clarendon  Street,  erected  in  1884,  is  devoted, 
mainly,  to  the  departments  of  physics,  chemistry,  and  electricity. 
Other  buildings  are  the  Architectural  Building  and  the  Engi¬ 
neering  Building ,  on  Trinity  Place;  the  Workshops ,  on  Garrison 
Street,  with  a  section  devoted  to  the  Lowell  School  of  Design, 
and  the  Gymnasium  ajid  Drill  Hall  on  Exeter  Street. 

The  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy.  —  The  College  of 
Pharmacy  is  on  the  corner  of  St.  Botolph  and  Garrison  streets.  It 
was  instituted  in  1823  and  chartered  in  1852.  Women  are  admitted 
to  this  institution  on  the  same  conditions  as  men.  Graduates  receive 
the  degree  of  Ph.  G.  The  college  building  was  erected  in  1866,  and 
is  well  arranged,  with  large  lecture  halls  and  laboratories,  cabinets  of 
botanical  and  chemical  drugs,  and  a  great  herbarium.  The  Shepard 
Library  is  a  valuable  collection  of  pharmaceutical,  chemical,  and 
botanical  works,  the  nucleus  of  which  was  the  gift  of  Dr.  A.  B. 
Shepard.  The  college  is  under  the  direction  of  a  board  of  trustees, 
and  it  has  ten  professors  and  instructors. 

The  Perkins  Institution  and  Massachusetts  School  for  the  Blind 
is  on  East  Broadway,  South  Boston.  It  is  a  semi-public  institution, 
organized,  in  1831,  by  the  late  Dr.  Samuel  G.  Howe.  Beginning  with 
six  blind  children  as  the  nucleus  of  the  school,  Doctor  Howe  continued 
as  its  director  until  his  death,  in  1877.  Much  of  the  success  of  the 
school  is  ascribed  to  his  devotion  to  it,  and  his  eminent  fitness  for  the 
work.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son-in-law,  Dr.  Michael  Anagnos, 
who  was  for  many  years  his  faithful  co-worker,  and  wdio  established 
the  kindergarten  in  the  West  Roxbury  District  (corner  of  Perkins  and 


GORE  HALL,  HARVARD  COLLEGE  -  Cambridge. 


EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS ,  LIBRARIES,  ETC.  113 

Day  streets).  The  pupils  use,  in  reading,  the  system  of  raised  letters 
invented  by  Doctor  Howe.  The  library,  containing  11,000  volumes  in 
raised  type,  is  the  largest  general  library  for  the  blind  in  the  world. 
The  asylum  also  possesses  an  interesting  museum  and  a  complete  gym¬ 
nasium.  The  institution  is  partly  self-supporting,  such  of  the  pupils 
as  are  able  to  pay  maintaining  themselves  at  a  boarding-school.  All 
the  pupils  are  taught  some  useful  trade  or  profession.  Several  of  the 
States  pay  for  a  large  number  of  beneficiaries.  In  the  arrangement 
of  the  establishment  the  family  system  is  followed,  and  the  girls 
occupy  dwelling-houses  by  themselves,  the  sexes  being  separated. 
It  is  named  the  Perkins  Institution,  in  honor  of  Col.  Thomas  W. 
Perkins,  a  Bostonian  in  his  day  distinguished  for  good  deeds,  and 
one  of  the  most  generous  benefactors  cf  the  institution. 

The  Normal  Art  School  is  on  the  southeast  corner  of  Exeter  and 
Newbury  streets.  This  school  is  well  equipped  in  every  way. 

The  New  England  Conservatory  of  Music,  George  W.  Chadwick, 
Musical  Director,  is  now  occupying  its  new  building  on  Huntington 
Avenue,  one  block  west  of  Symphony  Hall.  This  building,  which  is 
devoted  entirely  to  educational  purposes,  was  constructed  especially 
to  meet  the  needs  of  this  school,  and  contains  seventy  class  rooms, 
two  auditoriums,  offices,  library,  and  music  store.  The  larger  audi¬ 
torium,  with  the  great  organ  it  contains,  is  the  gift  of  Mr.  Eben  D. 
Jordan.  The  Conservatory  provides  the  most  thorough  instruction 
in  all  departments  of  music,  also  in  pianoforte  and  organ  tuning, 
literature  and  expression,  and  modern  languages.  The  organ  school 
is  especially  complete  in  its  equipment,  and  offers  opportunities  for 
the  study  of  this  instrument  that  can  not  be  procured  in  any  other 
school  in  the  world,  twelve  pipe  organs  (in  addition  to  the  large  organ 
in  Jordan  Hall)  having  been  provided  for  the  use  of  the  pupils.  The 
vocal  school  has  also  been  greatly  enlarged,  and  now  includes  a 
finely  appointed  school  of  opera,  under  the  direction  of  a  conductor 
of  wide  reputation, 

The  Conservatory  residences,  on  Hemenway  Street,  opposite 
Gainsborough,  offer  an  attractive  modern  home  for  more  than  two 
hundred  young  women  students. 

The  Conservatory,  which  is  under  the  control  of  a  board  of  trus¬ 
tees,  has  about  eighty  teachers,  and  the  number  of  pupils  in  daily 
attendance  is  about  thirteen  hundred. 

The  Protestant  Episcopal  Theological  School  in  Cambridge  was 
founded,  in  1867,  on  an  endowment  from  Benjamin  T.  Reed  of  Boston. 


114 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


It  has  eight  professors  and  one  instructor,  and  the  number  of  students 
averages  about  forty.  The  stone  buildings  form  a  noble  and  harmo¬ 
nious  group,  including  Lawrence  Hall  and  Winthrop  Hall,  the  dormi¬ 
tories,  Reed  Hall,  a  cloistered  Gothic  building,  named  after  the 
founder,  and  which  contains  the  library  and  lecture-rooms;  and  St. 
John’s  Memorial  Chapel,  built  in  1869  by  Robert  Means  Mason  of 
Boston,  as  a  memorial  of  his  wife  and  brother,  the  Rev.  Charles 
Mason,  D.  D.  The  chapel  is  a  beautiful  cruciform  edifice  of  Roxbury 
granite  and  free-stone.  Burnham  Hall,  behind  the  chapel,  built  in 
1879  by  the  late  John  A.  Burnham,  contains  a  dining-room  to  accom¬ 
modate  over  100  students.  Rev.  George  Zabriskie  Gray,  D.  D., 
and  Rev.  Elisha  Mulford,  D.  D.,  author  of  “The  Nation”  and 
“  The  Republic  of  God,”  were  connected  with  this  institution  before 
their  deaths.  The  library  of  Harvard  University  is  open  to  mem¬ 
bers  of  the  school. 

St.  John’s  Boston  Ecclesiastical  Seminary  occupies  a  beautiful 
estate  on  Lake  Street,  in  the  Brighton  District.  This  is  a  Roman 
Catholic  institution,  founded  in  1880.  It  numbers  ten  professors  and 
instructors  and  over  100  pupils. 

Wellesley  College  is  situated  in  the  beautiful  village  of  Wellesley, 
about  fifteen  miles  from  Boston,  on  Lake  Waban.  It  has  the  largest 
and  handsomest  building  in  the  world  devoted  exclusively  to  the 
higher  education  of  women.  The  grounds  comprise  over  300  acres 
and  are  very  beautiful. 

Private  Schools. — Besides  the  schools  mentioned  in  the  foregoing 
pages,  Boston  numbers  about  100  private  schools,  which  will  compare 
favorably  with  those  of  any  city  in  the  country.  About  5,000  pupils 
receive  instruction  in  free  denominational  schools,  which  are  chiefly 
Roman  Catholic  institutions. 

Libraries. 

The  public  and  private  libraries  of  Boston  are  in  keeping  with  her 
other  educational  institutions.  To  her  belongs  the  glory  of  possess¬ 
ing  the  largest  public  library  for  free  circulation  in  the  world,  and 
this  library  is  housed  in  the  most  magnificent  public  building  in  the 
country.  Her  many  special  libraries  —  law,  medical,  scientific,  mu¬ 
sical,  and  art  —  are  superior  to  similar  collections  in  other  cities; 
and  the  library  of  Harvard  University,  which  has  been  mentioned 


BOSTON  PUBLIC  LIBRARY — Dartmouth  and  Boylston  Streets 


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116 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


elsewhere  in  this  chapter,  stands  at  the  head  of  the  great  college 
libraries  in  the  United  States. 

The  Boston  Public  Library,  on  Dartmouth  and  Boylston  streets, 
facing  Copley  Square,  was  first  opened  to  the  public  with  a  nucleus 
of  less  than  10,000  books.  It  occupied  quarters  on  Mason  Street,  and 
in  1858,  moved  into  a  building  of  its  own  on  Boylston  Street,  opposite 
the  Common.  In  February,  1895,  it  was  moved  to  the  new  Public 
Library  Building — “  Built  by  the  people  and  dedicated  to  the 
advancement  of  learning.” 

By  successive  annexation  to  the  territory  of  the  city,  the  libraries 
of  the  several  cities  and  towns  annexed  have  become  branches  of 
the  Public  Library,  and  are  carried  on  as  such.  It  has  also  received 
many  bequests  in  money  and  books.  The  total  number  of  volumes 
in  the  library  is  nearly  1,000,000.  The  library  contains  several 
special  collections  which  add  to  the  reputation  of  the  institu¬ 
tion,  and  make  it  a  Mecca  for  scholars  throughout  the  country. 
At  present,  these  special  libraries  are  eleven  in  number.  The 
Patent  Collection  numbers  nearly  5,000  volumes,  and  is  open  to 
indefinite  growth.  The  Bowditch  Mathematical  Library,  of  nearly 
6,000  volumes,  is  enlarged  by  the  yearly  income  of  a  fund  of  $10,000. 
The  Parker  Library,  of  14,000  volumes,  was  left  by  Theodore  Parker, 
with  the  provision  that  they  should  be  made  as  accessible  as  possible. 
The  Prince  Library,  of  about  3,000  volumes,  is  the  most  significant,  if 
not  the  largest  or  most  valuable,  of  all  public  collections  of  Americana 
in  existence.  The  Barton  Library,  of  nearly  14,000  volumes,  contains 
many  fine  specimens  of  book-work  and  binding,  as  well  as  a  remark¬ 
able  Shakesperian  collection.  The  Thayer  Library,  of  more  than 
5,000  volumes,  is  interesting  for  its  portraits  and  plates  of  historical 
and  literary  importance.  The  Franklin  Library,  of  500  volumes,  was 
formed  in  memory  of  the  great  Bostonian,  and  is  aided  in  part  by  the 
income  of  a  gift  from  Dr.  Samuel  A.  Green,  who  conceived  the  idea 
of  making  this  memorial.  The  600  choice  volumes  from  the  library 
of  the  late  John  A.  Lewis  are  devoted  to  early  and  rare  Americana. 
The  Ticknor  Library,  of  6,000  volumes,  is  one  of  the  finest  collections 
of  Spanish  and  Portuguese  literature  outside  of  Spain.  The  late 
George  Ticknor  left  $4,000,  the  income  of  which  is  devoted  to  keep¬ 
ing  up  the  high  reputation  of  this  collection.  The  trustees  have 
recently  been  notified  that  they  are  to  receive,  in  trust,  the  library  left 
to  the  town  of  Quincy  more  than  seventy  years  ago  by  John  Adams, 


EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS,  LIBRARIES,  ETC.  117 

< 

second  president  of  the  United  States.  Another  recent  gift  is  that 
of  the  Hon.  Mellen  Chamberlain,  librarian  of  the  Public  Library  from 
1878  to  1890,  who  gives  a  remarkable  collection  of  autographs  and 
manuscripts.  Close  upon  these  last  mentioned  additions,  another 
valuable  contribution  to  the  library’s  treasures  comes  in  the  shape  of 
a  collection  of  musical  works,  numbering  7,000  volumes,  by  Mr.  Allen 
A.  Brown. 

Public  Library  Building. — The  building  in  which  this  magnifi¬ 
cent  library  is  housed  is  one  of  the  few  public  buildings  in  America 
which  may  be  said  to  be  worthy  of  its  purpose.  It  is  deserving  of 
note  that  neither  individual  benificence  nor  State  or  national  aid 
have  contributed  to  its  erection.  It  has  been  built,  and  has  been 
adorned,  by  the  city  of  Boston  for  her  citizens,  who,  from  the  Back 
Bay  millionaire  down  to  the  humblest  among  them,  will  be  entitled 
to  enjoy  its  treasures  of  art  and  literature.  It  is  not  surprising, 
therefore,  to  find  this  Library  taking  the  leading  place  on  the  list 
of  the  sights  of  Boston.  In  the  Italian  Rennaissance  style  of  archi¬ 
tecture,  it  is  quadrangular  in  shape  and  surrounds  a  court.  With  its 
platform,  it  covers,  exclusive  of  the  court,  an  acre  and  a  half  of 
ground.  Its  walls  are  of  Milford  granite,  which  has  a  faint  pink  tinge, 
and  the  roof  is  of  brown  Spanish  tiles.  The  chief  characteristics  of 
the  building  are  its  simplicity  and  the  accenting  of  the  horizontal 
lines  of  composition.  The  front  consists  of  a  strongly  marked  first 
story  supporting  an  arcaded  second  story,  which  is  surmounted  by  a 
massive  and  projecting  cornice,  the  whole  unbroken  for  225  feet.  The 
whole  structure  rests  on  a  low  platform,  approached  by  wide 
encircling  steps,  which  lifts  the  library  above  the  level  of  Copley 
Square.  Above  the  main  entrance,  and  under  the  three  central 
windows,  are  carved  medallions  bearing  the  seals  of  the  State,  the 
city,  and  the  library.  The  three  arches  of  the  main  portal  admit  us 
to  a  vestibule  with  Tennessee  marble  walls  and  inlaid  pavement. 
The  three  great  doorways  open  into  the  entrance  hall.  The  main 
feature  of  this  hall  is  the  lofty  arched  ceiling  of  marble  mosaics  of 
white  and  delicate  brown  tesserae.  The  designs  are  of  Rennaissance 
scrolls  surrounding  tablets,  upon  which  are  wrought  the  names  of 
prominent  Americans  who  have  in  some  way  been  identified  with 
Boston.  The  list  contains  Garrison,  Phillips,  Sumner,  and  Mann  ; 
Gray,  Bowditch,  Agassiz,  and  Rumford  ;  Stuart,  Copley,  Allston,  and 
Bulfinch  ;  Motley,  Prescott,  and  Bancroft ;  Story,  Shaw,  Webster 


118 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


and  Choate  ;  Eliot  and  Mather,  Channing  and  Parker  ;  Longfellow, 
Hawthorne,  Peirce,  Adams,  Emerson,  and  Franklin.  The  floor  of 
this  hall  is  in  white  and  Breccia  marbles,  inlaid  with  brass.  At  the 
foot  of  the  stairway  the  design  in  the  inlay  is  a  laurel  wreath  sur¬ 
rounding  the  names  of  the  benefactors  of  the  library — Bates, 
Everett,  Quincy,  Bigelow,  Vattemare,  Jewett,  and  Winthrop. 

Opposite  the  entrance  rises  a  monumental  staircase,  the  steps  of 
Echaillon  marble,  and  the  sides  of  richly  colored  Siena  marble  in 
large  sheets.  At  the  wide  landing,  guarding  the  stairs  on  either  side, 
are  the  couchant  marble  lions,  by  St.  Gaudens.  These  were  the 
gifts  of  the  2d  and  20th  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Infantry,  in 
memory  of  their  comrades  who  fell  in  the  Civil  War.  At  the  landing 
double  oak  doors  open  upon  a  balcony  which  overlooks  the  interior 
court.  F rom  the  landing  the  staircase  branches  into  two  stately  flights 
that  end  upon  a  columned  gallery,  which  at  either  end  is  continued 
into  lobbies.  That  on  the  right  leads  to  the  waiting-room;  that  on  the 
left  to  the  room  for  relics.  The  gallery  also  opens  directly  into  Bates 
Hall,  the  great  general  reading-room,  which  stretches  across  the 
whole  front  of  the  building,  and  is  lighted  by  its  main  range  of 
windows.  This  noble  room,  217  feet  in  length,  42  feet  in  breadth, 
and  50  feet  to  the  crown  of  its  barrel-vaulted  ceiling,  containing  half 
a  million  books,  speaks  eloquently  of  the  multitude  of  readers  the 
library  serves.  The  adjoining  room  is  reserved  for  young  readers. 

The  central  court  is  inclosed  by  the  four  wings  of  the  building, 
and  is  entered  through  the  Boylston  Street  portal.  It  is  encircled  on 
three  sides  by  graceful  columnar  arcades  of  marble,  above  which 
rise  walls  of  yellowish  brick,  warm  and  rich  in  tone.  The  calm,  pure 
beauty  of  its  shadowy  arcades,  the  nobility  of  its  solid  upper  walls, 
and  its  air  of  cloistered  seclusion,  make  it  one  of  the  most  impressive 
features  of  the  building.  Seats  are  provided  beneath  its  arcades  and 
under  protecting  awnings,  and  during  the  warm  months  of  the  year 
it  makes  an  ideal  place  for  study. 

“Its  projectors  knew,”  says  a  recent  writer,  “that  architectural 
beauty  can  not  be  completed  without  the  help  of  the  sister  arts;  that 
a  worthy  house  for  Boston’s  books  could  not  be  built  unless  painter 
and  sculptor  should  give  the  architect  their  aid.  But  they  also  knew 
that  the  building’s  mission  was  to  spread  and  encourage  knowledge  : 
they  felt  that  an  intimate  acquaintance  with  beauty  is  one  of  the 
most  precious  and  fructifying  kinds  of  knowledge  ;  and,  realizing  that 


EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS ,  LIBRARIES,  ETC.  119 

< 

this,  in  most  of  its  branches,  can  not  be  acquired  from  books,  they 
determined  to  reinforce  the  voice  of  books  with  the  voice  of  art 
itself.” 

Decorations. — It  will  be  long  before  the  work  of  decorating  Bos¬ 
ton’s  library  is  complete;  but  a  great  beginning  has  been  made — 
the  bronze  doors  by  French,  the  colossal  stairway  decorations  by 
Puvis  de  Chavannes,  and  an  ornamental  fountain,  not  to  mention 
the  large  areas  of  wall  and  ceiling  ultimately  to  be  decorated  by  the 
leading  painters  of  America 

The  decorations  by  Puvis  de  Chavannes,  representing  the  Muses 
greeting  the  Genius  of  Enlightenment,  now  occupy  the  panels  that 
encircle  the  wall  of  the  grand  staircase,  somewhat  above  the  level 
of  the  second  floor,  from  whose  gallery  they  are  .best  viewed. 
The  picture  is  divided  into  five  high  arches.  In  the  center  of  the 
lower  part  a  panel  is  interrupted  by  the  frame  of  a  door;  but  the 
artist  has  skillfully  adapted  his  design  to  these  formal  conditions. 
His  foreground  consists  of  the  turfy  summit  of  a  cliff,  beyond 
which  the  eye  perceives  the  open  sea.  Interspersed  here  and 
there  in  the  greensward  are  heather  and  oak  plants,  while  the 
crest  of  the  cliff  is  bordered  with  a  transparent  curtain  of  young 
trees,  the  light  contours  of  which  stand  clearly  out  upon  the  cerulean 
mass  of  the  ocean. 

In  the  center  of  the  composition  a  naked  youth,  representing  the 
Genius  of  Enlightenment,  with  extended  wings,  rests  upon  clouds, 
his  outstretched  hands  holding  rays  of  light.  To  the  right  and  left 
the  yellowish  white  sky,  studded  with  opaline  gleams,  dominates  the 
deep  blue  sea.  In  the  distant  horizon,  projecting  their  noble  forms 
upon  the  pale  gold  sky,  the  Nine  Muses,  chastely  draped,  rise  from 
both  sides  of  the  grassy  turf,  tuning  their  lyres  and  offering  palms  to 
the  Genius.  Some  of  the  Muses  take  their  flight  from  the  soil;  others 
float  upon  the  azure  with  a  graceful  unrestraint,  like  divine  butter¬ 
flies,  their  white  draperies  loosely  adjusted.  One  of  these  Muses,  at 
the  left,  is  exquisite.  Raising  gently  the  long  veil  that  covered  her 
sleeping  head,  she  awakes,  and  mounts  straight  in  the  heavens,  as 
though  impelled  by  an  unknown  force. 

The  door-frame  occupies  the  center  of  the  turf,  and  at  each  side 
is  an  allegorical  figure,  two  statues  representing  Contemplation  and 
Study,  who  mount  guard  at  both  sides  of  the  door  and  form  a  natural 


120 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


transition  between  the  ideal  landscape  and  the  reality.  The  first 
figure  is  meditative  and  thoughtful;  the  other  fixes  her  regard  upon 
a  book  that  she  holds  upon  her  knees. 

Edwin  A.  Abbey’s  frieze  for  the  delivery  room  is  magnificent. 
The  subject  of  these  pictorial  presentations  \s“The  Quest  of  the 
Holy  Grail  A 

1.  The  first  represents  the  appearance  of  the  Grail  to  the 
infant  Galahad,  who  has  been  left,  after  the  death  of  his  mother, 
a  descendant  of  Joseph  of  Arimathea,  in  a  secluded  convent  to  be 
brought  up  by  the  nuns.  The  holy  maid,  who  holds  the  babe 
aloft  in  her  arms,  feels  the  presence  of  the  vision,  but  she  does  not 
see  it.  The  angel  bearing  the  Grail  floats  upon  widespread  wings  in 
celestial  white. 

2.  The  second  picture  shows  the  young  Galahad,  in  his  red 
robe,  kneeling  in  the  convent  chapel  at  the  close  of  the  all-night 
vigil  which  he  is  required  to  keep  before  starting  out  on  his 
adventures.  Perceval  and  Bors  kneel  behind  Galahad,  fastening 
his  spurs.  They  are  dressed  in  chain-armor,  with  low-pointed 
helmets. 

3.  The  third  painting  represents  the  Round  Table  of  King 
Arthur.  The  vast  circular  hall,  blazing  with  light,  is  filled  with 
knights,  each  in  his  appointed  seat,  and  all  holding  up  the  hilts  of 
their  swords,  as  if  to  swear  to  some  great  vow.  The  king  stands, 
dressed  in  royal  purple  and  gold,  under  a  rich  baldachin,  with 
grotesque  Celtic  heads  carved  upon  it,  and  pillars  of  mosaicked 
marble,  like  those  in  the  churches  of  Salerno  and  Ravello.  One 
seat  alone  is  vacant,  the  chair  of  destiny,  in  which  whoever  sits 
must  lose  himself.  An  aged  man  enters,  leading  Galahad,  whom 
he  proclaims  as  the  hero  who  shall  achieve  the  adventures  of  the 
Holy  Grail. 

4.  In  the  fourth  painting  we  see  knights,  composing  the  host 
of  the  Grail,  under  the  leadership  of  Galahad,  assembled  in  the 
cathedral  to  receive  the  episcopal  benediction  before  setting  out 
on  their  wanderings. 

5.  The  fifth  and  last  completed  painting  in  the  series  repre¬ 
sents  the  castle  of  Amfortas,  the  Fisher  King  of  the  legend,  who 
has  been  wounded  centuries  ago  for  his  failure  to  keep  the  law  of 
purity,  which  is  binding  on  the  Guardian  of  the  Holy  Grail. 
Under  an  enchantment,  he  and  his  court  are  sustained  by  a 


(121) 


122 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


shadowy  life,  while  the  procession  of  the  Grail  passes  nightly 
before  their  eyes.  They  can  not  be  released  by  death  until  the 
unstained  hero  comes  into  the  castle,  and,  by  asking  the  meaning 
of  the  Holy  Grail,  breaks  the  spell.  Galahad  has  arrived  at  the 
Court  of  the  Wounded  King,  and  is  surrounded  by  its  unearthly 
inhabitants.  Amfortas  lies  in  the  center  upon  his  couch,  which  is 
an  ancient  Celtic  coffin,  with  a  bear’s  skin  thrown  over  it.  His 
eyes  are  fixed  on  the  procession  of  the  Grail,  which  passes  before 
him.  Galahad  stands  absorbed  in  the  wonder  of  the  vision,  but 
fails  to  ask  the  question  by  which  alone  the  spell  can  be  dis¬ 
solved,  and  the  quest  of  the  Grail  be  achieved. 

John  S.  Sargent’s  decorations  depict  the  “ Religions  of  the 
World.”  The  work  occupies  all  the  available  space  in  the  large, 
lofty,  and  narrow  hall,  with  a  barrel-vaulted  ceiling,  at  the  top  of 

the  building.  His  latest  work  is  “The  Redemption.” 

The  initial  decorations  have  for  their  theme  the  confusion 
which  fell  upon  the  children  of  Israel  when  they  turned  from  the 

worship  of  Jehovah  to  that  of  the  false  gods  of  heathen  nations. 
The  composition  in  the  lunette  represents  the  children  of  Israel 
beneath  the  yoke  of  their  oppressors,  into  whose  hands  the  Lord 
had  delivered  them.  On  the  left  stands  the  Egyptian,  Pharaoh;  on 
the  right  the  Assyrian  king,  both  monarchs  with  arms  uplifted 
to  strike  with  scourge  and  sword.  The  Israelites,  naked  in  their 
slavery,  bow  in  submission;  their  central  figure  lifts  his  arms  in 
prayer  for  deliverance,  and  behind  the  yoke  a  multitude  of  sup¬ 
plicating  hands  are  raised  in  imploration  to  the  Lord,  to  whom 
his  repentant  people  are  making  burnt-offering  upon  the  altar.  He 
has  heard  their  prayer;  flaming  seraphim  fly  before  the  face  of  the 
Lord,  and  supply  a  superb  decorative  motive  with  the  crimson  of 
their  wings,  which  alone  symbolize  their  presence.  His  face  is 
invisible,  but  His  mighty  arms  reach  down  from  the  cloud  and 
stay  the  hands  of  the  oppressors.  Behind  the  Assyrian  king 
stands  a  protecting  genius,  with  the  body  of  a  man  and  the  head 
of  a  vulture,  holding  in  one  hand  a  bow,  and  in  the  other  two, 
arrows.  Beside  this  figure  is  the  Assyrian  lion,  with  two  ravens 
attacking  a  prostrate  corpse.  The  things  symbolize  the  Assyrian 
cultus.  '  Among  the  deities  attending  the  Egyptian  monarch  is  one 
with  a  lion’s  head  and  wings  of  black  and  gold.  Prostrate  victims 


ED  UCA  TIONA  L  INS  TITU  TIONS,  L IBRA  RIE  S,  E  TC.  1 23 

< 

beneath  the  feet  of  both  Assyrians  and  Egyptians  represent  the 
other  nations  that  were  oppressed  by  them.  The  Assyrian  ravens 
are  balanced  on  the  Egyptian  side  by  vultures  preying  upon  the  dead. 

In  the  ceiling  are  represented  the  pagan  deities,  the  strange  gods 
whom  the  children  of  Israel  went  after  when  they  turned  from 
Jehovah.  Underlying  all  the  figures  that  populate  the  ceiling  is  the 
gigantic,  dark,  and  shadowy  form  of  the  great  goddess,  Neith,  the 
mother  of  the  universe,  the  goddess  whose  temple  at  Sais,  in  Lower 
Egypt,  was  once  the  center  of  wisdom  for  Greece.  The  feet  of  Neith 
touch  the  cornice  on  one  side,  her  uplifted  hands  that  of  the  other, 
and  her  overarching  figure  constitutes  the  firmament,  whose  stars  are 
seen  through  the  ring  of  the  zodiac ,  which  forms  a  collar  for  the  goddess. 

The  third  great  division  of  the  work  is  the  frieze  of  the  Prophets. 
Phis  s^  mbolizes  the  foundation  of  the  religion  of  Israel  upon  the 
structure  of  the  law.  Moses  is  the  central  figure,  and,  in  his  priestly 
robes  and  symbols,  is  treated  conventionally  to  typify  the  authority 
ipon  which  the  faith  is  based.  Moses,  with  the  tablets  of  the  Com- 
nandments,  is  modeled  in  strong  relief  \  the  other  Prophets  are 
minted  on  a  plane  surface .  On  the  right  of  Moses  stands  Daniel ;  on  the 
eft,  J oshua.  The  other  Prophets,  in  their  order  from  left  to  right,  are 
Zephaniah,  Joel,  Obadiah,  Hosea,  Amos,  Nahum,  Ezekiel,  Jeremiah, 
[onah,  Isaiah,  Habakkuk,  Micah,  Haggai,  Malachi,  and  Zachariah. 

Other  Libraries. 

The  Boston  Athenaeum  Building  is  on  Beacon  Street,  between 
rremont  and  Park  streets,  and  is  a  freestone  structure  in  the  later 
talian  style  of  architecture,  which  was  built  over  fifty  years  ago. 
rhe  Athenaeum  originated  in  a  literary  club,  formed  among  a  set  of 
oung  men,  in  1804,  called  the  Anthology  Club,  which,  for  a  while, 
edited  and  published  a  magazine  called  the  Monthly  Anthology.  In 
806  they  established  a  reading-room,  and  a  year  later  obtained  an  act 
•f  incorporation  under  the  present  title.  For  some  years  the  club  sus- 
ained  a  library,  a  museum  of  natural  history,  and  an  art  gallery. 
5ut  the  founding  of  other  societies  devoted  to  these  different  objects, 
-d  the  Athenaeum  to  transfer  to  them  its  various  collections,  retain- 
ig  only  its  valuable  library  and  a  few  pictures,  busts,  and  statues 
Dr  decoration.  Here  will  be  found  a  delightful  reading-room,  and, 
dfile  the  right  to  use  it  is  confined  to  the  shareholders  and  their  farm 
ies,  great  liberality  is  shown  to  scholars  and  strangers,  who  are 


124 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


always  welcomed  with  courtesy.  The  library  contains  nearly 
200,000  volumes,  many  valuable  and  rare.  One  of  its  most  inter¬ 
esting  collections  is  the  library  of  George  Washington,  purchased 
in  1848. 

The  Boston  Medical  Library  Association  occupies  the  house  at 
No.  19  Boylston  Place.  Here  are  reading  rooms,  a  hall  for  the  meet¬ 
ings  of  the  leading  medical  societies  of  the  city,  and  the  library  of 
nearly  20,000  volumes  and  12,000  pamphlets.  This  library  receives 
regularly  over  300  periodicals. 

The  Congregational  Library  to  be  found  in  the  Congregational 
House,  No.  14  Beacon  Street,  erected  in  1898.  This  is  a  beautiful 
and  commodious  building  forming  the  headquarters  of  the  Congrega¬ 
tional  Church  in  the  United  States,  and  including  the  offices  of, 
various  benevolent  societies,  of  The  Congregationalist ,  and  of  the 
American  Board  of  Foreign  Missions.  The  Library  contains  over 
40,000  books  besides  75,000  pamphlets,  etc. 

The  General  Theological  Library,  No.  53  Mount  Vernon  Street,! 
contains  15,000  volumes,  generally  of  a  theological  or  religious  charJ 
acter.  There  is  a  fine  reading  room  in  connection  with  it. 

The  Library  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society  is  housed 
in  the  society’s  new  building,  erected  in  1898,  at  the  corner  of 
Boylston  Street  and  the  Fenway.  This  library  contains  nearly 
40,000  books,  100,000  pamphlets,  and  750  bound  volumes  of  manu¬ 
scripts,  besides  several  thousand  single  manuscripts.  Among  the 
treasures  of  the  library  is  the  Dowse  collection  of  Americana, 
bequeathed  to  the  society  by  the  late  Thomas  Dowse  of  Cambridge. 
Here,  also,  is  to  be  found  the  largest  collection  in  the  country  of1 
books  relating  to  the  Civil  War.  Among  the  valuable  manuscripts 
are  the  letters  and  papers  of  Timothy  Pickering,  Gen.  William  Heath, 
the  Trumbull  and  Belknap  papers,  manuscripts  relating  to  the  French 
in  Canada,  and  two  volumes  of  John  Winthrop’s  Journal. 

The  Library  of  the  New  England  Historic-Genealogical  Societj 
contains  about  25,000  volumes  and  70,000  pamphlets.  It  is  located  ir 
the  rooms  of  the  society,  at  18  Somerset  Street,  just  below  Ashburtor 
Place.  The  library  and  archives  of  the  society  are  freely  open  to  the 
public,  and  are  much  utilized  by  persons  hunting  up  their  genealogies 

The  Natural  History  Museum  Library,  in  the  building  of  the 
Boston  Natural  History  Society,  Boylston  Street,  corner  of  Berkeley 
contains  over  20,000  volumes. 


126 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


The  State  Library  of  Massachusetts  occupies  quarters  in  the 
State  House.  It  is  composed  largely  of  volumes  of  statutes  of  the 
different  States,  Territories,  and  the  United  States,  the  acts  of  the 
British  Parliament,  and  the  French  Archives  Parlimentaires;  and  it 
also  contains  valuable  legal  documents,  law  reports,  works  on  politi¬ 
cal  economy,  education,  and  social  science.  The  number  of  volumes 
is  over  10,000.  The  library  is  open  daily  for  the  use  of  the  Governor 
and  other  officers  of  the  State,  members  of  the  Legislature,  and  the 
general  public,  under  certain  conditions.  All  persons  may  use  it 
for  consultation  or  reference.  Its  conduct  is  under  the  direction  of  a 
board  of  trustees. 

The  Social  Law  Library  is  in  the  court  house,  on  Pemberton 
Square.  It  was  incorporated  in  1814,  and  contains  20,000  law  books. 
The  library  is  open,  under  certain  conditions,  to  members  of  the  bar 
and  other  professional  men. 

The  Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 

Boston’s  priceless  collection  of  art  treasures — one  of  the  largest 
and  finest  extant — is  now  housed  in  one  of  the  most  magnificent 
buildings  of  its  kind  in  the  world.  The  ornate  structure  in  Copley 
Square,  for  many  years  one  of  the  chief  architectural  landmarks 
of  the  city,  long  ago  became  too  small  to  accommodate  either  its 
exhibits  or  its  visitors,  and  the  trustees  of  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts, 
after  three  years  of  careful  study  in  this  and  foreign  countries,  de¬ 
cided  to  erect  the  new  home  of  the  Museum  on  Huntington  avenue, 
in  the  Fenway  district,  recently  occupied. 

Its  location,  in  the  “educational  section”  of  the  city,  is  appro¬ 
priate,  and  its  appearance  is  imposing.  For  the  site,  alone  cover¬ 
ing  nearly  12  acres,  $736,000  was  paid.  The  building  is  of  Maine 
granite  of  warm  gray  tone,  and  may  be  described  as  a  central  two- 
story  block,  320  by  120  feet,  pierced  by  two  glazed  courts  48  by  88 
feet,  and  provided  with  advancing  wings  enclosing  a  forecourt  no 
by  232  feet.  The  frontage  on  Huntington  avenue  is  501  feet,  and 
on  Huntington  Entrance  240  feet. 

The  salient  features  of  this  “popularized,  fatigueless  museum,” 
have  been  described  by  an  expert  as  follows:  “First,  there  is  the 
unity  of  the  entire  plan,  so  that  the  separate  parts,  including  the 
outlying  structures,  are  functionally  related  to  each  other  and  to  a 


EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS ,  LIBRARIES ,  A'TC.  127 


central  architectural  point — the  rotunda  on  the  main  upper  floor  at 
the  head  of  the  staircase  leading  from  the  main  entrance.  Second, 
each  department  is  a  museum  complete  within  itself.  Its  exhibits 
may  be  seen  without  the  necessity  of  entering  or  passing  through  any 
other  department.  Third,  the  collections  of  each  department  are 
divided  into  ‘exhibition  series’  and  ‘study  series,’  the  former 
consisting  of  objects  shown  under  conditions  as  favorable  as  possi¬ 
ble  to  their  display  in  the  galleries  of  the  main  floor,  the  latter  of 
objects  maintained  primarily  for  the  benefit  of  students  and  investi¬ 
gators  on  the  floor  beneath,  under  conditions  analogous  to  those  of 
the  maintenance  of  books  in  a  library.’ 

At  the  main  entrance  and  on  the  ends  of  the  projecting  pavilions, 
are  Ionic  columns,  harmonizing  in  general  taste  with  the  notable 
architecture  of  this  splendid  district.  Everything  conducing  to  the 
comfort  and  convenience  of  visitors  and  students  that  could 
be  thought  of  have  been  introduced.  Illustrated  handbooks  are  at 
the  disposal  of  the  public,  as  well  as  the  services  of  a  trained 
docent.  There  are  Saturday  classes  for  school  teachers  and  “free 
days”  for  the  general  public. 

It  is  confidently  expected  that  the  new  building  will  create  in 
Boston  a  center  of  popular  and  professional  interest  in  the  fine 
arts  to  be  matched  nowhere  else  in  the  world. 

The  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  was  founded  in  1870,  and  was  opened 
in  the  building  of  the  Boston  Athenaeum.  It  has  grown,  in  about 
thirty  years,  to  be  one  of  the  great  museums  of  the  world.  In  the 
department  of  Eastern  art,  and  especially  Japanese  art,  it  is  very 
strong.  In  this  department  and  in  the  department  of  prints,  it  has 
no  rival  in  this  country  outside  of  New  York.  The  collection  of 
pictures  in  oil  and  water  colors  contains  many  productions  of  the 
early  American  and  some  of  the  modern  European  schools. 

The  Institution  has  been  entirely  supported  by  the  generosity 
of  its  friends,  and  by  private  subscriptions.  The  nucleus  of  the 
collection  was  formerly  the  property  of  the  Athenaeum,  and  consisted 
of  paintings  and  casts,  and  a  few  gifts  from  citizens.  When  the 
museum  was  opened,  the  collection  of  casts  was  increased  by  a 
number  purchased  with  the  proceeds  of  a  sale  of  pictures,  be¬ 
queathed  by  Charles  Sumner,  and  by  other  gifts. 


VII. 


CHURCHES  AND  RELIGIOUS  AND 
BENEVOLENT  WORK. 


Sunday  in  Boston. —  The  Puritan  Sunday  is  a  matter  of  history, 
which  it  is  as  hard  for  the  present  generation  to  understand  as 
the  religious  persecution  which  darkens  the  early  annals  of  this 
fair  town.  We  may  turn  from  the  old  laws,  which  forbade  any 
work  “  except  for  necessity  or  charity,”  to  a  Sunday  edition  of 
one  of  the  great  daily  newspapers,  and  read  that  one  of  Boston’s 
prominent  clergymen  will  hold  a  special  service  of  morning 
prayer  for  the  benefit  of  those  persons  who  wish  to  spend  the 
remainder  of  the  day  in  the  enjoyment  of  out-door  life  and  recre¬ 
ation.  It  is  not  that  Boston  has  grown  to  be  a  wicked  city;  quite 
the  reverse.  It  only  proves  that  her  intellectual  and.  spiritual 
development  have,  like  her  material  growth,  been  upon  broad 
and  humanitarian  lines;  and  that  the  mental,  moral,  and  physical 
needs  of  individuals  are  considered  together.  It  is  certainly  more 
Christlike  to  send  the  weary  toiler  from  the  shop  or  factory  for  a 
run  on  the  bicycle  through  the  green  fields,  for  a  sail  on  the  blue 
waters  of  the  bay,  or  for  a  stroll  with  wife  and  children  through 
the  beautiful  parks,  than  to  confine  him  in  the  house  from  sundown 
Saturday  night  until  Monday  morning,  with  no  change  except  to  the 
hard  seats  of  the  meeting-house,  and  the  long,  doctrinal  sermons 
of  the  early  fathers.  And  so,  while  the  day  is  generally  observed, 
and  the  services  of  the  many  churches  are  well  attended,  healthful 
recreation  is  not  only  permitted,  but  provided,  by  the  city  govern¬ 
ment.  The  means  and  principal  places  of  worship  will  be  de¬ 
scribed  below;  in  addition  to  them,  irregular  services  may  be  found 
advertised  in  the  newspapers,  where,  also,  the  hours  of  meeting 
and  the  subject  of  the  next  day’s  sermons  are  announced  for 
many  of  the  leading  churches.  The  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  and  the 

(128) 


CHURCHES . 


129 


Public  Library  are  open  during  the  usual  hours.  Most,  if  not  all, 
of  the  excursion  boats  which,  in  summer,  ply  between  Boston  and 
the  seaside  resorts,  make  their  ordinary  trips,  and  these  places  are 
more  crowded  upon  this  than  upon  any  other  day  of  the  week. 
The  parks  offer  unrivaled  facilities  for  quiet  enjoyment,  and  are 
easily  reached  by  electric  cars  from  different  parts  of  the  city. 
All  places  for  the  sale  of  liquor  are  closed  by  law  during  the 
twenty-four  hours  from  midnight  of  Saturday  to  midnight  of  Sun¬ 
day,  and  business  generally  is  suspended. 

Protestant  Churches. 

Every  denomination  of  Christians  is  represented  in  Boston.  There 
are  nearly  300  places  of  worship  in  the  city,  and  in  all  of  them 
strangers  are  welcome,  and  are  cheerfully  provided  with  seats, 
so  long  as  there  are  any  vacant.  Services  in  the  Protestant  churches 
begin  in  the  morning,  generally  at  10.30  ;  and  in  the  evening  at  7.30. 
The  Roman  Catholic  churches  celebrate  high  mass  and  vespers  at 
about  the  same  hour.  Nothing  is  implied  in  the  order  in  which  the 
denominations  are  mentioned  herein,  except  that  it  seems  suitable  to 
begin  with  the  oldest. 

The  Congregational  Unitarian  denomination  has  the  honor  of 
possessing  the  oldest  Protestant  organization  in  Boston.  The  First 
Church  of  Boston  was  organized  by  John  Winthrop,  Thomas  Dud¬ 
ley,  and  other  leaders  of  the  Colonists,  in  Charlestown,  under  a  great 
oak,  in  the  summer  of  1630.  It  was  given  the  name  of  the  “First 
Church  of  Christ  in  Boston,”  when  they  moved  over  to  the  neighbor¬ 
ing  peninsula.  The  first  meeting-house,  with  mud  walls  and  thatched 
roof,  stood  on  the  south  side  of  State  Street,  about  where  Brazer’s 
Building  now  stands.  The  present  edifice,  on  the  corner  of  Berkeley 
and  Marlborough  streets,  is  the  fourth  building  occupied  by  this 
society.  It  is  a  highly  ornamented  stone  building,  with  a  rich  and 
tasteful  interior.  It  seats  about  i^ooo  persons.  John  Wilson  was 
the  first  minister  of  the  church,  and  John  Cotton  the  second.  It 
became  Unitarian  toward  the  close  of  the  long  service  of  Charles 
Chauncy,  who  was  minister  from  1727  to  1787.  Rev.  William  Emer 
son,  father  of  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  was  minister  from  1799  to  1811. 
Rev.  Rufus  Ellis  was  pastor  from  1853  until  his  death,  September  23, 
1885. 

The  second  church  established  in  Boston  is  represented  by  the 


130 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


Second  Unitarian  Church ,  in  Copley  Square.  The  society  was 
organized  in  1649,  and  has  occupied  six  different  meeting-houses.  In 
the  belfry  of  the  third  meeting-house  hung  the  first  bell  cast  in 
Boston,  made  by  Paul  Revere,  in  1792.  The  first  minister  of  the 
church  was  Rev.  John  Mayo.  Rev.  Increase  Mather  was  the  second, 
his  service  covering  fifty-nine  years  (1664-1723).  During  the  greater 
portion  of  this  period,  Cotton  Mather  was  his  colleague  (1685-1728); 
and  Samuel  Mather  was  minister  from  1732  to  1741.  The  first 
Unitarian  minister  was  Rev.  John  Lathrop  (1768-1816).  Succeeding 
pastors  were  Revs.  Henry  Ware,  Jr.,  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  Chand¬ 
ler  Robbins,  Robert  Laird  Collier,  and  Edward  A.  Horton.  Present 
pastor,  Rev.  Thomas  Van  Ness,  installed  in  1893. 

Another  prominent  church  of  this  denomination  is  the  Church  of 
the  Disciples ,  on  Warren  Avenue,  which  was  founded  by  the  late 
James  Freeman  Clarke,  in  1841,  “  to  embody  the  three  principles  of 
a  free  church,  a  social  church,  and  a  church  in  which  the  members, 
as  well  as  the  pastor,  should  take  part.”  Rev.  Charles  G.  Ames  is 
the  present  pastor.  The  present  meeting-house  was  dedicated  in 
1869.  The  Church  of  the  Unity ,  on  Walnut  Street,  corner  of  Oakman, 
Neponset,  of  which  the  Rev.  Minot  J.  Savage  was  the  pastor  until 
recently,  is  one  of  the  most  active  churches  in  the  city  in  the  prose¬ 
cution  of  all  good  works.  The  Arlington  Street  Church ,  on  the 
corner  of  Arlington  and  Boylston  streets,  is  a  successor  of  the  old 
Federal  Street  Church,  organized  in  1724,  under  the  Presbyterian 
form.  It  became  Unitarian  in  1786.  The  exterior  of  the  building  is 
plain,  with  a  well-proportioned  tower  and  steeple,  placed  in  the 
middle  of  the  front.  The  interior  is  modeled  after  the  Church  of  S. 
Annunziata,  at  Genoa,  by  Giacomo  Della  Porta.  A  fine  range 
of  Corinthian  columns  divides  it  into  a  nave  and  two  aisles.  In  the 
tower  is  hung  a  chime  of  sixteen  bells,  a  gift  from  the  late  Jonathan 
Phillips.  The  list  of  pastors  of  the  church  is  short  and  distinguished  : 
Belknap,  John  S.  Popkin,  Wm.  Ellery  Channing,  Ezra  S.  Gannett, 
John  F.  W.  Ware,  Brooke  Herford,  John  Cuckson,  and  Rev.  Paul 
Revere  Frothingham,  the  present  pastor. 

Congregational  Trinitarian. — This  denomination  stands  at  the 
head  of  Protestant  organizations  in  Boston  in  the  number  of  its 
churches.  Among  its  forty-two  societies,  that  of  the  Old  South  is  the 
most  ancient.  [For  description  of  the  Old  South  Meeting-House,  see 
Chapter  IV.]  This  was  the  third  church  established  in  Boston,  and 


ARLINGTON  STREET  CHURCH  —  Corner  Boylston  and  Arlington  Streets. 


(131) 


132 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


was  “gathered”  in  1669.  Its  present  home,  the  New  Old  South 
Church ,  is  the  costly  and  imposing  edifice  on  Boylston,  corner  of 
Dartmouth  Street,  and  is  one  of  the  striking  features  of  Copley  Square. 
It  is  built  of  Roxbury  and  Ohio  stone,  in  the  Northern  Italian  Gothic 
style  of  architecture.  It  is  cruciform,  and  has  a  great  tower  which 
rises  240  feet.  From  this  tower  an  arcade,  which  shelters  memorial 
tablets,  extends  to  the  south  transept.  Along  the  walls  is  a  belt  of 
gray  sandstone,  on  which  are  carved  the  representations,  vines,  and 
fruit,  among  wThich  animals  and  birds  are  seen.  Over  the  center  of 
the  edifice  rises  a  large  lantern  of  gilded  copper,  with  twelve  windows. 
The  interior  is  finished  in  cherry-wood  and  frescoed.  The  stained- 
glass  window  back  of  the  pulpit  represents  the  announcement  of 
Christ’s  birth  to  the  shepherds.  The  south  transept  window  illustrates 
the  five  parables  ;  that  in  the  north  transept,  the  five  miracles,  and 
those  in  the  nave,  the  prophets  and  apostles.  Over  the  doorways  are 
three  panels  of  Venetian  mosaic.  The  present  pastor  is  Rev.  George 
A.  Gordon.  Park  Street  Church ,  marking  the  corner  of  Tremont 
and  Park  streets,  was  built  in  1809.  This  was  the  first  Congrega¬ 
tional  Trinitarian  church  established  after  the  great  Unitarian 
movement  which  caused  such  a  breaking  up  of  lines  in  orthodox 
ranks.  In  the  early  days  the  singing  of  the  Park  Street  choir,  com¬ 
posed  of  fifty  singers,  with  flute,  bassoon,  and  violonrello  accompani¬ 
ment,  was  an  attractive  feature  of  the  Sunday  service  Rev.  Dr.  J.  L. 
Withrow  is  the  pastor.  Berkeley  Temple ,  corner  of  Berkeley  Street 
and  Warren  Avenue,  is  the  leading  institutional  church  of  New  Eng¬ 
land.  The  Rev.  Allan  A.  Stockdale  is  pastor. 

Episcopalian. — The  first  church  of  this  faith  established  in  Boston 
was  King’s  Chapel,  and  the  second  old  Christ  Church.  [For  history 
and  description  of  these  churches  see  Old  Landmarks,  Chapter  IV.] 
Trinity  Church ,  third  Protestant  Episcopal  church  in  Boston,  was 
founded  in  1728.  The  present  beautiful  church  edifice  in  Copley 
Square  is  the  third  building  occupied  by  the  society.  The  building 
is  considered  the  master  piece  of  the  great  architect,  Richardson,  and 
it  is  open  to  visitors  every  day,  except  Sunday,  from  9  A.  m.  to  5  p.  m. 
The  architecture  is  the  French  Romanesque.  Its  shape  is  that  of  a 
Latin  cross,  with  a  semicircular  apse  added  to  the  eastern  arm  and 
short  transepts.  The  massive  central  tower  is  supported  by  four  piers, 
close  to  the  angles  of  the  building,  and  stands  on  the  square  at  the 
intersection  of  nave  and  transepts.  The  finial  on  the  tower  is  211  feet 


KING’S  CHAPEL  —  Corner  Tremont  and  School  Stree 


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134 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


from  the  ground.  The  stone  of  which  the  walls  of  the  church  are 
constructed  is  yellowish  Dedham  and  Westerly  granite,  with  freestone 
trimmings.  The  vestibules  are  finished  in  oak  and  ash,  and  the 
interior  of  the  church  in  black  walnut.  The  clear-story  is  carried  by 
an  arcade  of  two  arches.  Above  the  aisles  a  gallery  is  carried  across 
the  arches,  which  is  called  the  “  triforium  ”  gallery,  and  connects  the 
three  main  galleries,  one  across  each  transept,  and  the  third  across 
the  west  end  of  the  nave.  The  chancel  is  57  feet  deep  and  53  feet 
wide.  It  contains  beautiful  stained  memorial  windows,  a  brass 
lectern,  and  a  marble  font.  The  decorative  work  of  the  interior  is 
by  John  La  Farge.  In  the  great  tower  are  painted  colossal  figures 
of  David  and  Moses,  Peter  and  Paul,  Isaiah  and  Jeremiah,  with 
scriptural  scenes  high  above.  In  the  nave  is  a  fresco  of  Christ  and  the 
Samaritan  woman. 

The  building  is  160  feet  long  and  120  feet  wide  at  the  transepts.  It 
rests  upon  4,500  piles.  The  great  tower  weighs  over  18,000  tons. 
The  chapel  is  connected  with  the  church  by  an  open  cloister.  The 
cost  of  trinity,  land  and  building,  was  $750,000.  Trinity  Church  has 
had  many  famous  rectors,  among  them  Revs.  Samuel  Parker,  second 
Bishop  of  Massachusetts;  John  Sylvester,  John  Gardiner,  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Athenaeum;  J.  W.  Doane,  afterward  Bishop  of  New 
Jersey,  and  founder  of  Burlington  College;  John  W.  Hopkins,  after¬ 
ward  first  Bishop  of  Vermont;  Manton  Eastburn,  fourth  Bishop  of 
Massachusetts;  and  Phillip  Brooks,  sixth  Bishop  of  Massachusetts. 
Phillips  Brooks’  service  as  rector  covered  a  period  of  twenty-two 
years  (1869-91).  Present  rector,  Rev.  Alexander  Mann. 

In  the  busiest  part  of  Tremont  Street,  surrounded  by  modern  busi¬ 
ness  buildings,  rise  the  gray  granite  walls  of  St.  Paul s  Church ,  the 
fourth  Episcopal  society  of  Boston.  It  was  built  in  1820,  and 
features  of  the  interior  are  the  memorial  tablets  and  the  high,  old- 
fashioned  pews.  The  present  rector  of  the  church  is  Rev.  Dr  Thomas 
A.  Jaggar.  The  Church  of  the  Advent ,  on  the  corner  of  Mount 
Vernon  and  Brimmer  streets,  is  of  the  High  Church  school.  The 
exquisite  music  which  is  rendered  by  the  boy  choir  of  this  church  is 
a  feature  of  the  Sunday  services.  The  Church  of  the  Messiah , 
in  St.  Stephen  Street,  near  Huntington  Avenue,  in  the  Back  Bay,  is 
“high  church,”  giving  the  full  English  Cathedral  Service.  The 
rector  is  the  Rev.  John  McGaw  Foster. 


CHURCHES. 


135 


The  Baptist  Church  in  Boston  goes  back  to  the  days  of  religious 
persecution,  the  first  society  of  the  Colony  having  been  established  in 
Charlestown  in  1665.  It  was  soon  driven  to  Noddle’s  Island,  now 
East  Boston,  which  then  contained  but  one  dwelling.  The  first  meet¬ 
ing-house  was  built  at  the  North  End,  in  Boston,  on  the  corner  of 
Salem  and  Stillman  streets,  in  1679.  The  First  Baptist  Church ,  on 
the  corner  of  Commonwealth  Avenue  and  Clarendon  Street,  is  the 
descendant  of  that  society.  The  church  building  was  designed  by 
the  late  H.  H.  Richardson  for  the  society  of  the  Brattle  Square 
Church,  and  it  was  purchased  by  the  First  Baptist  Society  in  1882. 
The  main  feature  of  the  church  is  the  massive  square  tower,  which  is 
176  feet  high.  On  the  frieze,  between  the  belfry  arches  and  the 
cornice,  are  colossal  figures  in  high  relief,  which  were  carved  by 
Italian  sculptors,  from  designs  by  Bartholdi,  after  the  stone  had  been 
put  in  position.  The  groups  represent  the  four  Christian  eras,  Baptism, 
Communion,  Marriage,  and  Death.  The  statues  at  the  corners  of  the 
tower  typify  the  Angels  of  the  Judgment  blowing  their  trumpets. 
The  building  is  in  the  form  of  a  Greek  cross,  and  the  interior  is  lighted 
by  three  rose  windows.  The  Rev.  Francis  H.  Rowley,  D.  D.,  is  the 
pastor.  The  Tre7nont  Temple  Church ,  a  Free  Baptist  Church,  was 
organized  in  1839,  and  l°ng  established  in  Tremont  Temple,  which 
was  burned  in  1893  and  has  been  succeeded  by  the  new  Tremont 
Temple. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  has  thirty-two  organizations 
within  the  city.  The  Tremont  Methodist  Church,  on  the  corner  of 
Tremont  and  West  Concord  streets,  is  the  finest  church  building  be¬ 
longing  to  this  denominaton  in  the  city.  It  is  in  the  plain  gothic 
style,  and  is  constructed  of  Roxbury  stone. 

The  churches  of  this  denomination  are  to  be  found  in  every  part 
of  the  city,  and  they  are  in  the  van  in  all  missionary  and  charitable 
work. 

Presbyterianism  has  not  kept  pace  with  other  religious  sects  in 
Boston,  and  at  present  has  but  nine  church  organizations.  The  First 
Presbyterian  Church ,  Berkeley  Street,  corner  of  Columbus  Avenue; 
the  First  Reformed  Presbyterian  Church ,  on  Ferdinand,  corner  of 
Isabella  Street,  and  the  Scotch  Presbyterian  Church ,  on  Warrenton 
Street,  are  among  the  more  prominent  societies  of  the  denomination 
in  the  city. 


138 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Of  Universalist  churches  Boston  has  but  ten.  The  first  church 
was  on  School  Street.  Its  site  is  now  occupied  by  the  School  Street 
Block.  Their  present  house  of  worship  is  on  Guild  Row,  corner  of 
Dudley  Street.  The  Second  Universalist  Church  is  on  Columbus 
Avenue,  corner  of  Clarendon  Street.  This  has  been  the  pulpit  of 
the  Rev.  Stephen  H.  Roblin  since  1895.  His  predecessor  was  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Alonzo  A.  Miner,  who  succeeded  the  Rev.  E.  H.  Chapin. 

The  Israelitish  population  of  the  city  is  centered  in  the  old  North 
End,  and  most  of  their  synagogues,  numbering  thirteen,  are  located 
in  that  part  of  the  town.  The  oldest  Jewish  society,  that  of  the 
“  Ohabei  Shalom,”  has  for  its  synagogue  the  old  South  Congrega¬ 
tional  Church  at  11  Union  Park  Street.  The  Temple  of  Adath 
Israel  is  on  Columbus  Avenue,  corner  of  Northampton  Street.  It 
is  a  handsome  Romanesque  building  of  brick,  brown  stone,  and 
terra-cotta,  and  contains  six  hundred  sittings.  It  is  the  principal 
synagogue  in  Boston. 

Some  miscellaneous  churches  should  be  mentioned.  The  Work¬ 
ing  Union  of  Progressive  Spiritualists  occupy  the  “Spiritual 
Temple,”  corner  of  Exeter  and  Newbury  streets.  This  is  the  first 
meeting-house  for  Spiritualists  erected  in  the  city.  It  was  built  in 
1885,  and  its  cost,  $250,000,  was  met  by  Marcellus  J.  Ayer,  a  wealthy 
merchant.  The  oldest  Swedenborgian  Church  in  the  city  is  a  pic¬ 
turesque  Gothic  1  louse  on  Bowdoin  Street.  This  society  was  organized 
in  1818.  The  Salvation  Army  has  meeting  places  at  7  Green  Street, 
and  2058  Washington  Street.  The  People's  Temple ,  corner  of  Colum¬ 
bus  Avenue  and  Berkeley  Street,  is  a  free  church,  and  the  aim  of  its 
supporters  is  to  make  it  attractive  to  all  classes  of  people.  The  seat¬ 
ing  capacity  is  from  three  to  four  thousand.  This  church  was  largely 
the  conception  of  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Hamilton,  a  Methodist  clergyman. 
The  Christian  Scientists  occupy  the  First  Church  of  Christ ,  on  Fal¬ 
mouth  Street,  corner  of  Norway.  The  Latter  Day  Saints  worship 
at  1821  Washington  Street.  The  Friends'  Meeting  House  is  on 
Townsend,  near  Warren  Street,  Roxbury  District.  The  Seventh 
Day  Adventists  are  located  at  26  Union  Park  Street. 

Roman  Catholic  Churches. 

Roman  Catholicism  met  with  many  obstacles  in  its  efforts  to  gain 
a  foothold  in  Boston.  But,  when  once  established,  its  growth  was 
steady  and  rapid,  and  to-day  it  probably  leads  all  other  sects  in  the 


(137) 


138 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


number  of  its  communicants.  It  has  fifty-four  churches,  outnumber¬ 
ing,  in  this  particular,  every  Protestant  denomination,  even  the 
Congregational  Trinitarian.  In  all  charitable  and  benevolent  work, 
it  is  fully  abreast  of  the  times.  Mass  was  first  celebrated  in  Boston 
in  November,  1788,  in  a  building  which  stood  on  the  present  site  of 
the  School  Street  Building.  This  was  the  old  Huguenot  meeting¬ 
house,  built  in  1704.  Afterward  it  became  the  meeting-house  of  a 
congregation  of  independent  worshipers,  and,  finally,  the  first  Cath¬ 
olic  church. 

The  Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross ,  on  the  corner  of  Washington 
and  Malden  streets,  is  the  largest  and  most  noteworthy  Catholic 
church  in  New  England.  It  is  constructed  of  the  variegated  Rox- 
bury  stone,  and  the  architecture  is  the  early  English  Gothic.  The 
massive  towers  will  eventually  be  surmounted  by  spires,  respectively 
300  and  200  feet  high.  The  cathedral,  with  its  chapels,  covers  more 
than  an  acre  of  ground,  and  it  has  a  seating  capacity  of  3,500.  The 
interior  of  the  church  is  divided  by  rows  of  bronzed  pillars,  which 
support  a  high  clear-story  and  an  open  timber  roof.  The  large  win¬ 
dows  are  filled  with  stained  glass,  representing  various  scriptural 
scenes  and  characters.  The  chancel  windows  show  the  Crucifixion, 
the  Nativity,  and  the  Ascension;  and  those  of  the  transept,  each 
covering  800  square  feet,  represent  the  “  Finding  of  the  True  Cross,” 
and  the  “  Exaltation  of  the  Cross,”  by  the  Emperor  Heraclius,  after 
its  recovery  from  the  Persians.  The  nave  is  125  feet  high.  Beneath 
it  are  class-rooms,  chapels,  and  a  crypt  for  the  burial  of  bishops. 
The  chancel  contains  a  beautiful  altar  of  variegated  marble.  The 
organ,  which  is  built  around  the  rose  window  on  the  west  side,  is  one 
of  the  finest  instruments  in  the  country.  It  has  5,292  pipes  and  100 
stops.  At  the  northeast  corner  of  the  building  is  the  beautiful  Chapel 
of  the  Blessed  Sacrament,  containing  the  altar  of  the  first  Boston 
cathedral,  which  stood  on  Franklin  Street.  At  the  southeast  corner 
is  the  Chapel  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,  and  in  this  is  the  costly  marble 
statue  of  the  Virgin.  In  the  cathedral  yard  is  a  bronze  statue  of 
Columbus ,  by  Alois  Buyens.  It  is  a  replica  of  the  San  Domingo 
monument.  It  represents  the  explorer  in  the  attitude  of  giving 
thanks,  the  left  hand  raised,  and  the  right  pointing  to  the  globe  at 
his  side.  The  figure  and  pedestal  are  twenty-five  feet  high.  The  man¬ 
sion-house  of  the  archbishop  and  the  chief  offices  of  the  denomi¬ 
nation  are  on  Union  Park  Street,  at  the  rear  of  the  cathedral. 


CHURCHES. 


139 


The  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception  is  on  Harrison 
Avenue,  corner  of  East  Concord  Street.  The  church  was  begun  in 
1857,  and  completed  in  1861.  It  is  a  solid  structure  of  granite,  without 
tower  or  spire.  Above  the  entrance  is  a  statue  of  the  Virgin  Mary, 
while  above  all  stands  a  statue  of  the  Saviour.  The  interior  is  very 
fine.  It  is  finished  mainly  in  white,  except  at  the  altar  end,  where 
the  ornamentation  is  exceedingly  rich.  On  the  keystone  of  the  chan¬ 
cel  arch  is  a  bust  representing  Christ;  on  the  opposite  arch,  over  the 
choir  gallery,  one  representing  the  Virgin,  and  on  the  capitals  of  the 
columns  are  busts  of  the  saints  of  the  Society  of  Jesus.  On  the 
panels  of  the  rich  marble  altar  the  life  of  the  Virgin  is  sculptured;  and 
on  either  side  of  the  structure  are  'three  Corinthian  columns,  with 
entablatures  and  broken  arches,  surmounted  by  statues  of  the 
Immaculate  Conception  of  the  Virgin,  the  whole  terminated  by  a 
silver  cross,  with  an  angel  on  each  side.  On  the  right  of  the  broken 
arch  is  a  figure  of  St.  Ignatius,  and  on  the  opposite  side  one  of  St. 
Francis  Xavier.  The  painting  of  the  Crucifixion,  behind  the  altar,  is 
by  Garibaldi  of  Rome.  In  the  center  of  the  elliptic  dome,  over  the 
chancel,  is  a  dove  with  outspread  wings.  The  two  side  chapels 
within  the  chancel  are  dedicated  to  St.  Joseph  and  St.  Aloysius. 

Other  Religious  Organizations. 

There  are  a  great  number  of  missionary  and  religious  societies, 
both  unsectarian  and  denominational,  which  do  a  beneficent  work  in 
the  city.  Some  of  these  are  national  in  character;  others  purely 
local.  Among  these  may  be  mentioned  the  Boston  Deaf  Mute 
Society ,  at  458  Boylston  Street,  which  provides  a  meeting-place  and 
preaching  in  sign  language,  free  to  all  deaf  mutes  ;  the  Clark  Street 
Mission ,  which  aids  and  protects  discharged  prisoners  ;  the  City 
Missionary  Society — Congregational  House  —  No.  14  Beacon  Street, 
which  provides  moral  and  religious  instruction  for  the  poor;  the 
Episcopal  City  Mission  of  Boston ,  No.  1  Joy  Street,  which  does 
missionary  work  in  the  hospitals  and  prisons,  and  among  the  sailors, 
meets  the  steamers  bringing  steerage  passengers,  and  sends  visitors 
into  the  densely  populated  portions  of  the  city  to  labor  for  the  spir¬ 
itual  welfare  of  the  poor;  the  St.  Vincent  de  Raul  Society ,  36  Charity 
Building,  which  is  active  in  a  variety  of  religious  and  charitable 
work;  the  North  End  Union ,  20  Parmenter  Street,  a  society  for  the 
elevation  of  the  poor  at  the  North  End;  the  Union  Rescue  Mission ,  34 


140 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Kneeland  Street,  engaged  in  aiding  and  lifting  up  poor,  fallen 
humanity  ;  the  United  Society  of  Christian  Elide av or ,  646  Washing¬ 
ton  Street,  a  religious  society,  composed  of  members  of  evangelical 
churches,  for  the  training  and  guiding  of  young  Christians  ;  the  Order 
of  the  King's  Daughters ,  7  Temple  Place,  organized  to  do  “anything 
that  helps  another  human  being  to  be  better  and  happier,  and  to 
develop  spiritual  life  and  stimulate  Christian  activity;”  and  the 
Massachusetts  Bible  Society ,  12  Bosworth  Street,  sells  or  distributes, 
gratuitously,  Bibles  and  Testaments. 

Societies  for  Social  Improvement. 

The  Boston  Young  Men’s  Christian  Association  occupies  a 
handsome  building  on  the  corner  of  Boylston  and  Berkeley  Streets. 
The  object  of  this  society  is  to  provide  a  homelike  resort,  with  good 
influences,  for  young  men.  The  building  contains  attractive  parlors, 
reception-rooms,  reading,  game,  and  class  rooms,  halls  for  lectures, 
and  a  thoroughly  equipped  gymnasium.  Membership  in  this  associ¬ 
ation  is  open  to  men  over  fifteen  of  any  religious  belief. 

The  Boston  Young  Men’s  Christian  Union,  48  Boylston  Street, 
is  open  to  young  men,  over  sixteen,  of  any  color  or  sect.  It  incites  its 
members  to  religious  and  mental  culture,  and  to  practical  philan¬ 
thropy.  The  building  has  reception-rooms,  parlors,  a  study,  library, 
class  and  reading  rooms,  a  fine  gymnasium,  and  three  public  halls. 
In  the  largest  of  these  halls  —  the  Union  —  there  are  500  seats,  and  it 
has  a  stage  and  appliances  suitable  for  amateur  dramatic  perform¬ 
ances. 

The  Boston  Young  Men’s  Hebrew  Association,  39  E.  Concord 
Street,  is  open  evenings.  It  is  devoted  to  the  social  and  moral 
advancement  of  young  men. 

The  Young  Woman’s  Christian  Association,  No.  40  Berkeley 
Street,  was  established  in  1866.  Its  object  is  “to  care  for  the  tem¬ 
poral,  moral,  and  religious  welfare  of  young  women  who  are  depend¬ 
ent  upon  their  own  exertion  for  support,  and  to  help  them  in  such  a 
way  that  their  self-respect  shall  not  be  hurt.  ”  It  maintains  a  lodging, 
house,  restaurant,  a  training-school  for  domestics,  a  school  of  domes¬ 
tic  science,  evening  classes  for  working  girls  in  dress-cutting,  dress¬ 
making,  millinery,  cooking,  typewriting,  stenography,  and  a  normal 
school  of  physical  education,  an  employment  bureau,  and  a  business 
agency  for  the  various  employments  open  to  women. 


RELIGIOUS  AND  BENEVOLENT  WORK . 


141 


The  Women’s  Educational  and  Industrial  Union,  264  Boylston 
Street,  was  established  in  1880,  and  has  for  its  object  “to  increase 
fellowship  among  women,  and  promote  practical  methods  for  their 
educational,  industrial,  and  social  advancement/’  It  maintains  a 
reading-room  free  to  all  women  of  any  race  or  creed;  library,  classes 
in  bookkeeping,  gymnastics,  embroidery,  millinery,  drawing,  music, 
language,  etc.;  lectures  and  entertainments  on  Wednesday  evenings 
in  winter,  free  to  men  and  women;  religious  meetings  on  Sunday, 
for  women  only,  and  health  talks,  by  women  physicians,  twice  a 
week.  An  agency  of  direction  gives  information  as  to  boarding¬ 
houses,  summer  resorts,  schools,  etc.  A  befriending  committee  visits 
the  sick.  In  the  lunch -room  a  simple  bill  of  fare,  at  moderate  prices, 
is  presented,  and  women  can  bring  their  own  lunch  to  eat  here  without 
purchasing. 

Charities  and  Hospitals. 

Hospitals. — Boston  is  one  of  the  foremost  cities  in  the  country  in 
the  number  and  equipment  of  her  hospitals.  A  stranger  suffering 
from  illness  or  accident  ought  to  feel  no  hesitation  in  availing  him¬ 
self  of  the  comfort  and  care  provided  by  these  institutions. 

The  Massachusetts  General  Hospital,  on  Blossom  Street,  had  its 
origin  in  a  bequest  of  $5,000,  made  in  1799;  but  it  was  not  incorpo¬ 
rated  until  1811.  It  is  the  most  complete  and  perfectly  organized  in¬ 
stitution  of  its  kind  in  the  country,  and  the  oldest,  save  one — the 
Pennsylvania  Hospital.  The  stately  main  building,  of  Chelmsford 
granite,  was  designed  by  Bulfinch.  It  stands  in  pleasant  shaded 
ground.  It  admits,  under  light  conditions,  patients  suffering  from 
diseases  or  injuries,  from  any  part  of  the  United  States  or  British 
Provinces;  and  provision  is  made  for  free  treatment,  or  treatment  at 
the  cost  to  the  patient  of  the  expense  involved.  No  infectious  dis¬ 
eases  are  admitted,  and  chronic  or  incurable  cases  are  generally 
refused.  On  proper  call  the  hospital  ambulance,  with  medical  officer, 
is  dispatched,  at  any  hour,  to  points  within  the  city  proper,  north  of 
Dover  and  Berkeley  streets.  Every  arrangement  is  made,  in  the 
hospital,  for  the  treatment,  comfort,  and  happiness  of  the  patient. 
In  connection  with  this  hospital  is  the  Convalescent  Home ,  at  Wa- 
verly,  and  the  McLean  Asylum  for  the  Insane ,  also  established  in 
Waverly.  The  hospital  maintains  a  training  school  for  nurses,  and  a 
dispensary  which  gives  treatment  only. 


10 


142 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


The  names  of  many  men  eminent  in  the  medical  profession 
have,  at  all  times,  been  on  the  list  of  its  visiting  physicians  and 
surgeons.  In  one  of  the  operating-rooms  of  this  hospital  a  capital 
operation  was  first  performed  under  the  influence  of  ether.  (See 
The  Ether  Monument,  in  Chapter  III.) 

The  Boston  City  Hospital  occupies  the  entire  square  between 
Harrison  Avenue,  East  Concord,  Albany,  and  East  Springfield 
streets,  and  a  part  of  the  adjacent  square  to  Massachusetts 
Avenue.  It  is  maintained  by  annual  appropriations  from  the 
municipal  government,  and  it  is  governed  by  a  board  of  trustees 
representing  the  government.  The  hospital  staff,  consisting  of 
visiting,  out-patient,  house,  departments,  and  medical  and  sur¬ 
gical  assistants,  numbers  about  seventy.  The  hospital  is  chiefly 
intended  for  free  patients,  but  there  are  accommodations  for  a 
number  of  pay -patients,  at  prices  varying  from  $10  to  $30  per 
week.  The  hospital  proper  consists  of  the  central  administration 
building,  and  eighteen  other  buildings  for  patients,  forming  an 
effective  architectural  group.  The  hospital  for  contagious  diseases, 
completed  1894,  is  known  as  the  Chester  Park  Hospital,  and  has 
accommodations  for  260  patients.  It  is  intended  for  such  infec¬ 
tious  diseases  as  diphtheria,  scarlet  fever,  measles,  etc.  This  group 
of  buildings  has  cost  about  $350,000,  and  is  the  best  of  any 
hospital  in  existence  devoted  to  this  special  purpose.  No  American 
city,  save  Boston,  is  provided  with  a  place  like  this,  where  gently- 
nurtured  people  may  have  all  the  comforts  and  attentions  to 
which  they  are  accustomed.  The  Convalescent  Home,  connected 
with  the  City  Hospital,  is  at  Milton  Lower  Mills,  about  four  miles 
from  the  hospital.  It  is  a  fine  old  family  mansion,  which  has 
been  extended  and  enlarged,  and  accommodates  thirty-six  patients. 
It  is  in  a  beautiful  park  of  fifteen  acres. 

The  Massachusetts  Homoeopathic  Hospital,  on  East  Concord 
Street,  was  incorporated  in  1855,  but  was  not  established  and 
ready  for  patients  until  1871.  For  five  years  it  occupied  a  house 
at  14  Burroughs  Place.  The  present  beautiful  building  was 
opened  for  patients  in  May,  1876.  The  funds  for  its  erection  were 
raised  by  a  grand  fair,  which  was  held  by  its  friends,  and  netted 
nearly  $80,000.  The  hospital  has  recently  been  enlarged  at  a  cost 
of  $100,000,  and  is  pronounced,  by  competent  judges,  one  of  the 
most  successful  and  satisfactory  hospitals  in  the  State. 


RELIGIOUS  AND  BENEVOLENT  WORN. 


143 


The  Carney  Hospital,  on  Old  Harbor  Street,  South  Boston,  was 
incorporated  in  1865.  The  location  is,  in  every  respect,  desirable. 
It  stands  on  Dorchester  Heights,  and  commands  an  extensive 
view  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  also  of  the  city.  The  land  on 
which  the  hospital  stands,  and  a  fund  of  $53,000,  were  a  gift 
from  the  late  Andrew  Carney.  It  is  in  charge  of  the  Sisters  of 
Charity,  and  is  a  Catholic  institution,  but  patients  of  all  classes 
are  admitted,  no  distinction  being  made  on  account  of  creed, 
color,  or  race.  It  is  a  hospital  of  the  first  class,  with  well-equipped 
operating-rooms,  etherizing-rooms,  and  other  departments. 

Other  Hospitals. — Adams  Nervine  Asylu?n,  for  persons  of  both 
sexes  affected  with  nervous  diseases,  West  Roxbury  District,  Center 
Street.  Boston  Lying-In  Hospital ,  No.  24  McLean  Street.  Chan- 
ning  Home,  for  women  and  children,  chiefly  incurables,  No.  30 
McLean  Street.  Children' s  Hospital  for  medical  and  surgical  treat¬ 
ment  of  children,  Huntington  Avenue,  Back  Bay  District.  Coiisunip- 
tives "  Home ,  for  both  sexes,  Homoeopathic  treatment,  Roxbury 
District,  corner  of  Warren  Street  and  Blue  Hill  Avenue.  Free  Hospi¬ 
tal  for  Women ,  for  treatment  of  diseases  of  women,  817  Harrison 
Avenue  and  Brookline  Street.  House  of  the  Good  Sainaritan ,  for 
the  treatment  of  women  and  children,  especially  incurables,  No.  6 
McLean  Street.  New  England  Hospital  for  Women  and  Children, 
under  the  charge  of  women.  It  offers  young  women  studying  medi¬ 
cine  opportunities  for  clinical  study  which  other  hospitals  afford  to 
young  men;  Dimock  Street;  dispensary,  29  Fayette  Street.  Sjnallpox 
Hospital,  near  rear  entrance  of  Forest  Hills  Cemetery,  Canterbury 
Street.  Special  Home,  for  both  sexes  afflicted  with  spinal  diseases, 
homoeopathic  treatment,  Roxbury  District,  corner  Warren  Street 
and  Blue  Hill  Avenue.  St.  Elizabeth" s  Hospital,  for  women, 
No.  61  West  Brookline  Street.  St.  fosephls  Ho77ie  for  Sick 
and  Destitute  Servant  Girls,  for  incurables  especially,  Nos.  41 
to  45  East  Brookline  Street.  Si.  Mary" s  Lying-In  Hospital  (and 
Infant  Asylum),  Dorchester  District,  Bowdoin  Street.  U7iited  States 
Naval  Hospital,  connected  with  the  Charlestown  Navy  Yard, 
Chelsea. 

Other  Public  Institutions  which  come  under  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  city  government,  are  the  Houses  of  Didustry  a7id  Refor77iation , 
and  Trua7it  School  at  Deer  Island;  the  A I771S houses  at  Rainsford 


144 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


and  Long  Islands,  and  Charlestown;  the  Marcella  Street  Ho7ne  for 
neglected  boys  and  girls,  and  the  Parental  School ,  at  West  Roxbury. 

The  Associated  Charities  of  Boston.— The  objects  of  this  society 
are  to  secure  the  concurrent  and  harmonious  action  of  the^different 
charities  in  Boston,  in  order  to  raise  the  needy  above  the  need  of 
relief,  prevent  begging  and  imposition,  and  diminish  pauperism  ;  to 
encourage  thrift,  self-dependence,  and  industry  through  friendly 
intercourse,  advice,  and  sympathy,  and  to  aid  the  poor  to  help  them¬ 
selves  ;  to  prevent  children  from  growing  up  as  paupers,  and  to  aid 
in  the  diffusion  of  knowledge  on  subjects  connected  with  the  relief 
of  the  poor.  To  accomplish  these  objects,  it  provides  for  the  thorough 
investigation  of  the  case  of  every  applicant  for  relief,  and  places  the 
result  of  such  investigation  at  the  disposal  of  the  Overseers  of  the 
Poor,  of  charitable  societies  and  agencies,  and  of  private  persons  of 
benevolence.  It  makes  all  relief  conditional  upon  good  conduct,  and 
sends  friendly  visitors  into  the  families  of  the  poor.  Their  offices 
are  in  the  Charity  Building,  on  Chardon  Street. 

The  Private  Charities  of  Boston  are  numerous  and  efficient. 
They  meet  almost  every  want  to  which  suffering  humanity  is  subject, 
and  they  are  conducted  with  rare  intelligence  and  devotion.  It  would 
be  impossible,  in  a  work  of  this  character,  to  mention  even  the  more 
prominent  private  philanthropies.  Information  concerning  them 
may  be  obtained  at  the  Charity  Building,  on  Chardon  Street. 


VIII. 


CLUBS,  SOCIETIES,  AND  MILITARY 

ORGANIZATIONS. 


The  social  clubs  of  the  city  are  not  of  special  interest  to  strangers, 
since,  without  an  invitation  from  a  member,  no  one  is  admitted  to 
their  privileges.  Boston  has  many  clubs,  social,  literary,  professional, 
business,  and  commercial.  Some  of  these  clubs  have  palatial 
houses,  wherein  every  appliance  of  comfort  and  luxury  is  to  be  found, 
but  many  of  them  are  confined  to  rooms  in  some  convenient 
locality. 

The  following  is  an  alphabetical  list  of  the  leading  clubs  and 
societies  in  Boston,  with  brief  remarks: 

Algonquin,  217  Commonwealth  Avenue.  This  is  one  of  the  lead¬ 
ing  social  clubs.  Its  membership  includes  bankers,  brokers,  mer¬ 
chants,  lawyers,  etc.  It  was  organized  in  1885,  and  occupies  one  of 
the  finest  and  most  perfectly  appointed  club-houses  in  the  city.  The 
exterior,  in  Italian  Renaissance  architecture,  is  of  Indiana  limestone. 
The  reading-room,  library,  and  billiard-hall  are  each  over  eighty  feet 
long,  and  the  dining-rooms  and  other  apartments  are  convenient  and 
attractive. 

Apollo  Club,  3  Joy  Street.  [See  Chapter  V.] 

Appalachian  Mountain,  Tremont  Building.  The  objects  of  this 
association  are  to  explore  the  mountains  of  New  England  and  the 
adjacent  regions,  both  for  scientific  and  artistic  purposes,  and,  in 
general,  to  cultivate  an  interest  in  geographical  studies.  Its  mem¬ 
bers  make  frequent  expeditions  to  these  mountains,  strike  out  new 
paths,  establish  camps,  construct  and  publish  accurate  maps,  and 
collect  all  available  information  concerning  the  mountain  regions. 

(145) 


146 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


Boston  Architectural,  14  Somerset  Street,  composed  of  architects 
and  draughtsmen,  and  non-professionals  interested  in  the  aims  of  the 
society. 

Boston  Athletic  Association,  Exeter,  corner  of  Blagden  Street. 
[See  Chapter  V.] 

Boston  Camera  Club,  50  Bromlield  Street,  composed  of  amateur 
photographers,  and  devoted  to  the  advancement,  among  its  members, 
of  a  knowledge  of  photography  in  all  its  branches. 

The  Boston  Art  Club’s  handsome  home  is  at  the  corner  of  Dart¬ 
mouth  and  Newbury  streets.  The  club  entrance  is  on  the  Newbury 
Street  side,  while  the  public  entrance  to  the  art  gallery  is  on  the 
Dartmouth  Street  front.  The  building  is  in  the  Romanesque  style 
of  architecture,  with  hexagonal  corner  tower  with  a  massive  project¬ 
ing  balcony. 

This  club  was  organized  in  1857,  with  a  membership  of  twenty 
persons,  nearly  all  of  whom  were  professional  artists.  In  1874  the 
club  was  reorganized  and  now  numbers  137  professional  and  650  non¬ 
professional  members.  The  objects  of  the  club,  as  stated  in  its  con¬ 
stitution  ,  are  ‘  ‘  to  advance  the  knowledge  and  love  of  art  through  the 
exhibition  of  its  works  of  art,  the  acquisition  of  books  and  papers  for 
the  purpose  of  forming  an  art  library,  lectures  upon  subjects  per¬ 
taining  to  art,  and  by  other  kindred  means ;  and  to  promote  social 
intercourse  among  its  members.” 

The  interior  of  the  house  is  convenient,  sumptuous,  and  inviting. 
The  exhibition  gallery,  on  the  second  floor,  is  47  by  47  feet,  and  18  feet 
high,  and,  by  the  arrangement  of  the  interior  of  the  house,  the  gallery 
can  be  thrown  open  for  public  exhibitions  without  encroaching  upon 
the  rooms  devoted  exclusively  to  club  purposes.  The  club  has  a  val¬ 
uable  library  of  works  on  art  and  books  of  reference.  Its  regular 
spring,  summer,  and  winter  exhibitions  are  important  features  of  the 
art  season  in  Boston. 

The  Boston  Society  of  Decorative  Art  is  located  at  184  Boylston 
Street.  The  purpose  of  this  society  is  “to  raise  the  standard  of 
design  in  hand-wrought  work  and  in  manufacture,  and  to  guide  all 
those  who  use  the  needle,  the  brush,  or  the  modeling-tool  for  deco¬ 
rative  ends,  to  an  appreciation  of  pure  form  and  noble  design,  so  that 
the  objects  produced  or  decorated  by  these  agencies  might  be  beauti¬ 
ful  to  the  eye  and  satisfactory  to  the  cultivated  taste.”  The  rooms  of 
the  society  are  open  from  10  a.  m.  to  5  p.  m.  on  week-days,  and  many 


CLUBS ,  SOCIETIES ,  ^TT.  147 

beautiful  specimens  of  decorative  work  are  on  exhibition.  Ad¬ 
mission  free. 

The  Boston  Turn  Verein,  29  Middlesex  Street,  was  organized  in 
1849,  and  it  is  the  leading  German  society  in  the  city.  The  club¬ 
house  contains  a  thoroughly  equipped  gymnasium,  billiard-rooms, 
bowling  alleys,  a  hall  having  a  seating  capacity  of  500,  and  a  stage 
for  private  theatricals,  concerts,  and  other  entertainments;  a  read¬ 
ing-room  and  library,  and  restaurant,  parlors,  and  reception-rooms. 

The  Bostonian  Society,  Old  State  House,  is  an  organization  to 
“promote  the  study  of  the  history  of  Boston,  and  the  preservation 
of  its  antiquities.”  It  has  charge  of  the  upper  stories  of  the  Old 
State  House,  and  maintains  the  rooms  on  the  second  floor,  with  the 
collection  of  antiquities  there,  for  public  exhibition. 

The  Boston  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Chamber  of  Commerce  Build¬ 
ing,  is  the  leading  commercial-mercantile  organization  of  the  city, 
representing  various  branches  of  trade,  industry  and  the  pro¬ 
fessions.  It  has  a  large  membership  and  performs  its  work  through 
numerous  important  committees. 

Boston  Chess  Club,  241  Tremont  Street. 

Boston  Fencing  Club,  20  Beacon  Street. 

Boston  Press  Club,  3  Beacon  Street,  composed  of  newspaper 
proprietors,  publishers,  editors,  reporters,  and  managers,  and  per¬ 
sons  regularly  engaged  in  literary  pursuits. 

Boston  Yacht  Club,  817  East  Sixth  Street.  It  is  the  senior 
yacht  club  of  Boston,  and  dates  from  1866.  Its  club-house  is  at 
City  Point. 

Catholic  Union,  1682  Washington  Street,  composed  of  leading 
Catholics. 

Cecelia,  14  Beacon  Street. 

City  Club,  corner  Beacon  and  Somerset  Streets. 

Elysium  Club,  218  Huntington  Avenue.  This  is  composed  of 
the  leading  Hebrew  residents  of  the  city.  The  club-house  was 
erected  in  1891,  and  it  is,  in  every  way,  convenient  and  attractive. 

New  England  Shoe  and  Leather  Association,  166  Essex  Street. 
The  leading  organization  of  the  shoe  and  leather  business  and 
allied  lines. 

The  Boston  1915  Association,  20  Beacon  Street.  Organized  for 
the  civic  and  political  betterment  of  Boston. 


148 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Massachusetts  Yacht  Club,  Rowe’s  Wharf. 

New  England  Woman’s  Club,  No.  198  Clarendon  Street.  This  is 
one  of  the  most  prominent  clubs  of  Boston.  Its  organization,  in  1868, 
was  closely  followed  by  that  of  “Sorosis”  of  New  York,  but  the  latter 
club  does  not  resemble  its  predecessor  in  its  aims.  Sorosis  is  purely 
a  social  club,  while  the  New  England  Woman’s  Club  is  not  only 
social,  but  has  a  wide-reaching  work  in  many  directions.  The 
Woman’s  Club  was  intended  as  a  center  of  rest  and  social  convenience 
for  women  already  active  in  various  philanthropic  ways  to  the  extent 
of  their  ability,  with  the  hope  and  belief  that  the  time  thus  econo¬ 
mized  from  fruitless  search  of  each  other,  or  spent  socially  in  a  less 
satisfactory  manner,  given  to  this  sympathetic  intercourse,  might 
turn  to  still  more  fruitful  use  from  the  reaction  upon  each  other  of 
minds  so  well  trained  in  varied  service,  when  brought  to  bear  upon 
the  special  needs  of  women. 

Paint  and  Clay  Club,  419  Washington  Street.  This  club  was 
founded  in  1880.  Its  constitution  requires  that  members  shall  be 
connected  with  art,  literature,  or  music.  It  gives  occasional  recep¬ 
tions  and  art  exhibitions 

The  Puritan  Club,  50  Beacon  Street,  composed  of  young  men  of 
social  standing  and  wealth.  It  has  excellent  table  d’hote  dinners  for 
members,  and  pleasant  dining-rooms  for  private  parties. 

Republican  Club  of  Massachusetts,  19  Milk  Street. 

St.  Botolph  Club,  2  Newbury  Street,  largely  composed  of 
professional  men.  It  was  organized  in  1880,  and  the  purpose  of 
its  projectors  was  to  establish  a  club  similar  to  that  of  the 
Century  in  New  York.  Among  its  members  are'  several  of  the 
most  distinguished  of  the  liberal  clergymen  of  the  city,  representa¬ 
tive  literary  men,  physicians,  journalists,  artists,  and  members  of 
the  bar.  A  feature  of  the  club-house  is  its  large  art  gallery. 

The  Somerset  Club,  42  Beacon  Street.  This  is  the  most 
fashionable  and  exclusive  of  Boston’s  clubs.  It  has  occupied  its 
present  quarters  since  1872.  The  house,  which  was  formerly  the 
mansion  of  the  late  David  Sears,  stands  on  the  site  of  the  home 
of  Copley,  the  famous  painter.  It  is  an  imposing  granite  front, 
“double-swell”  house,  with  convenient  and  elegant  interior.  A 
notable  feature  is  a  ladies’  dining-room  for  guests  of  the  mem¬ 
bers,  which  is  also  open  to  non-members  accompanying  ladies  on 
club  orders. 


CLUBS ,  SOCIETIES ,  ATT. 


149 


The  Suffolk  Club,  whose  house,  at  \]/2  Beacon  Street,  is  a 
modest,  comfortable,  and  homelike  structure,  is  a  purely  social 
club.  Politics  do  not  enter  into  its  plans,  but  it  happens  that 
many  prominent  Democrats  are  among  its  members. 

Union  Club,  8  Park  Street.  This  club  was  established  during 
the  Civil  War,  primarily  as  a  political  club  in  support  of  the 
Union  cause.  The  house  was  formerly  the  home  of  Abbot 
Lawrence.  It  is  spacious,  well  arranged,  and  furnished,  adorned 
with  paintings  and  other  works  of  art,  and  provided  with  a  fine 
library.  It  has,  for  many  years  now,  been  a  purely  social  club, 
having  abandoned  its  political  features. 

The  Tavern  Club  occupies  very  pleasant  quarters  at  No.  4  Boylston 
Place,  in  an  old-time  mansion,  which  is  adorned  with  works  of 
art  and  curiosities,  given  by  members.  It  is  a  lunch  and  dining 
club  of  gentlemen  who  are  interested  in  literature,  art,  music,  etc. 

The  Temple  Club,  located  at  74  Boylston  Street,  is  the  oldest  club 
in  the  city,  having  been  established  in  1829.  It  is  a  purely  social 
club,  and  the  membership  is  small.  The  club-house  presents  a  plain 
exterior,  but  its  interior  is  admirably  arranged  and  equipped  for  club 
purposes. 

The  University  Club,  270  Beacon  Street,  was  organized  in  1881, 
and  its  membership  is  composed  entirely  of  college-bred  men,  and 
includes  representatives  of  all  the  leading  colleges  in  the  country. 
It  occupies  one  of  the  most  suirmtuously  appointed  club-houses  in 
the  city. 

The  Unity  Art  Club,  724  Washington  Street. 

Union  Boat  Club,  foot  of  Chestnut  Street,  on  the  Charles  River. 
This  is,  with  one  exception,  the  oldest  boat  club  in  the  United  States, 
having  been  organized  in  1851.  It  is  an  exclusively  amateur  associa¬ 
tion,  no  member  being  allowed  to  enter  into  negotiations  to  row  a 
race  for  a  stated  sum  of  money,  nor  can  the  funds  of  the  club  be 
appropriated  for  prizes. 

There  are  several  Literary  Clubs  in  Boston  which,  having  no 
club-houses,  meet  at  some  leading  hotel.  The  Saturday  Club  dines 
once  a  month,  at  Parker’s.  Many  celebrated  writers  have  belonged  to 
this  club.  The  Wednesday  Evening  Century  Club  and  the  Thurs¬ 
day  Club  are  associations  in  which  the  professional  element  is  dom¬ 
inant.  They  meet  at  the  houses  of  members. 

Among  the  Professional  Societies  may  be  mentioned  the  Boston 


150 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


Medical  Association ,  which  holds  its  meetings  at  19  Boylston  Place; 
the  Boylston  Medical  Society  of  Harvard  University,  the  Boston 
Society  for  Medical  Improvement ,  the  Boston  Society  for  Medical 
Observation ,  the  Boston  Homoeopathic  Society ,  the  Boston  Drug¬ 
gists'  Association ,  and  the  Bar  Association  of  the  City  of  Boston. 

Scientific  and  Learned  Societies. 

Boston  has  many  societies  devoted  to  scientific  and  learned  inves¬ 
tigations.  The  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences  has  rooms 

at  28  Newbury  Street,  and  is,  with  one  exception,  the  oldest 
scientific  society  in  the  country.  The  object  of  its  founders  was 
'‘the  promotion  and  encouragement  of  a  knowledge  of  the  anti¬ 
quities  and  the  natural  history  of  America;  the  encouragement  of 
medical  studies,  mathematical  disquisitions,  philosophical  inquiries 
and  discoveries,  astronomical,  meteorological,  and  geographical 
observations,  and  improvements  in  agriculture,  the  arts,  manufac¬ 
tures,  and  commerce.”  Volumes  of  its  “Memoirs”  and  “Proceed¬ 
ings”  are  from  time  to  time  published.  Its  library  contains  22,000 
volumes.  (See  Libraries.) 

The  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  which  in  1899  moved 
into  a  new  building  at  Boylston  Street  and  the  Fenway,  was  founded, 
in  1791,  by  Rev.  Jeremy  Belknap  and  seven  associates,  Its  object  is 
to  investigate  matters  of  history,  and  preserve  records  and  relics 
illustrating  it,  especially  locally.  It  publishes  extensively. 

The  New  England  Historic  Genealogical  Society,  at  18  Somerset 
Street,  was  founded  in  1844,  and  has  for  its  object  the  study  and  pub¬ 
lication  of  historical  and  genealogical  facts  about  New  England  and 
her  people.  The  library  embraces  the  largest  collection  in  the 
country  of  genealogies  of  New  England  families. 

The  Boston  Society  of  Natural  History  meets  in  its  Museum 
building  (see  p.  69),  at  the  corner  of  Boylston  and  Berkeley  streets. 

The  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  Hunt¬ 
ington  Avenue,  corner  of  West  Newton  Street,  was  instituted,  in 
1795,  at  the  “  Green  Dragon  Tavern.”  Its  primary  objects  were  to 
relieve  the  families  of  unfortunate  mechanics,  and  to  assist  young 
mechanics  with  loans  of  money,  and  to  promote  inventions  and  im¬ 
provements  in  the  mechanic  arts.  It  has,  for  a  long  period  now,  held 
“  Triennial  Festivals,”  or  public  exhibitions.  The  present  exhibition 
building  is  one  of  the  largest  in  the  country.  Of  its  three  halls 


CLUBS ,  SOCIETIES ,  ETC . 


151 


Mechanics’  Hall,  seating  about  6,000,  is  the  largest.  Paul  Revere 
was  the  first  president  of  this  association. 

Secret  Orders. 

All,  probably,  of  the  secret  orders  and  societies  in  the  United 
States  are  represented  in  Boston.  The  following  are  notable  : 

Free  Masonry. — The  first  Masonic  lodge  in  the  country  was 
organized  in  Boston,  in  July,  1733.  The  headquarters  of  the  Masonic 
societies  of  the  city  are  in  Mascniic  Temple ,  on  the  corner  of  Tremont 
and  Boylston  streets,  a  magnificent  granite  building,  finished  in  1899. 
The  sub-basement  includes  a  large  banqueting-hall.  The  upper  part 
of  the  Temple  is  divided  into  many  halls,  lodgerooms,  and  general 
offices  of  the  order.  The  new  Corinthian  Hall,  on  the  third  floor, 
will  seat  255  persons,  and  is  a  refined  copy  of  the  old  hall;  it  contains 
an  organ  operated  by  electric  power.  The  rooms  of  the  Grand 
Master  and  the  library  (for  about  50,000  volumes)  are  also  on  this 
floor.  In  the  old  temple  one  of  the  features  was  the  Egyptian  Hall. 
This  is  replaced  by  Ionic  Hall,  which  occupies  a  part  of  the  fifth 
floor,  will  be  used  by  the  chapters  and  the  commanderies,  and  will 
have  one  of  the  three  organs.  A  gallery  reached  from  the  tyler’s 
station,  with  platforms  and  galleries,  having  a  seating  capacity  of 
about  375,  is  a  feature  of  this  apartment.  The  Prelates'  rooms  are  also 
on  this  floor.  Gothic  Hall  (650  seats  and  a  stage)  and  other  rooms 
especially  adapted  for  the  Scottish  Rite  bodies  occupy  a  part  of  the 
seventh  floor.  In  the  sixth,  eighth,  and  ninth  stories  are  armories, 
lodgerooms  and  parlors. 

Odd  Fellows. — The  first  lodge  of  Odd  Fellows  in  Boston  was 
organized  March  26,  1820 — the  second  in  the  country.  The  head¬ 
quarters  of  the  several  organizations  in  the  city  are  in  Odd  Fellows’ 
Building,  No.  515  Tremont  Street,  corner  of  Berkeley. 

The  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  No.  24  Hayward 
Place,  is  a  secret  benevolent  organization,  incorporated  in  1879.  Its 
membership,  at  first  composed  chiefly  of  actors,  now  includes  persons 
from  all  professions.  It  gives  assistance  to  members  who  are  ill  or 
out  of  employment,  according  to  the  discretion  of  a  relief  committee. 

Military  Organizations. 

State  Militia. — The  headquarters  of  the  First  Brigade  are  at 
South  Armory  and  of  the  Second  Brigade  at  No.  120  Tremont  Street. 

The  First  Corps  of  Cadets ,  M.  V.  M. ,  quite  an  aristocratic  four- 
company  battalion  of  young  men,  organized  in  1741,  and  once  com- 


MASONIC  TEMPLE 
(152) 


153 


CLUBS ,  SOCIETIES ,  ETC. 

manded  by  John  Hancock,  are  quartered  in  the  castellated  granite 
armorv  on  Columbus  Avenue,  southeast  corner  of  Ferdinand  Street. 

The  First  Regiment  of  Infantry ,  the  Fifth  Regiment  of 
Infantry ,  and  the  First  Battalion  of  Cavalry ,  make  their  hea  - 
quarters  in  the  Irvington  Street  Armory.  The  Sixth  Regiment  of 
Infantry's  Armory  is  on  Green  Street,  corner  of  Chardon;  and  the 
Ninth  Regiment  of  Infantry  is  on  East  Newton. 

The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  is  the  oldest  mili¬ 
tary  organization  in  the  country.  It  was  chartered  in  March,  1638,  as 
“  The  Military  Company  of  Boston,”  and  Robert  Keayne,  one  of  t  e 
chief  promoters  of  the  new  organization,  was  its  first  captain.  It  was 
not  until  1657  that  it  became  an  artillery  company,  when  it  was 
recognized  as  such  by  the  general  court.  The  title  “Ancient  and 
Honorable”  was  assumed  in  1700,  first  appearing  m  its  records  m 
September  of  that  year.  It  was  styled  “ancient”  because  of  its 
great  age,  and  “  honorable  ”  from  the  fact  that  some  of  its  earlier 
members  had  belonged  to  the  Honorable  Artillery  Company  of  Lon¬ 
don.  The  company  was  dispersed  by  the  Revolution,  and  revived  m 
1789,  when  its  name  and  privileges  were  confirmed  by  the  Legisla¬ 
ture.  The  anniversary  of  its  organization,  the  first  Monday  in  June, 
is  still  celebrated  by  an  annual  parade.  A  sermon  is  preached  to  the 
company,  a  good  dinner  is  served  in  Faneuil  Hall,  and  speec  es 
listened  to;  and  thereafter  all  march  to  the  Common,  where  the  Gov¬ 
ernor  of  the  Commonwealth  delivers  to  the  newly-elected  officers 
their  commissions  and  the  insignia  of  their  offices.  The  company 
has  its  headquarters  in  Faneuil  Hall,  and  frequently  makes  extensive 
visiting  journeys,  of  which  the  most  notorious  of  late  was  its  visit  to 
Fugland  in  1895,  and  its  expedition  to  Baltimore  in  1896- 


IX. 

A  TOUR  OF  THE  CITY. 


In  the  following  pages  is  presented  a  single  day’s  itinerary, 
covering  the  more  important  points  of  attraction  in  the  city 
proper,  and  some  of  those  which,  from  historical  or  other  associ¬ 
ations,  are  always  considered  in  connection  with  Boston.  Of 
course,  it  would  not  be  possible,  within  such  limits  of  time,  to 
linger  long  at  any  one  point,  and  many  places  which  would 
prove  interesting  must  be  omitted  from  such  a  tour;  but  if  one 
has  but  a  shoi  t  time  in  which  to  compass  the  sights  and  beauties 
of  this  historic  town,  it  is  believed  that  a  strict  adherence  to  the 
route  here  proposed  will  enable  him  to  cover  more  ground,  and  to 
see  more  intelligently  the  places  visited. 

Washington  Street. 

Washington  Street,  starting  at  Haymarket  Square,  and  trav¬ 
ersing  the  city  longitudinally  from  the  old  “North  End,”  through 
Roxbury  to  Dedham,  is  the  principal  business  thoroughfare.  The 
corner  of  Washington  and  Bedford  streets  is  about  in  the  center 
of  the  hotel  and  theater  district,  and  will  be  a  good  point  from 
v  hich  to  start  on  our  pilgrimage.  Here,  on  the  southeast  corner, 
is  the  great  department  store  of  R.  H.  White  Co.,  occupying  a  stone 
structure,  and  reaching  through  to  Harrison  Avenue,  in  the  rear. 
Keeping  on  the  right  side  of  Washington  Street  and  walking  to  the 
north,  we  pass  some  of  the  largest  and  finest  retail  stores  in  the  city. 
The  block,  from  Avon  to  Summer  Street,  with  the  exception  of 
Shuman’s  corner,  is  occupied  by  the  handsome  freestone  store  of 
Jordan,  Marsh  Co.  On  the  opposite  side  of  Washington  Street, 

(154) 


A  TO  UR  OF  THE  CITY . 


155 


between  Temple  Place  and  Winter  Street,  are  several  other  large 
stores.  Here,  on  the  southeast  corner  of  Milk  and  Washington 
streets,  is  the  building  of  the  Boston  Transcript ,  the  oldest  evening 
newspaper  in  Boston.  On  the  opposite  corner  of  Milk  Street  is  the 
Old  South  Meeting-House ,  which  is  described  in  the  chapter  entitled 
“Old  Landmarks.”  Here  we  must  pause  to  enjoy  the  quaint  old 
sanctuary,  and  spend  a  few  minutes  in  viewing  the  collection  of 
antiquities  which  are  exhibited  in  the  church.  The  entrance  fee  is 
25  cents,  and  goes  toward  the  maintenance  of  the  building.  On  the 
opposite  side  of  Washington  Street  is  the  building  of  the  Boston 
Daily  Advertiser ,  one  of  the  oldest  newspapers  in  the  city. 

Milk  Street. 

Let  us  now  turn  down  Milk  Street,  noting  the  building  on  the 
opposite  side,  No.  17,  which  bears  a  tablet  announcing  that  it 
marks  the  site  of  Benjamin  Franklin’s  birthplace.  Among  the 
buildings,  many  of  which  are  occupied  by  banks,  railroad,  and 
other  corporations,  the  most  notable  are  those  of  the  International 
Trust  Company,  its  light  stone  fagade  ornamented  with  carving 
and  sculpture,  and  then  the  great  insurance  buildings.  At  the 
corner  of  Devonshire  and  Milk  is  the  massive  granite 
building  of  the  Equitable  Life  Assurance  Society,  full  of  banks 
and  offices,  with  the  Security  Safe  Deposit  vaults  in  the  basement. 
Elevators  run  to  the  roof,  whence  there  is  a  magnificent  view  of 
the  city  and  harbor.  Next  our  attention  is  claimed  by  the  white 
granite  building,  in  the  Renaissance  style,  of  the  New  England 
Mutual  Life  Insurance,  at  the  corner  of  Milk  and  Congress  streets. 
This  building  is  crowned  by  colossal  statues.  Adjoining  this  the 
white  marble  building,  with  a  stone  clock-tower,  rising  130  feet, 
and  terminating  in  a  graceful  spire,  is  that  of  the  Mutual  Life 
Insurance  Company  of  New  York. 

Crossing  Post  Office  Square,  we  must  stop  long  enough  to  view 
the  ponderous  Government  Building ,  which  faces  the  square,  and 
fills  the  space  bounded  by  Milk,  Devonshire,  and  Water  streets.  The 
Post  Office  Department  occupies  the  basement,  the  ground  floor,  and 
part  of  the  second  story  of  the  building.  In  the  second  story  are 
also  the  offices  of  the  Pension  Agent,  the  Naval  Pay  and  Internal 
Revenue  Departments,  and  the  Sub-Treasury.  The  latter  is  a  fine 
hall,  50  feet  high,  adorned  with  rich  marbles  and  costly  trimmings. 


156 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


The  United  States  Courts,  the  Lighthouse  Board,  Lighthouse  In¬ 
spectors,  and  the  Signal  Service  Department  are  all  housed  in  this 
building.  The  exterior  walls  of  the  building  are  of  Cape  Ann 
granite.  The  fagades  rise  more  than  ioo  feet  above  the  side¬ 
walks,  and  the  whole  is  a  composition  of  pilasters,  columns,  and 
round-arched  windows,  proportioned  to  set  off  the  massive  structure. 
On  the  Post  Office  Square  front  are  the  heroic,  sculptured  groups,  in 
Vermont  marble,  by  Daniel  C.  French  of  Concord.  Facing  the 
building,  the  left-hand  group  represents  “Labor  Protecting  the 
Family  and  the  Arts  ”  ;  Labor,  a  stalwart  figure,  with  his  right  arm 
supported  by  the  horn  of  the  anvil  against  which  he  is  leaning.  Under 
his  right  arm  are  the  mother  and  child;  at  his  left  is  a  graceful  woman 
supporting  a  vase,  while  at  her  feet  lie  sculptured  masks  and  capi¬ 
tals.  The  group  at  the  right  represents  “Science  Controlling  the 
Forces  of  Steam  and  Electricity.”  The  central  figure,  Science,  rests 
her  foot  on  a  closed  volume  —  her  undiscovered  secrets  —  and  sup¬ 
ports  on  her  left  arm  a  horeshoe  magnet,  with  a  thunderbolt  as  an 
armature.  At  her  feet  crouches  a  slave,  with  hands  chained  to  a  loco¬ 
motive  wheel;  about  him  clouds  of  steam  and  fragments  of  ma¬ 
chinery.  At  her  right  is  disclosed  the  Spirit  of  Electricity,  from 
whom  she  throws  back  her  drapery,  which  has  veiled  the  figure,  and 
he  stands  ready  to  dart  forth  to  “put  a  girdle  round  the  earth,” 
which  lies  at  his  feet.  These  groups  are  among  the  best  examples  of 
symbolic  sculpture  in  the  country. 

Custom  House  and  Vicinity. 

After  leaving  the  Post  Office,  let  us  turn  east  on  Water  and  pass 
through  Liberty  Square,  with  the  Mason  Building  in  the  middle  of 
the  square,  to  Broad  Street.  Turning  to  the  left,  and  then  at  Central 
Street  to  the  right,  we  come  to  the  Custom  House ,  a  solid,  dignified 
building,  in  the  form  of  a  Greek  cross,  and  the  exterior  in  pure 
Doric  style.  It  was  begun  in  1835,  and  was  twelve  years  in  building. 
The  walls,  columns,  and  even  the  entire  roof,  are  of  granite,  and  it 
rests  upon  3,000  piles.  Each  of  the  massive,  fluted  columns  is  5  feet 
2  inches  in  diameter,  32  feet  high,  and  weighs  over  40  tons.  There 
are  thirty-two  of  these  columns.  The  porticoes  have  each  six  columns. 
The  granite  dome,  at  the  intersection  of  the  cross,  terminates  in  a  sky¬ 
light,  which  is  25  feet  in  diameter.  The  cross-shaped  rotunda,  finished 
in  the  Grecian-Corinthian  style,  is  the  main  feature  of  the  interior. 


maam 


WM§ 


BOSTON  CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE  —  India  Street,  near  Atlantic  Avenue. 


11 


(157) 


158 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Just  beyond  the  Custom  House,  on  India  Street,  is  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce  Building ,  with  circular  front  and  lofty,  conical  roof 
pierced  by  high  dormer  windows.  It  is  Romanesque  and  irregular 
in  plan,  conforming  to  the  shape  of  the  lot.  The  chamber,  recently 
merged  with  the  Boston  Merchants  Association,  occupies  the  entire 
third  floor.  The  board-room,  or  exchange,  is  circular  in  form,  with 
high  domed  ceiling — the  apex  38  feet  above  the  floor — and  has  a 
floor  space  of  4,300  square  feet.  The  visitors’  gallery  is  over  the 
entrance. 

Leaving  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  retracing  our  steps 
for  a  short  distance,  pass'  to  the  rear  of  the  Custom  House  and 
along  Commercial  Street  to  the  Quincy  Market ,  a  long,  low, 
granite  building,  with  porticoes  of  massive  granite  columns,  and  at 
either  end  a  well-proportioned  dome.  This  market-house  (offi¬ 
cially  called  “  Faneuil  Hall  Market”)  is  a  monument  of  the  first 
Mayor  Quincy’s  administration,  which  covered  six  terms,  i823-’29. 
It  was  built  in  1825-6,  and  cost,  exclusive  of  the  land,  only  $150,000. 
The  building  is  534  feet  long,  extending  from  Commercial  Street 
to  Faneuil  Hall  Square.  A  walk  through  the  market,  from  the 
east  to  the  west  portal,  will  be  found  instructive  and  interesting; 
while  outside,  on  both  the  north  and  south  sides  of  the  building, 
the  countless  vegetable  and  market  wagons  make  an  animated 
scene. 

Leaving  the  market  by  the  west  portal,  you  are  directly  oppo¬ 
site  old  Faneuil  Hall ,  in  which  every  patriotic  American  feels  an 
interest.  [For  history  and  description  of  Faneuil  Hall,  see  chapter 
entitled  Old  Landmarks.]  After  visiting  the  “  Cradle  of  Liberty,” 
and  viewing  the  collection  of  portraits  and  relics  of  Colonial  and 
Provincial  times,  let  us  pass  through  Dock  Square  to  Adams 
Square,  where  Miss  Anne  Whitney’s  Statue  of  Samuel  Adams 
calmly  surveys  the  hurry,  and  bustle,  and  crowd  of  Washington 
Street.  This  statue,  which  is  a  counterpart  of  that  by  the  same 
artist  in  the  Capitol  at  Washington,  was  set  up  in  1880,  the  250th 
anniversary  of  the  settlement  of  the  town.  The  patriot  leader  is 
represented  as  he  is  supposed  to  have  looked  when  he  was  await¬ 
ing  Governor  Hutchinson’s  reply  to  his  demand  for  the  instant 
removal  of  the  British  troops  from  the  town,  the  day  after  the 
“  Massacre  of  1770.”  Let  us  now  turn  up  Washington  Street,  and, 
keeping  on  the  left  side  of  the  street,  we  must  take  time  to 
admire  the  lofty  Ames  Building ,  on  the  north  vest  corner  of 


A  TOUR  OF  THE  CITY . 


159 


Court  and  Washington  streets.  This  is  a  very  tall  building  indeed, 
as,  although  covering  a  very  small  area,  its  granite  walls  rise  to  a 
height  of  190  feet.  This  finely  designed  structure  cost  about 
$700,000.  It  was  completed  in  1890,  and  its  tenants  are  chiefly 
banking  institutions  and  lawyers.  On  the  opposite  corner  of 
Court  and  Washington  streets  is  another  handsome  business 
block,  the  Sears  Building.  This  is  in  the  Italian  Gothic  style  of 
architecture,  its  exterior  walls  of  gray  and  white  marble.  Here 
several  great  Western  railroads  and  New  England  manufacturing 
companies  have  their  offices.  Just  in  the  rear  of  this  building, 
on  Court  Street,  is  Young’s  Hotel;  and  here,  on  our  left, 
standing  at  the  head  of  State  Street  (in  ante-Revolutionary 
days  King  Street),  is  the  Old  State  House.  [For  history  and  de¬ 
scription  of  the  Old  State  House,  see  chapter  entitled  “  Old  Land¬ 
marks.”]  After  completing  our  inspection  of  this  most  interesting 
relic,  let  us  walk  a  short  distance  down  State  Street,  the  financial 
center  of  the  town. 

State  Street. 

Emerging  from  the  Old  State  House,  by  the  eastern  portal,  we 
are  confronted  on  either  hand  by  massive  modern  buildings.  On 
the  north  side,  at  No.  28,  is  the  building  of  the  Merchants 
National  Bank,  one  of  the  largest  banking  institutions  in  New  Eng¬ 
land.  Just  beyond  this  is  the  Massachusetts  Hospital  Life  Insurance 
Building.  On  the  south  side  of  State  Street  is  the  new  and  elegant 
Brazer’s  Building,  which  is  much  larger  than  the  old  structure,  with 
all  the  modern  improvements.  The  ten-story  building  of  light  brick, 
occupying  the  little  block  formed  by  Congress  Square  and  Congress 
Street,  is  the  Worthington  Building,  built  by  Roland  Worthington, 
the  former  owner  of  the  Boston  Traveller . 

The  most  notable  of  the  modern  buildings  of  State  Street  is 
the  mammoth  twelve-story  granite  Exchange  Building,  one  of  the 
largest  office  buildings  in  the  country.  It  has  a  frontage  of  170  feet 
on  State  Street  and  160  feet  on  Kilby  Street.  The  cost  of  this  great 
structure  was  $4,000,000.  In  this  building  are  the  quarters  of  the 
Stock  Exchange,  at  the  end  of  the  entrance  hall  on  the  first  floor. 
The  chamber  is  a  fine  hall  115  feet  long,  50  feet  wide,  and  35  feet 
high,  with  Corinthian  pillars  around  the  sides.  Entrance  to  the 
visitors’  gallery  is  from  the  marble  hall  of  the  second  floor  of  the  build¬ 
ing.  Looking  down  from  this  gallery,  the  “  pulpit,”  where  the  chair- 


160 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


man  sits  during  the  sessions,  is  seen  in  the  middle  of  the  right  side 
of  the  room;  beyond  it  the  Boston  Stock  Board;  and  opposite  that, 
on  the  left  side  of  the  room,  the  New  York  Board,  with  a  nest  of 
telephone  boxes  below.  Near  the  “pulpit”  is  the  telegraph  room; 
and  immediately  opposite,  on  the  left  side,  is  the  entrance  to  the 
bond  room.  In  the  block  beyond  the  Exchange  Building  is  the  solid 
stone  Fiske  Building.  The  brown  stone  and  yellow  brick  Farlow 
Building  on  the  corner  of  Merchant’s  Row,  the  India  Building,  the 
Board  of  Trade  Building,  the  Cunard  Building,  and  the  Richards 
Building,  complete  the  list  of  great  modern  buildings  on  this  quaint 
old  thoroughfare. 

Newspaper  Row. 

Retracing  our  way  through  State  to  Washington,  and  again 
turning  to  the  left,  we  are  in  the  midst  of  the  newspaper  offices. 
Newspaper  Row  is  the  name  given  to  that  part  of  Washington 
Street  between  State  and  School  streets.  The  first  of  these  offices 
to  our  left,  on  the  east  side  of  the  street,  is  the  handsome  freestone 
structure  occupied  by  the  Globe.  In  politics  it  is  Democratic.  Just 
above  and  adjoining  the  Globe  is  the  old  Daily  Advertiser' s 
building.  It  covers  the  site  of  the  shop  and  dwelling  of  James 
Campbell,  bookseller  and  postmaster,  who  issued  the  Boston 
News-Letter ,  the  first  newspaper  successfully  established  in  North 
America  (1704). 

This  is  the  oldest  morning  paper  in  Boston,  the  first  number 
having  appeared  on  March  3,  1813.  In  politics  the  Advertiser  is 
Republican.  The  Advertiser  and  Evening  Record  are  now  pub¬ 
lished  opposite  the  Old  South  Meeting  House.  On  the  same  side  of 
the  street,  at  the  corner  of  Water  Street,  is  the  building  of  the 
Boston  Journal,  a  Republican  morning  and  evening  paper,  which 
was  first  published,  in  1833,  under  the  name  of  the  Evening 
Mercatitile  Journal .  Its  present  name  was  adopted  when  the 
publication  of  the  morning  edition  was  begun,  in  1837.  On  the 
opposite  side  of  Washington  Street  are  the  former  Herald  and 
present  Post  buildings.  The  Bostoji  Herald ,  a  morning,  evening, 
and  Sunday  paper,  independent  in  its  political  relations,  was  founded 
in  1846.  Its  present  building  is  on  Tremont  Street,  corner  of  Mason 
Street.  The  Boston  Post ,  is  a  Democratic  morning  paper,  founded 
by  Charles  G.  Greene,  in  1831. 


A  TOUR  OF  THE  CITY . 


161 


School  Street  and  the  City  Hall. 

A  few  steps  down  Washington  Street  brings  us  to  the  corner  of 
School  Street,  where  stood  the  Old  Corner  Book  Store.  [See  “Old 
Landmarks.”]  School  Street  is  a  short,  but  crowded,  thoroughfare, 
running  from  Washington  to  Tremont  Street.  On  our  right  is  the 
brownstone  and  brick  front  of  the  Niles  Block ,  on  the  site  of  the 
dwelling  of  Dr.  John  Warren,  first  professor  of  surgery  in  Harvard 
University,  and  brother  to  Dr.  Joseph  Warren,  one  of  the  heroes 
killed  at  Bunker  Hill.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  street,  where  the 
School  Street  Block  now  stands,  was  the  Hugenot  Meeting-House, 
built  in  1704,  and  this  same  meeting-house,  in  1788,  was  transformed 
into  the  first  Catholic  church.  A  few  steps  brings  us  to  the  City  Hall , 
a  white  granite  building,  erected  in  1865.  It  is  in  the  Italian  Renais¬ 
sance  style,  crowned  by  a  Louvre  dome.  Within  this  building  are 
the  rooms  of  the  mayor,  the  halls  of  the  board  of  aldermen  and 
common  council,  and  other  city  offices.  In  the  yard,  at  the  left  of 
the  entrance,  is  a  fine  bronze  portrait  statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin , 
by  Richard  S.  Greenough.  The  statue  is  eight  feet  high,  and  stands 
on  a  pedestal  of  Quincy  granite,  capped  by  a  block  of  verd-antique. 
On  the  bronze  medallions  are  represented  important  events  in  Frank¬ 
lin’s  life: 

South  Face.— The  boy  in  the  printing  office;  with  this  inscription  below: 
“Born  in  Boston,  17  January,  1706;  died  in  Philadelphia,  17  April,  1790.” 

North  Face. —His  experiment  with  the  lightning;  with  this  inscription: 
“  Eripuit  ceclo  fulmen ,  sceptrumque  tyrannis .” 

East  Face. — Signing  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  4  July,  1776. 

West  Face.— Treaty  of  Peace  and  Independence,  3  September,  1782. 

The  statue  of  Josiah  Quincy,  on  the  right,  is  by  Thomas  Ball. 
The  figure  is  heroic,  and  stands  on  a  pedestal  of  Italian  marble.  The 
pedestal,  which  was  also  designed  by  Ball,  bears  the  following 
inscription: 

Josiah  Quincy. 

1772-1864. 

Massachusetts  Senate,  1804. 

Congress,  1805-1813. 

Judge  of  Municipal  Court,  1822. 

Mayor  of  Boston,  1823-1828. 

President  of  Harvard  University,  1829-1845. 

This  statue  was  erected  with  money  drawn  from  a  trust  fund 


162 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


established, in  i860,  by  Jonathan  Phillips,  who  bequeathed  to  the  city 
$20, 000, “the  income  from  which  shall  be  annually  expended  to  adorn 
and  embellish  the  streets  and  public  places.  ” 

King’s  Chapel  [see  chapter  entitled  “Old  Landmarks”]  is  next 
to  the  City  Hall,  while  across  the  street  the  Parker  House  [see 
remarks  on  “Hotels”  in  Chapter  I]  lifts  its  marble  front  and  fills  in 
the  block  from  Chapman  Place  to  Tremont  Street. 

Scollay  Square  and  Vicinity. 

As  we  turn  into  the  narrow,  crowded  thoroughfare  of  Tremont 
Street,  we  notice,  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Beacon  and  Tremont 
streets,  the  great  department  store  of  Houghton  &  Dutton.  On  our 
right,  after  passing  King’s  Chapel  and  the  burying  ground,  we 
come  to  the  new  Kimball  Building,  and,  on  the  corner  of  Tremont 
and  Court  streets,  the  brownstone  Hemenway  Building ,  mark¬ 
ing  the  site  of  an  old  house  in  which  General  Washington 
stayed  during  his  visit  to  Boston  in  1789*  Scollay  Squaie,  an  irreg¬ 
ular  triangle,  caused  by  the  removal  of  the  old  Scollay  Building,  is 
the  terminal  point  of  several  street-car  lines,  and  contains  one  of  the 
principal  transfer  stations  of  the  Subway.  The  main  feature  of 
the  place  is  the  bronze  statue  of  Governor  John  Winthrop ,  by 
Richard  S.  Greenough.  The  statue  was  erected  in  1880,  and 
was  also  paid  for  out  of  the  Jonathan  Phillips  fund.  It  is  a 
duplicate  of  that  standing  in  the  Capitol  at  Washington.  Winthrop 
is  represented  as  just  landed  in  the  New  World.  In  his  right  hand  is 
the  Colony  Charter,  and  in  his  left  the  Bible.  At  his  back  is  shown 
a  newly  cut  forest  tree,  with  a  rope  attached,  significant  of  the 
fastening  of  the  boat  in  which  he  is  supposed  to  have  come  to  the 

shore. 

Crossing  Scollay  Square  to  the  entrance  of  Pemberton  Square,  we 
can  see  the  front  of  the  County  Court  House ,  which  stretches  across 
the  entire  length  of  the  square.  It  is  a  massive  granite  building,  in 
the  German  Renaissance  style,  450  long,  190  feet  in  its  greatest 
width,  and  85  feet  high.  The  building  incloses  four  court-yards,  which 
have  an  area  of  14,632  feet.  About  these  court-yards  are  grouped  the 
rooms  and  corridors.  The  building  covers  65,356  feet.  The  entrance 
for  judges  and  jury  are  in  the  rear  of  the  building.  The  imposing 
entrance  hall  is  ornamented  by  a  series  of  emblematic  statues  by 
Dominga  Mora.  They  represent  Law,  Justice,  Wisdom,  Innocence 


A  TOUR  OF  THE  CITY . 


163 


and  Guilt.  George  A.  Clough  was  the  architect  of  this  building, 
which  was  begun  in  1871,  and  cost  $2,500,000. 

Let  us  now  walk  along  Beacon  Street  to  the  south.  On  the  east 
side  of  the  street  is  the  building  of  the  Boston  Athenaeum,  nearly 
opposite  this  the  Hotel  Bellevue,  and  next  beyond  this  the  massive 
brownstone  Unitarian  House.  Here  are  the  denominational  book 
salesrooms,  offices  and  committee  rooms  of  the  American  Unitarian 
Association,  the  Unitarian  Sunday  School  Society,  which  compre¬ 
hends  the  whole  country,  and  the  Benevolent  Fraternity  of  Churches; 
and  on  the  upper  floor,  “  Channing  Hall.”  Congregational  House , 
containing  “  Pilgrim  Hall,”  is  opposite  it. 

At  the  corner  of  Beacon  and  Park  streets  is  the  Raymond  Build 
ing ,  formerly  one  of  the  finest  houses  in  the  city.  It  was  built,  in 
1804,  by  Thomas  Amory,  and  was  called  “Amory’s  Folly,”  because  of 
its  great  size  and  costliness.  It  was  at  a  later  period  divided  into 
four  dwellings.  Among  the  distinguished  people  who  have,  at  differ¬ 
ent  times,  been  its  tenants,  were  Gov.  Christopher  Gore,  Samuel 
Dexter,  the  great  lawyer  and  statesman,  and  Edward  G.  Malbone, 
the  miniature  painter.  Lafayette  stayed  here  for  two  weeks,  in  1824, 
as  the  guest  of  the  city,  the  house  having  been  rented  for  this  pur¬ 
pose  by  Mayor  Quincy. 

The  Shaw  Monument  is  immediately  opposite  this  corner,  on  the 
edge  of  the  Common. 


Beacon  Hill. 

The  next  object  to  claim  our  attention  is  the  State  House ,  on 
the  highest  point  of  Beacon  Hill.  This  fine  old  building  is 
approached  by  a  broad  flight  of  stone  steps.  In  the  yard,  on  the 
right,  is  a  bronze  statue  of  Webster,  by  Hiram  Powers;  on  the 
left,  one  of  Horace  Mann,  by  Emma  Stebbins.  The  State  House, 
with  its  gilded  dome,  is  visible  from  many  parts  of  the  city  and 
harbor.  The  land  on  which  it  stands  was  Governor  Hancock’s 
cow  pasture,  and  was  purchased  from  his  heirs  by  the  town  and 


A  TOUR  OF  THE  CITY . 


165 


given  to  the  State.  The  building  was  designed  by  Bulfinch,  the 
first  and  one  of  the  greatest  of  American  architects.  The  corner¬ 
stone  was  laid  by  the  Free  Masons  (Paul  Revere,  Grand  Master), 
July  4,  1795.  It  was  first  occupied  by  the  Legislature  in  January, 
1798.  In  1853-56,  it  was  extended  northerly  to  Mount  Vernon 
Street,  and,  a  few  years  later,  its  interior  was  remodeled.  In  1874,  it 
was  extensively  repaired,  and  its  dome  was  gilded,  and  in  1889, 
the  State’s  business  having  outgrown  it,  the  Legislature  authorized 
the  construction  of  the  “  State  House  Extensio?i  ”  in  the  rear  of 
the  original  building. 

The  extension  is  of  yellow  brick,  with  trimmings  of  white 
marble,  simulating  the  familiar  yellow  and  white  of  the  “  Colonial  ” 
style.  Its  design  was  intended  to  harmonize  with  that  by  Bulfinch, 
but  the  result  is  generally  regarded  as  infelicitous,  being  severely 
criticised  as  out  of  scale  and  weak  in  effect,  though  having  the 
merit  of  considerable  good  detail. 

The  entrance  halls  of  the  State  House  are  magnificent  apartments 
of  marble,  the  interior  one,  admitting  by  splendid  staircases  to  the 
Legislative  Halls  above  being  particularly  imposing. 

The  front,  or  “  Doric,”  hall  contains  two  statues,  one  of  Washing¬ 
ton,  by  Chan  trey,  and  one  of  Governor  Andrew,  by  Thomas  Ball. 

The  interior  of  the  extension  is  pleasant,  cheerful,  well  ven¬ 
tilated,  and,  for  the  most  part,  convenient.  It  is  occupied  by  the 
various  administrative  and  executive  departments  of  the  common¬ 
wealth,  and  includes  two  large  and  handsome  halls  —  that  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  and  the  State  Library,  besides  various 
legislative  committee-rooms,  etc.  The  Senate  remains  in  its 
chamber  in  the  old  building. 

The  new  Hall  of  Representatives  is  a  handsome  and  richly 
decorated  room,  considerably  larger  than  the  old  hall,  but  lacking 
the  stately  beauty  of  the  latter,  which  is  one  of  Bulfinch ’s  finest 
interiors.  The  acoustic  properties  of  the  old  hall  are  perfect,  but 
those  of  the  former  turn  out  to  be  very  defective. 

The  decorations  of  the  new  hall,  by  Mr.  Frank  Hill  Smith,  are 
very  handsome.  Its  amphitheater  shape,  with  domed  ceiling, 
lends  itself  well  to  fine  decorative  effects.  The  treatment  is  in  the 
Italian  Renaissance.  Prominent  features  of  the  scheme  are  the 
names  of  fifty-three  men,  eminent  in  Massachusetts  history, 
inscribed  on  the  frieze,  beginning  with  John  Carver  and  ending 


166 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


with  Phillips  Brooks;  the  names  of  the  counties  in  the  stained- 
glass  skylight,  and  the  symbols  of  Statecraft,  Law,  Commerce, 
Science,  Industry,  the  Arts,  etc.,  that  occupy  panels  in  the  coving 
and  elsewhere. 

Grounds  of  considerable  extent  have  been  taken  east  of  the  State 
House  to  form  open  gardens.  These  have  a  fine  outlook,  and  are 
adorned  by  heroic  bronze  statues  of  General  Joseph  Hooker,  Governor 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks  and  Major-General  Charles  Devens.  There  is 
also  a  lofty  granite  column,  bearing  a  great  bronze  spread  eagle, 
which  is  “to  commemorate  that  train  of  events  which  led  to  the 
American  Revolution,  and  finally  secured  Liberty  and  Independence 
to  the  United  States.’’  It  was  “erected  by  the  voluntary  sub¬ 
scriptions  of  the  citizens  of  Boston.’’  It  is  further  interesting 
from  the  following  facts:  “In  1634  the  General  Court  caused  a 
beacon  [whence  the  name  Beacon  Hill  and  Street]  to  be  placed  on 
the  top  of  this  hill.  In  1790  a  brick  and  stone  monument,  designed 
by  Charles  Bulfinch,  replaced  the  beacon,  but  was  removed  in 
1811,  when  the  hill  was  cut  down.  It  is  now  reproduced  in  stone 
by  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument  Association,  1898.’’ 

Just  beyond  the  State  House,  in  the  fence  in  front  of  a  modern 
brownstone  house,  is  a  tablet  announcing  that  here  once  stood 
the  Hancock  Mansion ,  which,  in  its  day,  was  one  of  the  finest 
mansions  in  the  town.  Built,  in  1737,  by  Thomas  Hancock,  it  was 
inherited  by  his  nephew,  John  Hancock.  It  was  taken  down,  in 
1863,  to  make  room  for  modern  improvements. 

At  the  corner  of  Beacon  and  Joy  streets  is  the  lofty  Hotel  Tudor , 
one  of  the  largest  and  finest  apartment  houses  in  Boston.  In  its 
rear,  No.  1  Joy  Street,  is  the  Diocesan  House,  used  by  the  various 
organizations  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church.  The  house  be¬ 
longs  to  the  Episcopal  Church  Association. 

Through  the  Common  and  Public  Garden. 

Now,  let  us  cross  Beacon  Street  and  enter  the  Common  by  way  of 
the  Joy  Street  gate.  By  taking  the  path  to  the  right  and  skirting  the 
Frog  Pond  to  its  western  extremity,  we  shall  strike  a  path  leading  to 
the  Soldiers’  and  Sailors’  Monument.  [See  The  Common,  in  Chap¬ 
ter  III.]  Leaving  the  Common  by  the  Charles  Street  gate,  and 
crossing  the  street,  we  are  at  once  in  the  midst  of  the  beauties  of  the 
Public  Garden.  [See  The  Public  Garden,  in  Chapter  III.]  If  W3 


COMMONWEALTH  AVENUE. 


* 

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168 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


follow  the  main  walk  across  the  bridge  to  the  Arlington  Street  gate, 
we  shall  have  time  to  view  the  beautiful  equestrian  statue  of  Wash¬ 
ington,  and  the  fountain  and  Ether  Monument  to  our  right. 

Commonwealth  Avenue. 

We  now  cross  Arlington  Street  and  enter  the  stately  boulevard, 
Commonwealth  Avenue ,  with  a  shady  parkway  through  its  center, 
and  palatial  homes  lining  it  on  either  side.  We  will  follow  the  shady 
central  path  and,  quite  near  Arlington  Street,  we  pass  the  granite 
statue  of  Alexander  Hamilton,  the  work  of  Dr.  William  Rimmer. 
This  was  the  gift  to  the  city  of  Thomas  Lee,  the  donor  of  the  “  Ether 
Monument  ”  in  the  Public  Garden.  Just  beyond  Berkeley  Street  is 
the  bronze  statue  of  Gen.  John  Glover,  commander  of  the  Marble¬ 
head  Marine  Regiment  in  the  Continental  Army.  This  is  Martin 
Milmore’s  work,  and  was  presented  to  the  city  by  Benjamin  T.  Reed. 
Crossing  Clarendon  Street,  at  the  left  is  the  beautiful  First  Bap¬ 
tist  Church,  described  in  Chapter  VII.  On  the  southeast  corner 
of  Dartmouth  Street  is  the  Vendome,  its  white  marble  front 
extending  along  the  avenue  a  distance  of  240  feet.  In  front  of 
the  Vendome  in  the  parkway  is  a  bronze  statue  of  William  Lloyd 
Garrison,  the  great  anti-slavery  agitator.  The  statue  is  the  work  of 
Olin  L.  Warner  of  New  York.  This  is  one  of  the  best  portrait 
statues  in  the  city.  On  one  side  of  the  pedestal  is  cut  Garrison’s 
daring  declaration  : 

“  I  am  in  earnest;  I  will  not  equivocate;  I  will  not  excuse;  I  will 
not  retreat  a  single  inch;  and  I  will  be  heard.” 

And  on  the  other  side: 

“  My  country  is  the  world;  my  countrymen  are  all  mankind.” 

Copley  Square. 

We  will  now  turn  back  to  the  corner  of  Dartmouth  Street,  and 
keep  on  the  right  side  of  that  street  to  Copley  Square.  On  the 
corner  of  Newbury  we  pass  the  Boston  Art  Club’s  home,  and  opposite, 
on  our  left,  the  Victoria  Hotel,  a  brick  building  with  crenelated  trim¬ 
mings  and  battlemented  top. 

Here  we  catch  a  glimpse  of  Copley  Square ,  the  center  of  artistic, 
literary,  and  educational  life  in  Boston.  At  our  right,  on  the  corner 
of  Boylston  and  Dartmouth,  is  the  new  Old  South  Church.  Facing  the 
square  is  the  chaste  and  classic  front  of  the  new  Public  Library,  with 


HARVARD  BRIDGE. 


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170 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON . 


its  enormous  pedestals  at  either  side  of  the  entrance,  waiting  for 
St.  Gaudens’  groups,  and  much  of  the  expanse  of  its  pale  walls 
covered  richly  with  the  names  of  the  world’s  greatest  men. 

On  the  south  side  is  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  with  matchless 
treasures  of  Oriental  art,  and  at  the  east  stands  Trinity,  with  its 
beautiful  central  tower  and  its  quiet  cloisters.  On  the  north  side  of 
the  square  are  the  Second  Unitarian  Church,  Girls’  Latin  School, 
and  two  apartment  houses.  A  recent  writer,  in  speaking  of  this 
most  attractive  part  of  the  town,  says: 

“  Copley  Square,  at  certain  hours  of  the  day,  presents  the  aspects 
of  a  new  Latin  quarter,  so  conspicuously  does  the  student  element 
predominate  in  the  throngs  that  cover  its  pavements.  Here  the 
currents  intermingle  and  cross,  now  tending  toward  the  Massa¬ 
chusetts  Institute  of  Technology,  on  Boylston  Street  (‘  Tech  ’  is  the 
only  name  ever  given  this  great  scientific  school  in  Boston);  now 
hurrying  toward  the  Harvard  Medical  School;  now  making  for  the 
three  busy  art  schools  in  the  neighborhood  —  those  of  the  Museum 
of  Fine  Arts,  the  Massachusetts  Normal  Art  School,  the  Cowles  Art 
School;  and,  eddying  aside  from  the  main  currents,  go  the  thou¬ 
sands  of  school -boys  and  school-girls,  bound  for  the  countless  public 
and  private  schools  of  the  Back  Bay  and  the  South  End  —  one  build- 
ing  alone,  that  of  the  public  Latin  and  English  High  Schools,  con¬ 
taining  nearly  2,000  boys,  who  come  to  it  from  all  parts  of  Greater 
Boston.” 


To  Cambridge  via  Harvard  Bridge. 

And  now  we  will  take  an  electric  car  going  south  on  Boylston 
street,  with  “  Harvard  Square  ”  on  end  sign,  and  visit  Harvard  Col¬ 
lege,  in  Cambridge,  but  which,  in  reality,  spreads  all  over  Boston.  Our 
route  is  along  Boylston  Street  to  Massachusetts  Avenue  and  west¬ 
ward  across  Harvard  Bridge.  As  we  cross  Commonwealth  Avenue 
we  catch  a  fleeting  glimpse  of  Miss  Whitney’s  statute  of  Leif  Ericsson 
and  the  Fens.  From  the  bridge  we  can  look  back  on  our  right  and 
see  the  houses  of  the  Back  Bay  region.  While  speeding  along  Massa¬ 
chusetts  Avenue,  we  must  notice  on  our  right,  at  the  corner  of  Inman 
Street,  the  City  Hall,  a  gift  to  the  city  from  a  former  resident.  [See 
Cambridge ,  in  Chapter  II,  and  Harvard  University ,in  Chapter  VI.] 
In  returning  to  Boston,  we  take  the  Bowdoin  Square  car,  which, 
starting  from  Harvard  Square,  passes  along  Kirkland.  Cambridge, 


A  TOUR  OF  THE  CITY. 


171 


and  Bridge  streets;  Craigie  Bridge,  which  affords  a  good  view  of 
Charlesbank  [see  Charlesbank,  in  Chapter  III],  Leverett,  Causeway, 
Portland,  and  Sudbury  streets  to  Bowdoin  Square.  Here  we  will  leave 
this  car  and  board  another,  which  passes  along  the  famous  old  Corn- 
hill  to  Adams  Square,  where  Washington  Street  is  entered. 

Charlestown  and  Bunker  Hill. 

The  car  crosses  Hanover  Street  to  Haymarket  Square;  passes 
through  Beverly  Street,  and  then  across  the  broad  bridge  to  Charles¬ 
town.  On  the  right,  as  we  cross  the  bridge,  we  have  glimpses  of  the 
harbor  and  shipping,  while  on  our  left  are  the  railroad  bridges. 
Crossing  City  Square,  with  the  Waverly  Hotel  on  one  side,  and  the 
old  City  Hall  of  Charlestown  ahead,  the  car  runs  off  on  Park  Street. 
As  it  enters  Warren  Street,  the  Navy  Yard  can  be  seen  down  a  long 
street  to  the  right,  and  just  ahead  is  the  Charlestown  Soldiers’ Monu¬ 
ment,  the  work  of  Martin  Milmore.  Three  squares  beyond,  on  look¬ 
ing  up  Monument  Street  to  the  right,  and  at  its  head,  we  see  the 
granite  obelisk  of  Bunker  Hill  Monument.  [See  Charlestown  and 
Bunker  Hill  Mojiument ,  in  Chapter  II.] 

Returning  by  the  same  route,  we  shall  find  ourselves  back  at  the 
point  from  whence  we  started,  having  covered  much  of  the  territory 
and  noted  maily  of  the  points  which,  from  historical  or  other  fame,  are 
most  attractive  to  visitors. 


JOHNSON  GATE,  CAMBRIDGE 


X. 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE 

RESORTS. 


The  Harbor.  — The  advantages  of  Boston  Harbor  have  often  been 
recounted  by  scientists,  and  are  constantly  experienced  by  those  who 
go  down  to  the  sea  in  ships.  The  facility  and  safety  of  its  approaches, 
the  ample  width  and  depth  of  its  entrance,  and  the  shelter  and  tran¬ 
quility  of  its  roadsteads,  are  not  surpassed  by  those  of  any  harbor  in 
the  world.  Her  interior  water-space  is  divided  by  chains  of  islands 
into  basins,  which  offer  sufficient  room  for  500  ships  of  the  largest 
class  to  ride  freely  at  anchor,  and  sufficient  tranquility  for  the  frailest 
pleasure  craft.  But  it  is  not  of  these  things  that  the  average  tourist 
will  think  as  he  stands  on  the  deck  of  one  of  the  harbor  steamboats 
that  ply  between  the  city,  and  the  towns,  and  the  resorts  that  line 
the  shores  on  either  hand.  The  surpassing  loveliness  of  the  harbor, 
its  surface  dotted  with  numberless  islands  of  fantastic  shape,  and  its 
irregular  and  picturesque  shores,  will  hold  him  spell-bound,  and  for¬ 
getful  of  scientific  data  and  historical  legend. 

And  Boston  has  nothing  better,  in  the  way  of  entertainment,  to 
offer  to  her  guests  than  a  sail  on  the  blue  waters  of  her  bay.  Most  of 
the  islands  have  a  history  which  it  would  be  interesting  to  review, 
and  those  who  are  tracing  resemblances  will  find  amusing  the  fol¬ 
lowing  description  by  Doctor  Shurtleff :  “  Noddle’s  Island,  or  East 
Boston,  as  it  is  now  called,  very  much  resembles  a  great  polar  bear, 
with  its  head  north  and  its  feet  east.  Governor’s  Island  has  much 
the  form  of  a  ham,  and  Castle  Island  looks  like  a  shoulder  of  pork, 
both  with  their  shanks  at  the  south.  Apple  Island  was,  probably,  so 
named  on  account  of  its  shape  ;  and  Snake  Island  may  be  likened  to 
a  kidney  ;  Deer  Island  is  very  like  a  whale  facing  Point  Shirley ; 

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BOSTON  HARB  OR  AND  SE  A  SIDE  RESORTS. 


173 


Thompson’s  Island,  like  a  very  young  unfledged  chicken  ;  Spectacle 
Island,  like  a  pair  of  spectacles  ;  Long  Island,  like  a  high-top  mili¬ 
tary  boot ;  Rainsford’s  Island,  like  a  mink  ;  Moon  Island,  like  a  leg 
of  venison  ;  Gallop’s  (not  Galloupe’s),  like  a  leg  of  mutton  ;  Lovell’s, 
like  a  dried  salt  fish  ;  George’s,  like  a  fortress,  as  it  is  ;  Peddock’s, 
like  a  young  sea  monster  ;  and  Half  Moon,  like  the  new  or  the  old 
moon,  as  you  view  it  from  the  south  or  the  north.  The  other  small 
islands  resemble  pumpkins,  grapes,  and  nuts,  as  much  as  anything; 
hence  the  names  of  them.” 

Two  defunct  forts  slumber  in  Boston  Harbor —  Fort  Independence , 
on  Castle  Island,  and  Fort  Winthrop ,  on  Governor  s  Island.  A  third, 
Fort  Warren ,  alive  and  armed  with  several  hundred  watchful 
eyes,  stands  guard  at  the  entrance  to  the  harbor,  on  George’s  Island. 

The  Islands. 

Castle  Island  was  the  first  fortified  island  in  the  country.  Here, 
in  1634,  the  Colonists  erected  rude  fortifications,  which  were  replaced, 
in  1701,  by  Castle  William,  a  brick  fort.  This  was  burned  by  the 
British  when  they  evacuated  Boston  in  March,  1776.  The  Provincial 
forces  then  took  possession  of  the  island  and  repaired  the  fort.  In 
1797,  its  name  was  formally  changed  to  Fort  Independence,  President 
John  Adams  attending  the  ceremonies.  The  island  was  ceded  to 
the  General  Government  in  1798.  This  island  was  the  scene  of  many 
fatal  duels  in  the  early  days,  and  a  memorial  stone  of  such  an  event 
is  still  standing,  which  relates  that  “  near  this  spot,  on  the  25th  of 
Dec.,  1817,  fell  Lieut.  Robert  F.  Massie,  aged  21,”  and  bears  these 
lines : 

“  Here  Honor  comes,  a  Pilgrim  gray, 

To  deck  the  turf,  that  wraps  his  clay.’ 

From  1785  to  1805,  it  was  the  place  of  confinement  of  prisoners 
sentenced  to  hard  labor,  provision  that  this  privilege  should,  be  retained 
having  been  made  in  the  act  of  cession  to  the  Federal  Government. 
The  present  fort  was  built  about  the  year  1855,  and  a  small  portion 
of  the  wall  of  the  old  castle  remains  in  the  rear  part  of  the  fortifica¬ 
tion.  Castle  Island,  as  we  have  seen  in  Chapter  III,  is  now  a  part  of 
the  public  park  system,  connected  with  the  Marine  Park  on  South 
Boston  Point. 

Governor’s  Island,  just  north  o,  Castle  Island,  was  granted  to 
Governor  Winthrop  in  1632,  and  was,  subsequently  confirmed  to  his 


12 


174 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


heirs,  in  1640  the  condition  was  made  that  its  owner  should  pay  one 
bushel  of  apples  to  the  general  court,  and  one  to  the  Governor,  every 
winter.  The  island  continued  in  the  sole  possession  of  the  Winthrop 
family  until  1808,  when  part  of  it  was  sold  to  the  Government,  for  the 
purpose  of  erecting  a  fort,  which  was  named  Fort  Warren.  This  name 
was  subsequently  changed  to  Fort  Winthrop,  in  honor  of  the  Governor 
and  the  early  owners  of  the  island.  The  uncompleted  fortifications 
on  this  island  may  sleep  on  forever,  for  modern  warfare,  with  its  far- 
reaching  bolts,  must  be  waged  many  miles  from  this  old  stronghold. 

Thompson’s  Island,  to  the  south  of  Castle  Island,  contains  the 
Boston  Asylum  and  Farm  School  for  Indigent  Boys. 

Long  Island  is  about  five  miles  from  the  city.  It  contains  182 
acres,  and  has  belonged  to  the  city  since  1885.  Here  area  United 
States  lighthouse  and  a  battery.  The  city  almshouse  for  female 
paupers,  which  has  accommodations  for  500  inmates,  is  on  the  island, 
and  other  public  institutions  are  to  be  erected  in  time.  The  light¬ 
house,  which  was  built  in  1819,  is  an  iron  tower  35  feet  in  height, 
and  stands  on  the  highest  bluff  in  the  harbor.  The  fixed  light  is  80 
feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea,  and  can  be  seen,  in  a  clear  night, 
about  fifteen  miles.  The  lantern  has  nine  burners. 

Nix’s  Mate. — East  of  Long  Island  Head  is  a  low,  rocky  island,  on 
which  stands  a  solid  structure  of  stone,  12  feet  in  height  and  40  feet 
square.  All  the  stones  in  this  piece  of  masonry  are  securely  fastened 
together  with  copper.  Upon  it  rests  an  octagonal  pyramid  of  wood, 
20  feet  high  and  painted  black.  It  is  supposed  that  this  monument 
was  erected  in  the  earlier  years  of  the  present  century,  though  the 
date  is  not  known.  Its  purpose  was  to  warn  vessels  of  the  dangerous 
shoals  in  the  harbor.  Why  the  island  is  called  Nix’s  Mate  is  uncer¬ 
tain.  There  is  a  tradition  that  the  mate  of  a  vessel,  of  which  one 
Captain  Nix  was  master,  was  executed  upon  the  island  for  killing  the 
latter.  But  it  was  known  as  “Nix’s  Island”  as  long  ago  as  1636, 
before  any  execution  for  murder  or  piracy  had  taken  place  in  the 
Colony,  and  this  would  seem  to  unsettle  this  theory.  It  is  a  part  of 
the  tradition  that  Nix’s  mate  protested  his  innocence,  and  prophesied 
that  the  island  would  be  washed  away.  If  such  a  prophecy  was 
made,  it  has  been  fulfilled,  for  the  records  show  that,  in  1636,  it  con¬ 
tained  in  the  neighborhood  of  twelve  acres.  There  is  now  not  more 
than  one  acre  of  shoal,  and  there  is  not  a  vestige  of  soil  remaining. 
Several  pirates  have  since  been  hanged  there. 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE  RESORTS. 


175 


Deer  Island,  north  of  Long  Island,  is  where  the  Houses  of  Indus¬ 
try  and  Reformation,  the  city  correctional  institutions,  are  located. 
The  island  contains  182  acres.  Deer  Island  Beacon,  the  little  light¬ 
house  off  the  southern  extremity  of  Deer  Island,  having  been 
established  in  1890.  It  is  a  conical  frame  tower,  in  which  is  a 
fixed  white  light,  varied  by  a  red  flash  every  thirty  seconds.  It  is 
visible  twelve  nautical  miles. 

George’s  Island,  on  which  Fort  Warren  is  built,  lies  amid  the 
currents  of  the  harbor,  and  commands  the  main  ship  channel,  Nan- 
tasket  Roads,  and  the  approach  to  the  harbor.  Occupied  by  the  only 
United  States  garrison  in  Massachusetts,  it  is,  undoubtedly,  the  most 
interesting  spot  in  the  harbor.  It  has  not  the  Puritan  traditions  of 
Castle  and  Governor’s  islands,  for  in  those  early  days  it  was  thought 
too  far  away  to  be  of  much  interest.  The  island  was  claimed  as  the 
property  of  James  Pemberton  of  Hull,  as  early  as  1622.  His  pos¬ 
session  of  it  was  confirmed,  and  it  was  bought,  sold,  and  inherited  by 
various  parties  until  1825,  when  it  became  the  property  of  the  city  of 
Boston.  It  is  now,  of  course,  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  United 
States  Government.  Earthworks  were  erected  on  the  eastern  side 
of  the  island,  in  1778,  for  the  protection  of  the  French  fleet,  com¬ 
manded  by  Count  d’  Estaing,  then  lying  in  the  roadstead,  against 
the  attack  of  British  cruisers.  In  1833  work  on  the  present  formida¬ 
ble  fortress  was  begun,  and  it  was  completed  in  1850.  The  granite 
fortress,  designed  by  General  Thayer  of  Braintree,  is  built  in  the  shape 
of  a  five-pointed  star,  each  point  being  a  bastion.  Close  to  the  walls 
is  a  deep  ditch,  the  main  work  being  surrounded  by  a  moat,  beyond 
which  are  other  works.  The  six-acre  inclosure  is  entered  through  a 
postern  gate,  an  arch  of  about  five  feet  in  height,  opening  into  another 
arched  portal.  When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  there  were  no  guns 
mounted  at  Fort  Warren  and  no  garrison.  Governor  Andrew,  how¬ 
ever,  sent  the  Second  Battalion  of  Massachusetts  to  the  island,  can¬ 
non  were  placed  in  position,  and  the  deserted  fortress  became  a  strong 
defense. 

During  the  Civil  War  Fort  Warren  was  used  for  confinement  for 
noted  Confederate  prisoners.  One  empty  apartment  is  pointed  out 
as  the  residence  of  Mason  and  Slidell,  the  Confederate  commissioners 
to  Great  Britain  and  France,  who  were  taken  from  a  British  vessel 
bound  from  Havana  to  England,  and  brought  here  for  safe-keeping. 
They  were  well  treated  and  enjoyed  life  in  spite  of  their  confinement. 


170 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


On  the  morning  of  January  i,  1862,  the  emissaries  were  escorted, 
with  their  secretaries,  to  the  wharf  and  took  passage  to  Provincetown, 
where  they  embarked  in  a  British  war-vessel  and  proceeded  to  Eng¬ 
land.  Alexander  Stevens,  vice-president  of  the  Confederate  States, 
was  also  under  guard  here  for  five  months,  in  1865.  Generals  Gault 
and  Hanson,  and  Harry  Gilmour  ;  Major-General  Johnson,  captured, 
with  his  whole  division,  at  Spottsylvania,  were  also  among  the  dis¬ 
tinguished  prisoners. 

Since  the  Civil  War,  Fort  Warren  has  not  slept.  The  guns  bristle 
on  her  battlements  to  warn  off  the  foreign  invader  ;  up  and  down 
strides  the  ever-watchful  sentinel ;  inside  the  walls  the  men  are 
being  trained  in  the  tactics  of  modern  warfare.  The  only  guns  that 
are  fired  are  those  to  welcome  his  excellency,  the  Governor  of  the 
Commonwealth,  when  he  visits  the  post,  and  at  the  sunset  hour, 
when  their  booming  resounds  across  the  waters  to  the  neighboring 
shores. 

The  fortifications  are  undergoing  changes,  to  meet  the  require¬ 
ments  of  present  methods  of  warfare,  and  on  the  northern  and  east¬ 
ern  sides  of  Fort  Warren,  those  sides  that  look  out  on  the  broad 
sweep  of  the  Atlantic,  works  of  solid  concrete  are  being  built  that 
will,  when  finished  and  manned  with  12-inch  guns,  make  a 
defense  that  will  practically  intercept  the  entrance  of  foreign  war¬ 
ships  to  the  harbor.  These  parapets  are  to  be  covered  with  earth, 
which,  when  sodded,  will  present  a  beautiful  and  innocent  exterior, 
conveying  no  hint  of  the  smoldering  volcano  within.  In  time,  the 
walls  of  the  southern  and  western  sides  will  be  leveled,  to  make 
way  for  the  newer  system,  hastened  by  the  events  of  1898. 

Fort  Warren  is  reached  by  a  trim  little  government  steamer,  which 
runs  between  Boston  and  the  island. 

Lovell’s  Island,  lying  to  the  north  of  George’s  Island,  belongs  to 
the  United  States,  and  is  a  Government  buoy  station.  It  contains 
seventy-one  acres. 

Galloup’s  Island,  to  the  southwest  of  Lovell’s  Island,  has  belonged 
to  the  city  since  i860.  The  main  ship  channel  lies  between  Lovell’s 
and  Gallop’s  islands. 

Other  islands  belonging  to  the  city  are :  Rainsford ’s  I  sland,  contain¬ 
ing  seventeen  acres,  on  which  is  located  one  of  the  city  institutions  ; 
Spectacle  Island,  containing  sixty-one  acres  ;  Apple  Island,  contain¬ 
ing  nine  acres,  and  Moon  Island,  containing  about  thirty  acres, 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE  RESORTS. 


177 


which  was  taken,  by  right  of  eminent  domain,  in  1879,  and  constitutes 
the  point  of  discharge  of  the  great  sewer. 

Boston  Light  is  about  two  miles  east  of  Fort  Warren,  at  the 
entrance  of  the  harbor.  Brewster’s  Island,  on  which  it  stands,  has 
been  a  lighthouse  station  since  1715,  when  the  general  court  of  the 
Colony  ordered  one  established.  During  the  Revolution  the  light¬ 
house  was  several  times  destroyed  and  rebuilt.  In  1783,  it  was  once 
more  restored  by  the  State,  being  built  this  time  of  stone,  and  it  has 
since  been  enlarged  and  improved.  It  is  a  second-class  revolving 
white  light,  visible  sixteen  miles  at  sea.  The  tower  rises  100 
feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea,  and  can  be  seen  at  a  great  distance, 
even  by  day.  A  heavy  fog-horn  is  also  placed  here  to  warn  approach¬ 
ing  vessels  in  the  foggy  weather,  which  often  prevails. 

Bug  Light  is  upon  the  end  of  a  long,  sandy  spit  stretching  out 
from  Great  Brewster  Island.  It  is  supported  above  high  water  on  a 
system  of  iron  rods  fixed  in  the  rocky  ledge,  affording  no  surface  for 
tiie  waves  to  batter  and  destroy.  It  is  a  tixed  red  light,  standing 
about  thirty  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea.  It  is  visible  for  about 
seven  nautical  miles. 

The  Graves  Light  House  marks  the  entrance  to  Boston  Harbor 
from  the  north.  It  is  the  newest  light  in  the  Harbor,  one  of  the 
finest  and  most  powerful  on  the  coast  and  thoroughly  up  to  date 
in  equipment,  situated  on  a  very  small  ledge  called  “The  Graves.” 
Flashes  2 — 2. 

Seaside  Resorts. 

Boston  is  grandly  situated  with  reference  to  summer  resorts. 
Along  the  rocky  coast  of  Massachusetts,  stretching  away  from 
Boston,  to  the  north  and  the  south,  in  wonderful  curves  and  inden¬ 
tations,  including  several  good  harbors,  stands  a  succession  of 
towns  where  comfort-seeking  Bostonians  may  dwell  during  the 
warm  months,  and  yet  be  within  an  hour’s  sail  or  ride  from  their 
places  of  business.  The  North  Shore  and  The  South  Shore ,  as 
they  have  come  to  be  called,  are  the  natural  divisions  of  this 
chapter,  which  present  themselves  for  consideration. 

The  North  Shore. 

By  the  North  Shore  is  meant  the  northern  coast  of  what  was 
formerly  called  Massachusetts  Bay,  but  which,  on  modern  maps,  is 
a  part  of  the  Atlantic  Ocean.  It  extends  from  Nahant  and 
Swampscott,  on  the  southwest,  to  Gloucester  and  Cape  Ann,  on 
the  northeast.  For  the  sake  of  convenience,  however,  we  shall 


178 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


include  under  this  heading  several  resorts  which  lie  between  Bos¬ 
ton  and  Nahant. 

Winthrop  is  a  beautiful  peninsula,  with  about  eight  miles  of 
beach.  Summer  cottages  and  boarding-houses  abound,  and  many 
of  Boston’s  busy  toilers  find  here  a  refuge  for  their  families  during 
the  heated  term,  which  is  within  easy  distance  of  their  places  of 
business.  It  is  reached  by  the  Winthrop  branch  of  the  Boston ,  Revere 
Beach  &  Lynn  Railway,  and  by  a  steamboat. 

Hotels. —  Cliff  House — $2. 

New  Winthrop  Hotel — $2, 

Youngs — $2. 

Revere  Beach  is  a  gentle  sloping  beach  of  sand,  several  miles 
long,  lying  between  Winthrop  and  Nahant,  and  terminating  at  the 
north  in  Point  of  Pines.  It  is  now  a  part  of  the  metropolitan  park 
system.  Sea  bathing  is  safe  and  pleasant  in  the  light  surf.  There 
are  numerous  bathing  and  refreshment  houses,  and  thousands  of 
Bostonians  come  hither  on  every  hot  summer  day  to  enjoy  the 
invigorating  sea  breezes  and  the  sight  of  the  broad  expanse  of  the 
ocean.  “Wonderland”  is  a  famous  amusement  resort  here.  At  the 
Point  of  Pines  are  fine  hotels,  and  society  is  somewhat  less  hetero¬ 
geneous  than  elsewhere  on  the  beach.  The  Boston,  Revere  Beach 
&  Lynn  Railway  runs  directly  along  the  edge  of  the  beach,  affording 
passengers  charming  sea  views  all  along  the  route. 

Hotels. — 

Russel  House — $2  to  $4. 

Washington  House— %  1.50  to  $2.50. 

Nahant,  the  oldest  watering  place  on  the  North  Shore,  is  a 
rocky  promontory,  stretching  out  into  the  sea,  nearly  at  right 
angles  with  the  coast  from  Lynn,  to  which  it  is  joined  by  a  narrow 
line  of  sand  beach,  three  miles  long,  traversed  by  a  single  road. 
It  has,  for  many  years,  been  a  favorite  resort  for  old  Boston 
families,  and  its  popularity  has  never  waned  among  those  who 
have  once  acquired  an  interest  in  its  territory.  The  invigorating 
coolness  of  the  atmosphere,  even  on  the  hottest  days;  the  boldness 
and  picturesqueness  of  rock  effects,  and  the  illusion  of  being  at 
sea,  are  among  the  characteristics  which  never  lose  their  charm. 
Along  the  water’s  edge,  on  the  eastern  side,  stands  a  magnificent 
array  of  cliffs,  which,  for  ruggedness  and  bold  beauty,  are  not 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE  RESORTS. 


179 


surpassed  by  any  on  the  North  Shore.  Here  is  the  well-known 
Pulpit  Rock,  so  named  from  its  shape,  to  the  top  of  which,  in 
former  days,  a  venturesome  young  woman  climbed,  only  to  dis¬ 
cover  that  she  had  to  be  lowered  by  ropes.  The  old  hotel,  which 
was  burned  more  than  thirty  years  ago,  has  never  been  rebuilt. 
A  successful  club,  organized  within  the  last  few  years,  is  the 
social  center  which  tempts  cottagers  from  their  comfortable 
piazzas.  Dwellers  at  Nahant  are  distant,  by  either  sea  or  land, 
only  an  hour  from  the  city.  Those  who  sleep  at  Nahant  can  enjoy 
a  delicious  sail  to  the  city  by  steamboat,  which  is,  for  those  who 
love  water,  preferable  to  a  heated,  dusty  railway  journey. 

At  Bass  Point,  the  southwestern  point  of  the  peninsula  which 
constitutes  Nahant,  is  a  comfortable  restaurant,  where  well-cooked 
meals  may  be  obtained. 

Hotels. —  Hotel  Tudor  —  $3  to  $5. 

Hotel  Nahant —  $2.50  to  $3. 

Lynn  is  a  city  of  80,000  inhabitants,  on  a  plain  between  the  sea 
and  a  line  of  rugged  porphyritic  hills.  It  is  the  chief  shoemaking 
place  in  the  world,  and  employs  in  that  industry  more  than  12,000 
persons.  The  once  well-known  Ocean  Street  of  Lynn  should  not 
be  omitted  from  any  itinerary  of  the  North  Shore.  It  is  a  short, 
straight  avenue  along  the  sea  front,  Twenty-five  years  ago  it  was 
divided  into  fifteen  or  twenty  beautiful  estates,  of  from  one  to  three 
acres  in  extent,  ranged  side  by  side  in  stately  dignity.  They  fronted 
on  the  avenue,  and  backed  on  the  full  expanse  of  that  portion  of 
the  sea  which  lies  under  the  lee  of  Nahant.  Under  the  influence  of 
the  demand  for  summer  residences,  these  fine  estates  have  been  cut 
up  into  smaller  building  lots,  and  traversed  by  connecting  streets. 
The  old-time  mansions  have  been  pulled  down,  and,  while  in  a  few 
cases  they  have  been  superseded  by  very  elaborate  structures,  the 
majority  of  the  new  cottages  are  of  the  every-day  Queen  Anne  type. 
Ocean  Street  is  largely  occupied  by  the  wealthy  shoe  manufacturers 
of  Lynn,  who  live  there  the  year  round. 

Hotels. —  Kirtla7id  House — $2. 

Hotel  Sey7nour — $2  to  $3. 

Prescott  House — $4. 

Swampscott  is  connected  with  Lynn  by  a  single  shore  road,  which 
runs  out  of  Ocean  Street.  It  has,  for  many  years,  been  a  favorite 


180 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


camping-ground  of  Boston  people  who  wish  to  live  by  the  sea  with 
as  little  expense  and  trouble  as  possible,  and,  at  the  same  time,  be 
close  to  the  city.  Here  are  several  large  hotels  and  boarding-houses, 
and  many  sea-shore  villas,  with  picturesque  rocky  points  and  inter¬ 
vening  sandy  beaches. 

Beach  Bluff  is  a  residence  community  east  of  Swampscott. 

Hotels. — Hotel  Preston  —  $3.50  to  $4. 

Lincoln  House — $3  to  $4. 

Ocean  House  —  $3  to  $4. 

Marblehead. — This  quaint  old  maritime  town,  in  ancient  times 
famous  for  its  fishermen  and  privateers,  is  now  the  center  of  a  group 
of  summer  resorts.  Marblehead  was  detached  from  Salem  and 
incorporated  as  an  independent  town,  known  as  Marble  Harbor,  on 
May  2,  1649.  It  is,  therefore,  one  of  the  oldest  towns  in  New  England. 
It  is  an  interesting  town  historically  and  topographically,  and  its 
crooked  streets  and  quaint,  irregular  houses  are  a  study  in  them¬ 
selves.  It  is  connected  with  Lynn  and  Salem  by  electric  railroads. 

Among  the  historic  houses  in  Marblehead  may  be  mentioned  the 
large  white  house,  nearly  opposite  the  North  Church,  where  Elbridge 
Gerry,  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  Governor  of 
Massachusetts,  and  Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  was  born. 
Col.  William  R.  Lee,  of  Revolutionary  fame,  once  lived  in  a  house 
just  north  of  the  Common.  The  hero,  James  Mugford,  who  captured 
the  British  powder  ship,  once  lived  in  the  house  on  the  corner  of 
Back  and  Mugford  streets.  The  Lee  house,  now  occupied  by  two 
banks,  was  built  by  Col,  Jeremiah  Lee,  in  1776,  at  a  cost  of  $50,000. 
In  its  day,  it  was  a  princely  mansion,  and  is  worth  a  visit  now,  for 
its  great  halls,  its  grand  staircase,  and  its  carved  wainscoting  may 
still  be  seen.  The  home  of  Flood  (Floyd)  Ireson  was  on  Washington, 
near  the  head  of  Franklin  Street.  The  house  is  still  standing.  The 
oldest  building  in  Marblehead  is  the  old  town  house,  which  stands 
near  the  junction  of  Washington  and  State  streets.  It  was  built  in 
1727,  and  its  walls  have  resounded  to  the  eloquence  of  a  Gerry,  a 
Story,  the  Lees,  the  Ormes,  and  many  others. 

On  high  ground  rises  Abbot  Hall,  the  most  important  public  build¬ 
ing  of  the  present  day.  It  was  built,  in  1877,  from  a  fund  left  by 
Benjamin  Abbot,  a  lifelong  resident  of  the  town.  A  magnificent 
view  is  obtained  from  the  tall  tower  of  this  building. 

Marblehead  Neck,  which  lies  just  across  the  harbor,  is  a  penin 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE  RESORTS. 


181 


sula  one  and  one-fourth  miles  in  length  and  about  half  a  mile  in 
width.  It  is  approached  by  a  narrow  isthmus,  formed  of  rocks  and 
sand  washed  up  by  the  waves.  The  ocean  side  is  a  bluff,  rock- 
bound  shore.  The  harbor,  on  the  northwest  side,  is  nearly  a  half-mil^ 
wide,  and  is  one  of  the  best  yacht  harbors  on  the  coast.  This  fact  led 
the  members  of  the  Eastern  Yacht  Club  to  make  this  their  head¬ 
quarters,  and  they  built  a  club-house  here  in  1880.  The  Corinthian 
Yaciit  Club  has  also  a  fine  club-house  on  the  Neck.  Just  outside  this 
snug  harbor,  where  the  yachts  of  to-day  contend  for  silver  cups,  the 
Chesapeake  and  the  Shannon  fired  deadly  broadsides  at  each  other  in 
the  summer  of  1813. 

The  Neck  is  lined  with  beach  cottages  and  hotels,  and  it  is  second 
to  no  sea-shore  resort  in  the  country  for  picturesqueness  of  surround¬ 
ings.  An  interesting  electric  line  runs  along  the  coast. 

Hotels. —  Crowninshield  Hotel  (Clifton)  —  Special. 

Follet  House  (Marblehead  Neck)  —  Special. 

Nanepashemet  Hotel  —  $3  to  $6. 

Salem  Willows. —  The  tongue  of  land  stretching  out  and  forming 
the  northern  boundary  of  Salem  Harbor  is  known  as  the  Willows. 
This  is  a  great  point  of  attraction  during  the  summer  season,  and 
every  provision  is  made  for  the  entertainment  of  the  crowds  who 
visit  it,  by  steamboat  or  by  electric  cars. 

Beverly  is  situated  on  an  indenture  of  the  coast,  formed  by  the 
harbors  of  Marblehead  and  Salem.  It  was  originally  a  part  of 
ancient  Naumkeag,  but  was  incorporated  as  an  independent  town  in 
1668.  The  fishing  business,  once  quite  extensive,  is  now  insignifi¬ 
cant,  and  Beverly  is  an  important  shoe-manufacturing  town.  It  is  at, 
and  beyond,  Beverly  that  the  true  grandeur  of  the  North  Shore 
begins.  From  here  to  the  northeast,  as  far  as  the  eye  can  see,  lies  a 
marvelous  coast,  with  curving  beaches,  wooded  points,  and  rugged 
cliffs,  from  which  you  may  look  out  over  the  blue  sea  and  inhale  its 
^ragrance,  and,  by  turning  about,  find  yourself  face  to  face  with  a 
ural  landscape  of  quiet  woods  and  green  meadows.  A  succession  of 
fine  estates  follows  the  shore,  and,  almost  invariably,  the  houses  stand 
in  the  midst  of  several  acres  of  park-like  grounds. 

Between  Beverly  and  Gloucester  are  Pride’s  Crossing  and  Bev¬ 
erly  Farms,  beyond  which  lies  West  Manchester,  Manchester,  and 
Magnolia,  by  which  names,  for  the  sake  of  municipal  or  railway  con¬ 
venience,  one  strip  of  shore  is  distinguished  from  another. 


182 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Beverly  Hotels. — Hotel  Walter — special;  Trafton  House — $2. 

Manchester  Hotels. — Masconomo — $4  to  $5 ;  Manchester  House — 
$1.50  to  $2. 

Magnolia  Hotels.  —  Hesperus  Hotel  —  $3;  The  Blynman  —  $3; 
Ocean  Side —  $3;  Oak  Grove  Hotel — $2.50;  The  Magnolia — $3.50  to 
$6;  A  born — special. 

Gloucester  is  thirty -one  miles  from  Boston,  by  the  Boston  & 
Maine  Railway.  It  was  settled  in  1633,  and  it  has  always  been  the 
important  fishing  town  of  this  part  of  the  world.  Gloucester  is  in 
close  connection,  by  electric  cars,  with  Eastern  Point,  Bay  View, 
Lanesville,  and  other  neighborhoods. 

Hotels  at  Gloucester  are:  In  the  city,  Surf  side,  $3  to  $5;  at  East 
Gloucester  (by  electric  cars  or  ferry),  Hathorne ,  Delphine ,  Harbor 
View ,  Merrill  Hall ,  Fairview  Cottage ,  and  others,  each  $2  to  $2.50. 

Eastern  Point. —  A  large  number  of  hotels  and  cottages  will  be 
found  on  Eastern  Point,  which  forms  the  easterly  boundary  of 
Gloucester  Harbor.  On  the  ocean  side  are  the  delightful  summer 
resorts  known  as  Bass  Rocks ,  and  Good  Harbor  Beach. 

Hotels. — Bass  Rock  House — $3. 

Pavilion  Hotel — $3. 

The  Beachcroft— -Special. 


PARAGON  PARK 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE  RESORTS  183 


The  South  Shore 

The  South  Shore  of  Massachusetts  Bay  presents  fewer  striking 
contrasts  than  the  North  Shore,  but  it  abounds  in  charming  scenery 
of  sea  and  land,  and  it  is  more  emphatically  given  over  to  the 
worship  of  the  summer  boarder.  From  Hingham,  around  the 
queer  little  peninsula,  on  whose  extremity  stands  the  town  of  Hull, 
to  Plymouth,  the  shore  is  lined  with  boarding-houses,  hotels  and 
summer  cottages. 

Hingham. — Has  many  pleasant  drives,  with  fine  views  of  sea 
and  harbor.  The  visitor  will  be  charmed  with  the  old  Colonial 
houses,  and  “The  Old  Ship”  the  oldest  church  edifice  in  the  country, 
dating  from  1681,  and  still  in  use.  In  the  adjacent  graveyard  are 
the  statue  and  tomb  of  John  A.  Andrew,  the  War  Governor  of 
Massachusetts,  and  the  monument  of  General  Lincoln,  of  Revolu¬ 
tionary  fame.  Hingham  is  on  the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hart¬ 
ford  Railway,  which  connects  with  the  railroad  running  north  to 
Nantasket  Beach  and  Hull. 

Hotels. —  Lincoln  House — $3. 

Cushing  House — $2. 

Hull  is  a  quiet  little  town,  of  less  than  two  thousand  inhabitants, 
standing  at  the  end  of  the  peninsula,  which  stretches  north  from 
the  South  Shore,  and  forms  a  natural  breakwater,  which  protects 
Boston  Harbor.  Here,  on  the  high  hill,  which  commands  a  view 
of  the  entire  harbor,  is  the  observatory,  from  which  the  arrival  of 
vessels,  their  names,  and  the  point  from  which  they  sailed,  are 
telegraphed  to  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  in  the  city.  Hull  is  only 
a  half-hour  from  Boston  by  steamer,  and  it  is  the  terminus  of  the 
railroad,  a  branch  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  Rail¬ 
way,  which  runs  the  entire  length  of  Nantasket  Beach,  a  distance 
of  five  miles.  Powerful  fortifications  were  built  here  in  1898. 

The  leading  hostelry  of  the  place  is  the  Hotel  Pemberton  —  $4- 


184 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON 


Nantasket  Beach  is  under  the  supervision  of  the  Massachusetts 
Park  Commission,  which  assures  protection  from  the  rough  element. 

Since  the  Commission  assumed  control  most  of  the  fakir  shows 
have  been  thrown  out.  There  are,  however,  a  large  pavilion,  dance- 
hall,  roller  coaster  and  other  attractions. 

The  daily  band  concerts  by  one  of  the  best  bands  in  the  State 
is  a  feature. 

Its  principal  feature  is  its  magnificent  bathing  beach,  the  finest 
in  the  State.  The  bath-house  is  controlled  by  the  Commission  and 
is  a  marvel  of  cleanliness. 

Paragon  Park 

When  one  thinks  about  Paragon  Park  with  its  multitude  of  big 
attractions,  the  first  thought  is  of  the  Palm  Garden,  or  perhaps  it 
would  be  more  correct  to  say  that  one’s  first  thought  is  of  the  Palm 
Garden  and  that  suggests  Paragon  Park.  Probably  no  place  on  the 
New  England  coast  is  now  more  famous  for  its  cuisine,  ideal  ser¬ 
vice  and  complete  wine  list.  Surely  no  place  for  dining  gaily  is  more 
attractive  or  more  perfect  in  its  appointments.  Here  one  may  dine 
in  a  garden  of  palms  swayed  by  ocean  breezes,  with  a  view  of  the  beach, 
sea  and  surf  on  one  side,  and  the  bay  on  the  other,  while  in  front 
the  eye  has  the  full  sweep  of  the  park  with  its  gay  throngs  on  the 
plaza  and  the  board  walk  around  the  lagoon,  the  grand  electric 
illumination,  the  free  circus  acts,  etc.  And  better  than  all  else  the 
Palm  Garden  patrons  are  regaled  with  constant  music,  either  from 
the  band  in  the  band  stand,  the  orchestra  in  the  garden  itself,  or 
the  singing  of  soloists  and  the  quartette.  It  is  the  largest  dining 
room  in  New  England,  accommodating  nearly  a  thousand  people  at 
tables  of  two,  four  and  six,  while  as  many  more  may  be  accommo¬ 
dated  at  the  refreshment  tables  on  the  broad  verandahs  which  sur¬ 
round  the  Palm  Garden  on  three  sides. 

Hotels. —  Atlantic  House  —  $3  to  $4.50. 

Black  Rock  House  —  $2  to  $3. 

Nantasket  House  —  $2. 

Rockland  House —  $4. 

Nantasket  is  reached  by  steamer  from  Rowe’s  Wharf,  eight  or  ten 
times  daily,  and  by  the  Old  Colony  division  of  the  New  York,  New 
Haven  &  Hartford  Railway  to  Hingham,  thence  by  the  Nantasket 
Beach  Railway,  now  operated  by  electricity. 

Cohasset  is  twenty  miles  from  Boston  by  the  New  York,  New 
Haven  &  Hartford  Railway.  It  may  be  reached  from  Nantasket  by 
carriage  drive  over  the  beautiful  Jerusalem  Road,  above  alluded  to. 
It  has  a  noble,  rocky  sea  front,  and  is  one  of  the  most  picturesque  and 
romantic  spots  along  the  South  Shore.  A  large  theatrical  colony 
have  their  summer  homes  here.  Off  shore  is  the  famous  Minot’s 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE  RESORTS. 


185 


Light,  a  tall  tower  of  masonry,  rising  from  out  the  ocean  and  warn¬ 
ing  navigators  of  the  treacherous  Cohasset  rocks. 

Hotels. —  Beals  House —  Special  rates. 

Bates  House — $3. 

Cohasset  Hotel  —  $2. 

Scituate  is  a  little  town  of  less  than  3,000  inhabitants,  on  the 
New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  Railway.  Like  other  places 
along  the  shore,  it  has  picturesque  bluffs  and  beaches,  with  pleasing 
views  over  the  bay  and  across  the  little  harbor  of  the  port.  Near 
Greenbush  is  the  estate  of  a  Mr.  Worthy,  the  original  of  the  ‘Old 
Oaken  Bucket”  place.  Samuel  Woodworth,  the  poet,  lived  here 
with  his  stepfather,  Mr.  Northey,  great-grandfather  of  the  present 
owner.  In  1817  he  wrote  the  well-known  poem,  and  the  well  still 
gives  forth  cold  and  sparkling  water. 

Hotels. —  The  Cliff— % 2.50. 

Mitchell  House  —  $1.50. 

Marshfield,  the  home  of  Daniel  Webster,  is  a  quiet  seaside  place 
where  fishing,  yachting,  and  shooting  can  be  enjoyed  to-day  as  well 
as  when  the  great  statesman  here  found  relief  from  public  cares  and 
worries.  Of  him  everything  speaks.  Hotels  bear  his  name  or  boast 
that  he  once  made  them  his  resting-place;  and  of  these,  possibly,  the 
best  known  is  the  Brant  Rock  House ,  where,  in  the  fall,  hundreds  of 
wild  fowl  may  be  shot  from  the  very  windows.  The  hotel  is  directly 
on  the  beach,  within  a  few  feet  of  the  high-tide  line,  and  in  front  of 
it  lies  the  famous  rock. 

Hotels. —  Brant  Rock  House — $2. 

Churchill  House — $2. 

Duxbury  is  a  picturesque  and  delightful  old  Puritan  town,  where 
the  Anglo-American  Cable  Company  has  its  station.  This  was  orig¬ 
inally  the  French  Atlantic  Telegraph  Company.  Near  the  summer 
resort  of  South  Duxbury  rises  the  sightly  Captain  s  Hill ,  crowned  by 
a  lofty  round  stone  tower,  erected  as  a  memorial  of  Miles  Standish, 
the  military  leader  of  the  Pilgrim  Colony,  who  lived  at  the  base  of  the 
hill.  This  was  also  the  home  of  John  Alden,  the  hero  of  Longfellow’s 
beautiful  poem ;  Elder  William  Brewster,  and  other  historical  worthies. 

Hotels. —  Brunswick  House — $2. 

Powder  Point  House — Special  rates. 

Miles  Standish  House — $3. 


186 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


Plymouth,  the  resting-place  of  the  Pilgrims,  is  often  called  the 
Mecca  of  the  United  States.  It  is  a  quiet  little  town  of  9,000  inhab¬ 
itants,  with  charming  views  across  its  broad  and  shallow  harbor  and 
out  over  the  broad  Atlantic.  Back  of  it  are  leagues  of  lake-strewn 
forest,  “The  Adirondacks  of  Massachusetts,”  where  herds  of  deer 
still  linger.  Plymouth  would  be  a  most  desirable  summer  resort  if 
there  were  no  historic  associations  to  supplement  her  superb  natural 
attractions.  As  it  is,  however,  the  first-named  qualifications  are 
those,  mainly,  that  are  widely  known,  and  thousands  of  visitors  to  her 
scenes  yearly  discover  that  in  her  woods  and  shores,  her  hills,  roads, 
and  magnificent  rural  situations,  and  in  her  glorious  blending  of  land 
and  ocean  scenery,  to  say  nothing  of  the  salubrity  of  her  climate,  she 
is  entitled  to  claim  recognition  as  one  of  the  finest  watering-places  in 
the  country.  For  the  benefit  of  those  persons  who  think  only  of 
“Plymouth  Rock,”  the  “  Mayflower,”  and  other  historic  matters, 
when  visiting  this  famed  town,  the  following  information  is  pre 
sented:  The  idea  of  building  a  monument  to  the  memory  of  the  Pil¬ 
grim  Fathers  was  early  entertained  in  Plymouth,  and  became  the 
definite  object  of  the  Pilgrim  Society  upon  its  organization,  and, 
through  the  efforts  of  this  society,  the  National  Monument  to  the  Pil¬ 
grims  was  erected  in  1889.  The  monument  grounds  are  on  Cushman 
Street,  and  from  them  fine  views  of  the  harbor,  bay,  and  roadsteads 
are  to  be  had;  of  the  “  Cowyard,”  where  the  “Mayflower”  lay  at 
anchor  ;  of  Clark’s  Island,  upon  which  the  Pilgrims  passed  their  first 
Sunday  ;  of  the  Miles  Standish  Monument,  surmounting  Captain’s 
Hill,  in  Duxbury,  and  of  much  fine  scenery,  if  the  weather  be 
favorable. 

The  total  height  of  the  monument  is  81  feet  from  the  ground  to  the 
top  of  the  head  of  the  statue.  Following  are  some  of  the  dimensions 
or  this  work,  said  to  be  the  largest  and  finest  piece  of  granite  statuary 
in  the  world  :  Height  of  the  base,  45  feet  ;•  height  of  statue,  36  feet. 
The  outstretched  arm  measures,  from  shoulder  to  elbow,  10  feet  1  yz 
inches  ;  from  elbow  to  tip  of  finger,  9  feet  9  inches  ;  total  length  of 
arm,  19  feet  \o]/2  inches.  The  head  measures  around  at  the  forehead 
13  feet  7  inches.  The  points  of  the  star  in  the  wreath  around  the 
head  are  just  1  foot  across.  The  arm,  just  below  the  short  sleeve, 
measures  6  feet  10  inches  around  ;  below  the  elbow,  6  feet  2  inches. 
The  wrist  is  4  feet  around.  The  length  of  the  finger  pointing  upward 
is  2  feet  1  inch,  and  is  1  foot  %y2  inches  around.  The  thumb 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE  RESORTS. 


187 


measures  i  foot  8)4  inches  around.  The  circumference  of  the  neck  is 
9  feet  2  inches,  and  the  nose  is  i  foot  4  inches  long.  From  center 
to  center  of  the  eyes  is  1  foot  6  inches.  The  figure  is  216  times  life- 
size. 

The  plan  of  the  principal  pedestal  is  octagonal,  with  four  small  and 
four  large  faces.  From  the  small  faces  project  four  buttresses,  or 
wing  pedestals.  On  the  main  pedestal  stands  the  figure  of  Faith, 
one  foot  resting  upon  Forefathers’  Rock,  the  left  hand  holding  a 
Bible;  the  right,  uplifted,  pointing  to  heaven.  On  each  of  the  four 
smaller,  or  wing,  pedestals  is  a  seated  figure.  They  are  emblematic 
of  the  principles  upon  which  the  Pilgrims  proposed  to  found  their 
Commonwealth.  The  first  is  Morality,  holding  the  Decalogue  in  her 
left  and  the  scroll  of  Revelation  in  her  right  hand.  Her  look  is 
upward  toward  the  impersonation  of  the  Spirit  of  Religion  above.  In 
a  niche,  on  one  side  of  her  throne,  is  a  prophet,  and  in  the  other  one 
of  the  Evangelists.  The  second  of  these  figures  is  Law  :  on  one  side 
Justice,  on  the  other  Mercy.  The  third  is  Education  :  on  one  side 
Wisdom,  ripe  with  years;  on  the  other  Youth,  led  by  Experience. 
The  fourth  figure  is  Freedom  :  on  one  side  Peace  rests  under  its  pro¬ 
tection  ;  on  the  other  Tyranny  is  overthrown  by  its  powers.  Upon 
the  faces  of  these  projecting  pedestals  are  alto-reliefs,  representing 
scenes  from  the  history  of  the  Pilgrims  —  the  Departure  from  Delft 
Haven,  the  Signing  of  the  Social  Compact,  the  Landing  at  Plymouth, 
and  the  First  Treaty  with  the  Indians. 

Returning  from  the  monument  grounds  to  Court  Street  (the 
main  street),  and  passing  the  head  of  Old  Colony  Park,  the  first 
interesting  point  of  visitation  is  Pilgrim  Hall,  on  the  same  side  of 
the  street  with  the  park,  and  distant  from  it  about  thirty  or  forty 
rods.  Within  this  hall  will  be  found  a  museum  of  Pilgrim  me¬ 
morials  and  curiosities. 

A  short  distance  from  Pilgrim  Hall,  still  keeping  upon  Court 
Street,  the  court  house  occupies  a  commanding  site  on  the 
right,  a  pretty  lawn  in  front.  In  this  building  are  to  be  found 
many  valuable  and  curious  documents,  including  the  Patent  Docu¬ 
ments  and  Records  of  the  Colony,  the  will  of  Miles  Standish,  etc. 
These  will  be  shown  upon  application  to  the  Registry  of  Deeds. 

The  court  house  is  situated  at  the  base  of  Burial  Hill,  on  the 
north;  but,  to  visit  this  famous  spot,  it  is  better  to  return  to 
Court  Street  and  continue  the  walk  southward.  At  the  head  of 


188 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  BOSTON. 


North  Street,  the  name  of  the  main  thoroughfare  changes  from 
Court  to  Main  Street,  and  the  course  is  directly  through  the  busi¬ 
ness  section  of  the  town.  Main  Street  soon  abuts  upon  Leyden 
Street,  the  first  street  laid  out  by  the  Pilgrims,  and  abounding 
in  their  memorials  to  this  day.  Arrived  at  Leyden  Street,  on  the 
right,  looking  westward,  is  Town  Square,  and  beyond  the  square 
the  gravestones  of  Burial  Hill  are  in  full  view. 

On  the  left,  or  eastward,  the  street  runs  directly  to  the  water 
front,  a  side  street  at  the  brow  of  the  hill,  opposite  the  first  house , 
winding  northerly  to  Cole’s  Hill,  which  overlooks  the  Rock  and 
its  canopy. 

From  Burial  Hill  a  series  of  the  finest  outlooks  imaginable 
are  afforded,  including  scenes  and  localities  of  greater  or  less 
historic  importance;  and  all  the  immediate  neighborhoods  are 
centers  of  historic  associations.  Here  is  the  site  of  the  ancient 
fort,  which  served  as  a  meeting-house,  and  toward  which  the 
Pilgrims  wended  their  way  with  muskets  upon  shoulder  or  swords 
in  place.  The  graves  of  Pilgrims  are  in  every  part  of  this 
elevated  burying  ground.  Looking  outward  over  the  ocean 
waters,  the  course  of  the  “  Mayflower,”  her  anchorage,  Clark’s 
Island,  the  Gurnet,  and  all  the  harbor  and  bay  situations  con¬ 
nected  with  Pilgrim  adventures  are  in  full  view.  Landward  some 
notable  localities  of  Council  Fires  and  Indian  Feasts  are  to  be 
seen.  From  Burial  Hill  standpoints  the  town  lies  literally  under 
one’s  feet. 

Main  Street  has  three  streets  abutting  upon  and  running  at  right 
angles  with  it  —  North  Street,  Middle  Street,  and  Leyden  Street; 
and  each  of  these  leads  directly  to  Cole’s  Hill  and  the  water  front, 
overlooking  the  Rock  and  the  shore  line.  Cole’s  Hill  was  the  place 
of  burial  of  many  of  the  Pilgrims  who  died  during  the  first  winter, 
their  graves  having  been  carefully  concealed,  so  that  the  Indians 
might  not  know  of  them.  Here  were  buried,  also,  many  Indians. 
The  Rock  and  the  original  Landing  Place  are  at  the  base  of  this 
steep  hill,  and  a  few  steps  brings  the  visitor  from  its  brow  to  the 
canopy  over  the  Rock.  In  the  War  of  the  Revolution,  and  in  that 
which  followed  from  1812  to  1815,  fortifications  were  maintained  upon 
this  hill. 

As  the  distances  oceanward  are  somewhat  deceptive  to  unpracticed 
eyes,  it  may  be  here  noted  that  from  the  wate~  front  opposite  the 


BOSTON  HARBOR  AND  SEASIDE  RESORTS. 


189 


canopy  of  the  Rock,  the  distance  to  Gurnet  Light  is  within  a  small 
fraction  of  five  miles.  The  length  of  Plymouth  Beach,  which  forms 
the  outer  protection  of  the  harbor,  from  the  Manomet  Hills  to  the 
extreme  point  of  the  beach,  is  a  little  more  than  three  and  a  half 
miles.  The  beach,  from  head  to  point,  is  two  and  five-eighths  miles 
in  length.  When  the  Pilgrims  landed,  this  beach  was  largely  covered 
with  forest  growth,  in  which  deer  and  other  animals  common  to  the 
Plymouth  woods  to  this  day  roamed. 

A  ride  on  the  electric  railroad,  which  pursues  the  line  of  the  water 
from  Kingston  to  beyond  Hotel  Pilgrim,  near  the  base  of  the  Mano¬ 
met  Hills,  will  make  available  a  constant  succession  of  harbor  and 
bay  views,  from  constantly  changing  standpoints,  and  is  one  of  the 
best  experiences  possible  to  the  visitor  to  the  Plymouth  locality.  Ii 
this  ride  is  supplemented  by  a  drive  to  some  more  inland  point  or 
points  within  a  short  distance  of  the  shores,  the  delights  of  the 
Plymouth  trip  will  be  indefinitely  multiplied.  A  visit  in  this  way  to 
Morton  Park,  one  of  the  finest  provisions  of  its  kind;  Billington  Sea, 
South  Ponds,  or  the  White  Horse  neighborhoods,  or  in  almost  any 
direction  along  or  away  from  the  water  front,  will  richly  repay  the 
trouble  and  expense  in  making  it,  and  afford  the  visitor  an  apprecia¬ 
tion  of  the  natural  beauties  and  resources  of  this  ancient  town. 

The  Plymouth  Steamboat  makes  one  round  trip  daily  from 
Rowe’s  Wharf,  passing  the  forts  and  islands  mentioned  elewheres 
in  this  chapter.  Outside  of  Boston  Light,  it  turns  to  the  southward, 
down  the  Old  Colony  Coast,  passing  Nantasket  Beach,  Minot’s  Ledge 
Lighthouse,  Cohasset,  Scituate,  Marshfield,  and  Duxbury. 

Plymouth  is  also  reached  by  the  Plymouth  division  of  the  New 
York,  New  Haven  &  Hartford  Railway. 

Hotels. — Hotel  Pilgrim — $2.50  to  $3. 

Samoset  House — $2.50  to  $3. 

Plymouth  Rock — $2. 


Park  Avenue  Hotel 

Park  (4th)  Ave.,  32d  &  33d  Sts.,  New  York 


ABSOLUTELY  FIREPROOF 


EUROPEAN 

PLAN 

$1.50  to  $5.00 

per  day 
and  upwards 

Accessible  to  all  railroads, 
ferries,  theaters,  aod  depart¬ 
ment  stores. 

Two  minutes  from  Grand 
Central  Station,  and  ten  min¬ 
utes  from  Pennsylvania  Ferry, 
Twenty-third  Street.  Thirty- 
third  Street  and  Fourth  Avenue 
Subway  Terminal  directly  in 
front  of  the  door. 


FRED  A.  REE  D,  Proprietor 


GOING  TO  PHILADELPHIA? 


Stop  at 

NEW  HOTEL 
HANOVER 

12th  and  Arch  Streets 

European  Plan 
$1.00  per  Day  and  up 

One  block  from  Philadelphia  & 
Reading  R.R.  Station 

Three  minutes  from  Penn.  R.R. 


W.  C.  Richardson,  Prop. 


INDEX 


PAGE 


PAGE 


ADAMS,  Statue  of  Samuel .  158 

American  Academy  of  Arts 

and  Sciences .  150 

Ames  Building . 158 

Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 

Company  _. .  153 

Annexed  Districts . . .  36 

Apartment  Houses .  28 

Apollo  Club. . 95 

Apple  Island .  176 

Arnold  Arboretum .  65 

Art  Club,  The  Boston .  146 

Associated  Charities .  144 

Athletics. . 97 

Austin  &  Stone’s  Museum .  90 

BAGGAGE  Transfers  and  De¬ 
livery .  13 

Barnum  Museum .  92 

Base  Ball. . 98 

Bass  Point . 179 

Beacon  Hill. .  163 

Beverly .  191 

Beverly  Farms . .  181 

Boarding  and  Lodging  Houses...  29 

Boston  Athenaeum . ---92, 123 

Boston  Athletic  Association . .  _  97 

Boston  City  Hospital .  142 

Boston  College . 104 

Boston  Light .  177 

Boston  Medical  Library  Associa¬ 
tion. . 124 

Boston  Natural  History  Museum.  92 

Boston  Normal  School .  102 

Boston  Public  Library . .  116 

Boston  Symphony  Orchestra .  96 

Boston  Theater .  86 

Boston  University .  103 

Botanical  Garden .  92 

Bowdoin  Square  Theater .  86 

Boylston  Club . 96 

Boys’  Latin  and  English  High 

School . 99 

Brewster’s  Island . 177 

Brighton  District . 43 

Brookline . 44 

Bug  Light. .  177 

Bunker  Hill . 171 

Bunker  Hill  Monument .  40 

Bunker  Hill  Museum .  92 


Burying  Ground,  Old .  80 

Bussey  Institution.. . .  109 


pAMBRIDGE 

C  r.flrnpv  T-T  n.< 


. 45>  U0 

Carney  Hospital .  143 

Castle  Island . . . . 68, 173 

Castle  Square  Theater .  86 

Cecilia  Society .  196 

Cemeteries . 50 

Central  Burying  Ground _  84 

Central  District .  32 

Chamber  of  Commerce .  158 

Charities  and  Hospitals . .  141 

Charities,  Associated .  144 

Charities,  Private . 144 

Charlesbank,  The. .  62 

Charlestown  District . . 39,  171 

Chauncy  Hall  School .  104 

Chestnut  Hill  Reservoir .  43 

Christchurch. . 78 

Churches,  Protestant . 129 

Churches,  Roman  Catholic _  136 

City  Hall . . 161 

Clubs,  Societies,  and  Military 

Organizations .  145 

Cohasset . 184 

Columbia  Theater . 87 

Common,  The . 54 

Commonwealth  Avenue .  168 

Concord .  49 

Congregational  Library .  95 

Copley  Square. . 168 

Copps  Hill  Burying  Ground .  81 

Corinthian  Yacht  Club . .  18 1 

Country  Club .  45 

Court  House,  The  County _  162 

Custom  House .  156 


DEER  Island _  175 

Dorchester  District . .  39 

Downer  Landing  . . 182 

Duxbury . 185 


Tp  ASTERN  Point . . .  182 

^  Eastern  Yacht  Club . .  181 

Educational  Institutions . 99 

Elevated  System . 15 

Elks,  The  Benevolent  and  Protect¬ 
ive  Order  of . 151 

Ericsson,  Statue  of  Leif .  170 


(191) 


192 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

F  TS1! . »?> 

Ferries. .  _ _ _ ;;;;; ;;;;;; 

Fine  Arts,  Museum  of . 

Forest  Hills  Cemetery  ' 

Fort  Independence. . 170 

Fort  Warren . . . ^  ’  N 

FortWinthrop . '  j7i 

Franklin  Park . ”  ... ~ "  6- 

Franklin,  Statue  of  Benjamin _  i6i 

Free  Masonry . . . li;i 

Furnished  Rooms . 


18 

170 

152 


QARRISON,  Statue  of  William 

General  Theological  Library..”" 

George’s  Island .  ’  ’ 

Girls’  Latin  and  High"  School ...” 

Gloucester . . 

Glover,  Statue  of  Gen.  John  I . 

Government  Building.. . 

Governor’s  Island. . 

Grand  Museum . . 

Grand  Opera  House . 

Great  Brewster  Island . 

Greater  Boston . 

Gallop’s  Island . ”””””” 

TLTACKS  and  Cabs _ _ 

Handel  and  Haydn  Society 

Harbor,  The. _ _ _ 

Harvard  Bridge . . .  ” 

Harvard  Dental  School  ” 

Harvard  Medical  School ... 

Harvard  Musical  Association . 

Harvard  University . __ 

Hemenway  Building . 

Hingham _ .””... 

Historic  Genealogical  Collection" 

Hollis  Street  Theater _ _ 

Horace  Mann  School  "for"  Deaf 

Mutes . . 

Horticultural  Hail"””.’"”’ ’ . 

Hospitals . . 

Hotels . . 

Howard  Athenaeum" 

Huii _ _ ;;;;; . . 

Huntington  Hall 


no 


29 


168 

124 

175 
101 
182 
168 
155 
173 

87 

87 

177 

44 

176 


T4 

96 
172 
170 
1 10 
,  170 
96 
104 
162 
183 

y  3 

87 

T02 

89 

141 

21 

87 

183 

87 


TACOB  Sleeper  Hall. .. .  X6~ 

J  Jamaica  Park _ _ 65 


TT^EITH’S  New  Theater . . 

^  King’s  Chapel . . 

King’s  Chapel  Burying  Ground 
Knno  Grotto  Museum  and  Gar¬ 
dens . 


80 

77 

80 


93 


T  ECTURES.... . 

^  Leverett  Park  A 

Libraries..  . . 

Long  Island.  .'.'.".  It* 

. 174 


PAGE 

Lovell’s  Island .  I?6 

Lyceum  Theater  g 

L>’nn- . . I799 

MAGNOLIA .  l8l 

Mann,  Statue  of  Horace””] .  At 

Marblehead.. .  A 

Marblehead  Neck  .  Tg0 

Marine  Park,  The . ”_" .  as 

Marshfield . ’  xg. 

Masonic  Temple . 1 . 

Massachusetts  Charitable  Me’cha’n-  * 

ic  Association . . .  x  rQ 

Massachusetts  College  of  Phar-  ° 

maev -  II2 

Massachusetts  General  Hospital  141 

Massachusetts  Historical  Museum  q? 
Massachusetts  Historical  Society  1^0 

Massachusetts  Historical  Society 

Library . .  I2 

Massachusetts  Homoeopathic  Hos~- 

pital . . . 

Massachusetts  Institute  of  Techl 

Mechanics’  Hall . * . IIC”  *£ 

Medford _ . . 

Metropolitan  Boston _ 

Military  Organizations  T-, 

Milk  Street . . .  ]5 

Moon  Island . .  . 

Mount  Auburn  Cemetery  I  lo 

Museums  and  Collections  q2 

Museum  (Agassiz)  of  Compara¬ 
tive  Zoology .  q-. 

Museum  of  Fine  Arts...  . 'j2e  Go 

Music  and  Musical  Societies  ’  Q  = 
Music  Hall . 

-------------  ^  y 

NAHANT  .  I7B 

Nantasket  Beach .  xg4 

Natural  History  Museum  Library  124 

Navy  Yard. . . .  J 

New  England  Conservator^  "of 

Music . . .  '  II2 

New  England  Historic  Genealog"- 

ical  Society . 124,150 

Newspaper  Row. .  ^ 

Newton . .  .  .a 

Nix’s  Mate . .  * 

Normal  Art  School _ ’’  XC% 

North  End . . . 

North  Shore,  The . 

QDD  Fellows . I5I 

w  Old  Corner  Book”Store”The”  77 
Old  Granarv  Burying  Ground  8r 
Old  South  Meeting  House,  The  "  76 

Old  South  Museum,  The  7QA 

oid  state  House.... . %* 

Old  State  House  Collection  Q4. 

Orpheus  Musical  Society .  gl 


INDEX, 


193 


PAGE 


pALACE  Theater .  90 

T  Parks  and  Squares .  54 

Park  Square  Station .  10 

Park  Theater  . . 90 

Peabody  Museum  of  American 

Archaeology  and  Ethnology...  94 

Pemberton  Square _ _ 162 

Perkins  Institution  and  Massa¬ 
chusetts  School  for  the  Blind.  113 

Plymouth . . 186 

Plymouth  Rock  . 186 

Pride’s  Crossing . .  181 

Protestant  Churches . . . 129 

Protestant  Episcopal  Theological 

School . . .  1 13 

Public  Garden . .  59 

Public  Library . 168 

Public  Park  System,  The  New....  61 


PAGE 

South  Boston . 37 

South  Duxbury . 185 

South  End . . .  36 

South  Shore  . . 182 

Spectacle  Island . . .  176 

Sports,  Field . 97 

State  House... .  163 

State  House  Collection . .  95 

State  Library  of  Massachusetts...  126 

State  Street . . 159 

Steamers,  Coastwise  and  River...  12 

Steamers,  Sound . . 10 

Steamships,  Trans- Atlantic .  12 

Stock  Exchange . 159 

Street  Car  Routes _ 17 

Street  Car  Transfers .  19 

Subway,  The . 32 

Sunday  in  Boston . 128 

Swampscott. .  179 


QUINCY  Market,  The . .  94 

Quincy,  Statue  of  Josiah .  161 

-RAILWAY  Stations .  7 

Rainsford’s  Island .  176 

Rapid  Transit  Service .  14 

Religious  Organizations .  139 

Restaurants .  27 

Revere  Beach .  178 

Roman  Catholic  Churches .  136 

Roxbury  District,  The .  138 

.  John’s  Boston  Ecclesiastical 

Seminary . 114 

Salem . . 46 

Salem  Willows  . 181 

School  Street .  161 

School  of  Veterinary  Medicine  ...  no 

Schools,  Private .  114 

Schools,  Public .  99 

Scituate .  144 

Scollay  Square .  162 

Sears  Building .  159 

Seaside  Resorts . 177 

Secret  Orders . 151 

Social  Law  Library . .  126 

Societies,  Scientific  and  Learned  .  150 

Societies  for  Social  Improvement  140 

Society  of  Decorative  Art .  146 

Soldiers’  Monument,  Charlestown  171 
Somerville .  46 


^UHEATERS  and  other  Amuse- 

-L  ments. .  85 

Thomas  Park . 37 

Thompson’s  Island . 174 

Tremont  Temple  . . 92 

Tremont  Theater . .  90 

Turnhalle,  The . 90 

TTNION  STATION  (Northern)..  10 
^  Union  Station  (Southern) _  8 

W  BARREN  Museum  of  Natural 

**  History .  95 

Washington  Street .  154 

Washington  Street  Tunnel .  r.s 

Webster,  Statue  of .  163 

Wellesley  College .  114 

West  End,  The .  35 

West  Manchester .  181 

West  Roxbury  District,  The.. ..  43 

Winthrop .  178 

Winthrop,  Statue  of  John .  162 

Women’s  Educational  and  In¬ 
dustrial  Union .  141 

YJOUNG  Men’s  Christian  Asso- 

-*•  ciation _ 140 

Young  Men’s  Christian  Union _  140 

Young  Men’s  Hebrew  Association  140 
Young  Women’s  Christian  Asso¬ 
ciation . 140 


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TROLLEY  MAP  OF  MASSACHUSETTS 


UBRAW 

of  ■"*  „„ 

UNIVERSITY  Of  WJNOS 


I 


Hotel  Rennert 


B 


BALTIMORE, 


European  Plan 


Md. 


Fire  Proof 


Situ  a 


=====  300  Rooms 

ted  in  the  Heart  of  the  City 

Maryland  Cooking  at  its  Perfection 

JAMES  P.  A.  O’CONOR,  Manager 


HOTELS 

Call  or  write  Rand  McNally  &  Co.,  40-42  East  22nd  St., 
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rates  on  any  of  the  following  hotels: 


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Devonport  Inn 

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Chalfonte 
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Haddon  Hall 
Phillips  House 

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Rennert 

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Boston  Tavern 
United  States 

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Antler 

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Roanoke 


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Albert 

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Park  Avenue 
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Windsor 

Richmond,  Va. 

Jefferson 

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Ardmore 

Driscoll 

Fredonia 

Gordon 

Hamilton 

Lincoln 

National 

New  Varnum 

Normandie 

Richmond 

Riggs  House 


Absolutely  Fireproof 
Newly  furnished 
throughout 


BOSTON  TAVERN 

347  Washington  Street 

A.  E.  HURLBURT,  Mgr. 


In  the  heart  of  the 
business  district 
Long  distance  phone 
in  every  room 


HANDY  GUIDES 

.  .  TO  .  . 

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Philadelphia  Washington 

Hudson  River  and  Catskill  Mountains 

This  new  Series  of  Guides  gives  in  volumes  of 
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"The  Land  of  Sunshine  and 
Briny  Breezes” 


Why  stay  in  that  blustery  and  cold  climate  and  suffer  with  catarrh  and  colds  when  you  can 
come  to  the  Hotel  Warwick  and  be  comfortable?  Our  latch  string  is  out.  Write  for  terms. 

L.  B.  MANVILLE,  Manager 


Delightfully  Located  on  the  Banks  of  James  River  and  Overlooking 

Hampton  Roads 

HOTEL  WARWICK 

NEWPORT  NEWS 


gain  the  timely  Inn, 


99 


says  Shakespeare 


66 


AND  WE  THINK  THE 

HOTEL  BELMONT 

NEW  YORK 
DESERVES  THIS  TITLE 


TIMELY”  it  is— at  the  very 
doors  of  the  Grand  Centra^ 
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lines  right  at  hand  and  a  private 
passage  to  subway  station  for  both 
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And  “timely”  it  is— in  that  it 
furnishes  the  wealth  of  conveniences 
—  the  completeness  of  service— the 
satisfying  environment  which 
modern  hotelcraft  aims  to  attain. 

We  would  welcome  you  here  and 
try  to  make  you  look  upon  this  hotel 
as  your  New  York  home. 


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carry  no  fire  insur* 
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CABLE  ADDRESS,  MONTBEL,  N.  Y. 


FORTY-SECOND  ST.  AND  PARK  AVE. 


(OPPOSITE  GRAND  CENTRAL  STATION) 

NEW  YORK,  U.  S.  A. 


B.  L.  M.  BATES,  Managing  Director 


RAND,  McNALLY  &  CO.’S 


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HOTEL  BRISTOL 

122-124  West  49th  St.,  New  York 

Near  Broadway 


QUIET— REFINED— CENTRAL 


Convenient  to  shops,  theatres  and  all  modes  of  trans¬ 
portation.  Midway  between  Central  Park  and  the 
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whether  on  business  or  pleasure 

Rooms  with  running  water  $1.00  per  day  and  up 
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T.  E.  TOLSON 


ooo 


Two  blocks  from  Subway  Express  Station 


Broadway 
at  94th  Street 

ROOMS  WITH 
PRIVATE  BATH 
S2.C0  PER  DAY 


Suites  $3.00 
j  55.00  per 

day 

Monthly 

Rates 

Restaurant 
a  la  Carte 


Write  for 
Booklet 


MODERN 

FIREPROOF 

ooo 


HOTEL 

BONTA 


HOTEL  MARLBOROUGH 


4 


Broadway, 
36th  and  37th  Sts. 
Herald  Square 
New  York 


0  Most  centrally  located  hotel  on  Broadway 

0  Four  beautiful  dining  rooms 

0The  famous  Rathskeller  has  been  greatly 
improved 

0  Vocal  and  instrumental  music  every  evening 
0  European  plan.  0400  rooms,  200  baths 


SCHEDULE  OF  RATES 


90  rooms,  privilege  of  bath .  $1.00 

80  rooms,  with  bath .  1.50 

60  rooms,  with  bath .  2.00 

50  rooms,  with  bath .  2.50 

45  suites — parlor,  bed  room  and  bath .  3.00 

For  extra  person  in  room .  1.00 


Write  for  booklet 


SWEENEY-TIERNEY  HOTEL  COMPANY 

E.  M.  TIERNEY,  Managing  Director 


J 


m - '  - -•••j 

Hotel  Cumberland  ' 

NEW  YORK 

S.  W.  Cor.  Broadway  at  54th  Street 

Near  50th  St.  Subway  Station,  53d  St.  Elevated, 

and  all  Surface  Lines 

•  i 

Only  N.  Y.  Hotel  with  Window  Screens  Throughout 


Jr  ^  h  fd  ^ 

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Near  Theatres,  Shops 
and  Central  Park 

“Broadway”  Car  from  Grand  Central 
Depot  Passes  Door 

NEW  AND  FIREPROOF 
Strictly  First-Class 

RATES  REASONABLE 

All  Hardwood  Floors  and 
Oriental  Rugs 
European  Plan 


Excellent  Restaurant  Prices  Moderate 


Transient  Rates,  $2.50  with  Bath  and  Up 

Special  Rates  for  Permanent  Guests 


TEN  MINUTES'  WALK  TO  20  THEATRES 

Send  for  Booklet 

HARRY  P.  STIMSON,  Formerly  with  Hotel  Imperial 
R.  J.  BINGHAM,  Formerly  with  Hotel  Netherland 

. ■  #• 


4 


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THOS.  BARBER,  Traveling  Passenger  Agt.,  Boston,  Mass. 

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Boston,  Mass.  Providence,  R.  I. 

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GENERAL  OFFICES,  BALTIMORE,  MD. 


“FINEST  COASTWISE  TRIPS  IN  THE  WORLD” 


Boston  Guide 


Hotel  Hermitage 

Forty-Second  Street,  Broadway 
and  Seventh  Avenue 

IN  THE  HEART  OF  THE  METROPOLIS 


Opposite  Times  Square 
Subway  Station 


New  and  Absolutely 
Fireproof 


200  Outside  Rooms 
With  Bath 


Rates,  $1.50  Per  Day 
and  Up 


A  quiet,  luxurious  place  in  the 
midst  of  New  York’s  rush  and 
gayety,  is  what  The  Hermitage 
offers.  Handsomely  furnished 
throughout,  its  splendid  service, 
excellent  restaurant  and  grill 
room,  and  moderate  prices  make 
an  irresistible  combination  to 
people-who-know.  A  day’s  visit 
will  be  sufficient  to  make 
you  a  constant  patron  of 
The  Hermitage. 


Courteous  Attention  Assured  to  Ladies  Traveling  Alone 

Under  Management  of  Owners 

H.  R.  SHARES  THOMAS  M.  CARROL 

Send  for  Illustrated  Booklet 


THER’S 


Is  Not  Half  So  Soothing  to 

Baby  as 

IMrs. 

Winslow’s 
Soothing 
Syrup 

As  Millions  of  Mothers 

Will  Tell  You. 

It  Soothes  the  Child . 

It  Softens  the  Gums . 

It  Allays  all  Pain . 

It  Cures  Wind  Colic . 

It  is  the  Best  Remedy  for  Diarrhoea, 

It  is  absolutely  harmless  and  for  over  sixty  years  has 
proved  the  best  remedy  for  children  while  teething. 

BE  SURE  YOU  ASK  FOR 

Mrs.Winslow's  Soothing  Syrup 

AND  TAKE  NO  OTHER. 


HOTEL  EMPIRE 

Broadway  and  Sixty-Third  St.  New  York  City 


In  the  Very  Centre  of  Everything  Worth  While 

Restaurant  noted  for  its  excellent  cooking1,  efficient  service  and 

moderate  charges. 

t 

We  also  serve  combination  Breakfasts,  Table  d’hote  Luncheons, 

and  Dinners. 

Within  5  minutes  of  all  Theatres  and  Department  Stores.  All  surface  cars 

pass  or  transfer  to  door. 

Automatic  Lighting  Devices,  and  Telephones  in  every  room. 

Send  for  Guide  of  New  York — Free. 

Rooms,  with  Detached  Bath,  $1.50  per  day 
Rooms,  with  Private  Bath,  $2.00  per  day  up 
Suites,  with  Private  Bath,  $3.50  per  day  up 

Elevated  Railway  and  Subway  stations  one  minute’s  walk  from  our  door. 

W.  JOHNSON  QUINN 


=  WHEN  IN  NEW  YORK  STOP  AT  : - 

OHOTEL  O  EARLEO 

(TEMPERANCE  HOTEL) 

103-105  WAVERLY  PLACE 

One  Block  West  of  Fifth  Avenue  and  Washington  Arch 

The  location  is  of  the  very  best  in  the  City.  One  block  from  the  Sixth  Avenue 
Elevated,  Subway  and  Hudson  River  Tunnel;  and  is  in  the  center  of  the  Shopping 
and  Business  Districts  and  within  ten  minutes  ride  of  all  Steamship  Landings 
Ferries  and  Railway  Stations.  *  ’ 

200  ROOMS  AND  100  BATHS  AMERICAN  AND  EUROPEAN  PLAN 

Room  with  Private,  Bath, . $1.50  per  dav 

„  ‘  two,  -  -  -  2.50  “ 

with  Meals,  -  -  -  $3.00  '* 

for  two,  with  Meals,  5.00  “ 

DAVID  H.  KNOTT,  Proprietor 


gggp  ,  1 

% 

f  ’KkJ 

$0.  mm 

s 

Mason,  Fenwicl 
&  Lawrence 

PATENT  ANI 
TRADE-MARF 

LAWYERS 

602  F  Street,  N.  W., 

BOX  T. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

AND 

St.  Paul  Building, 

Established  49  Years  NEW  YORF 

52-page  book  on  patents  anc 
trade-marks,  containing  impor 
tant  law  points  for  inventors  anc 
manufacturers,  besides  illustra¬ 
tions  of  mechani  al  movements, 
sent  free  on  application. 


GENIUS  OF  INVENTION. 


r— 

NEW 
MODERN 


WASHINGTON,  D.  G. 

HOTEL  DRISCOLL 

Facing  the  U.  S.  Capitol  and  Grounds 


Faces  U.  S.  Capitol 
Near  Union  Station 
A  High-Class  Hotel 


Free  Baths  a  Feature  Electric  Light  and  Elevator 

Long  Distance  ’Phones  American  Plan  $2.50  up 
Near  Points  of  Interest  European  Plan  $1.00  up 


Handsome  Booklet  and  Map  of  Washington  Mailed  Upon  Request 


HOTEL  DRISCOLL 


First  and  B  Sts.,  N.  W. 


F.  P.  ORBELLO,  Manager 


The  FREDONIA  T™®  1321-1323  H  Street,  Northwest 

.  —  •  ■  -  family  hotel  .  .  WASHINGTON,  D.  C.  .  . 


o  o 

onvenient  to  all  lines 
I :  cars,  and  is  in  the 
idst  of  many  of  the 

i  ity’s  most  promi- 
p  :nt  points  ol  interest. 

f ;  is  conducted 

pon  both  the 

nerican  and  European 
Ians  and  has  a 

lisine  not  excelled 
y  any  hostelry  in 

.  the  city  .  . 


RATES 

American:  One  person, 
$2.00  per  day,  $12 
per  week,  $40  per 
month  and  up¬ 
ward.  Two  persons, 
$3.50  per  day,  $20 
per  week,  $75  per 
month  and  up¬ 
ward. 

European:  Rooms, 
one  person,  $1.00  per 
day  and  upward. 
Two  persons,  $1.50 
per  day  and  up¬ 
ward. 

SPECIAL  EXCURSION 
RATES  will  be 
quoted  to  parties 
of  t  wenty  or  more 
upon  application 
—  to  — 

Wm.  W.  Danenhower, 

Proprietor 


“THE  FREDONIA  HOTEL,  A  MODERN  HOTEL  HOME 


»» 


HOTEL  GORDON 


T»  A.  McKEE 

Proprietor 


Sixteenth  and  I  Streets  In  the  Select  Residential  WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 


THE  HOTEL  CORDON,  containing  150  rooms  and  50  private  baths,  is  situated  on  the  cor¬ 
ner  of  Sixteenth  and  I  streets,  and  is  considered  the  most  beautifully  located  hotel  in  Wash¬ 
ington.  It  is  within  two  minutes’  walk  of  the  White  House.  Treasury,  State.  War  and  Navy 
Departments,  is  surrounded  by  the  beautiful  homes  of  foreign  Ambassadors  and  American 
Statesmen,  and  is  easily  accessible  to  car  lines  for  all  parts  of  the  city.  The  building  is  a 
modern  six-story  structure,  and  among  the  many  conveniences  are  Long  Distance  Tele¬ 
phones  in  every  room,  Steam  Heat,  Billiard  Room  and  Barber  Shop.  Send  for  booklet. 
Closed  June,  to  September  15. 

Special  attention  shown  to  ladies  travelling  alone. 

European  Plan,  $1.50  Per  Day  and  Up.  American  Plan,  $3  Per  Day  and  Up 


THE  NATIONAL  HOTEL 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 


'  *-  1  -1  -*  1 


_ 

m 

;  :'v  ' 

Is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  centrally  located  hotels  in  the  Capital,  being  on  the  famous  Pennsylvan.a 
Avenue,  midway  between  the  Capitol  and  the  White  House.  All  the  street  car  lines  pass  its  doors,  giving 
quick  and  easy  access  to  all  parts  of  the  city.  The  house  has  just  been  overhauled  and  modernized.  It  has 
its  own  electric  lighting  and  refrigerating  plant,  new  elevators,  steam  heat,  telephones  in  every  room; 
and  is  up  to  date  in  every  particular.  It  was  built  when  hotels  were  constructed  for  comfort.  Its  rooms 
are  large,  airy  and  comfortable.  There  is  no  place  in  Washington  where  guests  can  get  as  much  for  the 
money  as  at  the  National.  Try  it. 

RATES:  American  Plan— Rooms  with  bath,  $3.50  and  $4.00  per  day. 
Rooms  without  bath,  $2.50  and  $3.00  per  day.  European  Plan— Rooms 
without  bath,  $1.00  to  $2.00  per  day.  Rooms  with  bath,  $2.00  to  $2.50 
°®r  daV  *  C.  F.  SCHUTT,  Manager. 


A  select  Family  and  Transient  Hotel  where  you  can  feel  at  home.  Choice  location 
opposite  Franklin  Park.  Convenient  to  all  public  buildings  and  points  of  interest.  Thor¬ 
oughly  comfortable.  American  plan.  Rates,  $2.50  per  day  and  up.  For  further  particulars. 
Booklet,  etc.,  address  IRVING  O.  BALL,  Proprietor. 


THE  NEW  VARNUM 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

NEW  JERSEY  AVENUE  and  C  STREET  S.  E.  E.  A.  BENNETT,  PROP. 


All  Outside  Rooms 
Fifty  Private  Baths 

Public  Bath  on 
Every  Floor 

Excellent  Table  and 
Cafe  Service 

Capacity,  One  Hun¬ 
dred  and  Fifty 

Highest  Elevation  in 
the  City 

One  Square  from 
United  States 
Capitol  and  Con¬ 
gressional  Library 

Five  Minutes  From 
the  New  Union 
Station 

Convenient  to  all 
Car  Lines 

American  Plan 

$2.50  and  up 

European  Plan 

$1 .50  and  up 

Most  Cheerful  and 
Homelike  Hotel  in 
Washington 

v 


NORMANDIE  HOTEL 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C.  Opposite  McPherson  Square 

Within  one  square  of  the  Treasury  and  White 
House,  contiguous  to  all  points  of  interest  and 
located  in  the  most  fashionable  part  of  Washington 

Rates:  European  Plan,  $1.50  per  day  and  up 
American  Plan,  $3.50  per  day  and  up 


P.  H.  S.  CAKE,  Manager 


American 
Plan  .  .  .  . 

$3.00 

per  day  .  . 

and . 

upwards  . 


opposite:  the  treasury 
ONE  BLOCK  FROM  THE -WHITE  HOUSE 

The  Hotel  par  excellence  of  the  National  Capital 


Electric  Cars  pass  the  door  to  all  parts  of  the  city. 
The  most  centrally  located  of  any  hotel  in  the  city. 


ALSO 

Thousand 
Island 
House 

ALEXANDRIA  BAX, 
N.  X. 

AMERICA'S  MOST  BEAUTIFUL  RESORT. 

Send  two  2-cent  stamps  for  beautiful  illustrated  guide,  to 

O.  G.  STAPLERS,  Proprietor  and  Owner. 


Choice 

Location 

All  Modern 
Conveniences 


Unsurpassed 

Cuisine 

Accommodates 
200  Guests 


Phillips  House 

Massachusetts  Ave.  and  Beach  ATLANTIC  CITY,  N. 


A  Strictly  First  Class  House  at  Reasonable  Rates 


F.  P.  PHILLIPS,  Proprietor 


If  Going  to  WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

Write  for  handsome  descriptive  booklet  and  map 


A  MODEL  HOTEL  CONDUCTED  FOR 
YOUR  COMFORT 


Hotel  Richmond 

17th  and  H  Sts.,  N.  W. 

Location  and  Size:  Around  the 
corner  from  the  White  House. 
Direct  street  car  route  to  palatial 
Union  station.  100  rooms.  50  baths. 

Plans,  Rates  and  Features: 

European,  $ l  50  per  day  upward; 
with  bath  $2.50  upward.  American, 
$3  00  per  day  upward;  with  bath 
$4  00  upward.  Club  breakfast  20  to 
75c.  Table  d  Hote,  breakfast  $1.00, 
luncheon  50c;  dinner  $i.oo.  Music. 

Clifford  M.  Lewis,  Prop. 


Summer  Season:  The  American 
Luzerne  in  the  Adirondack  foot 
hills.  Wayside  inn  and  cottages 
on  beautiful  Lake  Luzerne.  War¬ 
ren  County,  N.  Y.  Open  June  26th 
to  October  1st.  Booklet. 


CHALFONTE 


Is  a  modern  building  of  the  best  type,  located  on  the  Board  Walk  at 

ATLANTIC  CITY 
Your  patronage  is  solicited  by 
THE  LEEDS  COMPANY. 


HADDON  HALL 


ATLANTIC  CITY,  N.  J. 
Always  Open  On  the  Board  Walk 


Hot  and  cold  sea  water  in  all  baths.  Hot 
and  cold  running  water  in  many  rooms 


Leeds  6  Lippincott 

Write  for  booklet  and  rates 


The  VICTORIA  HOTEL 


ASBURY  PARK,  N.  J. 

An  Unobstructed  View  of  beach  and  bathing  grounds 

OPEN  ALL  THE  YEAR 

Reduced  rates  until  July  1st  and  after  September  1st 
Terms  and  further  particulars  sent  on  request 


DEVONPORT  INN 

ASBURY  PARK,  N.  3. 

DIRECTLY  ON  THE  BEACH 
CATERING  TO  HIGHEST  CLASS  TRADE 


HOTEL  GARDNER 

Cor.  Heck  St.  and  Sewall  Ave.  ASBURY  PARK,  N.  J. 

Near  beach.  Complete  descriptive  booklet  with 
terms  on  application.  Capacity  150 

H.  GARDNER,  Owner  and  Manager 


RAND,  McNALLY  <5  CO.'S 


Pictorial  Guide 
to  Washington 

25  Cents 


GREEN’S  HOTEL 

Corner  Eighth  and  Chestnut  Sts. 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 

FOR  LADIES  AND  GENTLEMEN  EUROPEAN  PLAN 


315  Rooms  at  $1.00  and  $1.50  per  Day  and  Upwards 

60  New  Rooms  with  Bath  Attached  at  $2.00  per  Day 

FINEST  RESTAURANT  IN  ALL  MODERN  CONVENIENCES 

PHILADELPHIA  TELEPHONE  IN  ROOMS 

Table  d’Hote  Dinner  50  cents,  from  1 2  m.  to  8  p.  m. 

MUSIC  BY  PROFESSOR  MEYER’S  ORCHESTRA 

Eighth  and  Chestnut  Street  Trolley  Cars  pass  the  Hotel  at  the 
Rate  of  Three  per  Minute  to  all  Paris  of  the  City 


This  hotel  is  centrally  located,  and  in  the  very  heart  of  the  city,  being  but 
one  square  from  the  Postoffice,  Strawbridge  &  Clothier’s,  Lit  Brothers,  and  op¬ 
posite  Gimbel  Brothers,  and  two  squares  from  the  historic  Independence  Hall. 
Easy  of  access  to  all  Theaters,  Railway  Stations,  Public  Buildings,  and  Points  of 
Interest. 

MAHLON  W.  NEWTON, 

Proprietor 


; 


HANDY  GUIDE  TO  THE 

Hudson  River  and 
Catskill  Mountains 


249  pages,  18  illustrations,  with  large  scale 
sectional  maps.  Price,  25  cents. 

RAND,  McNALLY  &  CO., 

New  York  and  Chicago. 


i 


THE  CHASM.  CATSKILL  CREEK 


STRANGERS  visiting  Boston  will  find 
the  finest  assortment  of 


a  Souixnirs  a 

AT  THE 

News  Stands  in  the  North  Station 

SOUVENIR  GUIDE,  BOOKS 

BOOKS  OF  VIEWS 

POSTCARDS,  ETC. 


LUNCH  AT  THE 

Restaurant  in  the  North  Station 

RECENTLY  REFURNISHED 

BEST  OF  FOOD  EXCELLENTLY  COOKED 
AND  PROMPTLY  SERVED 


THE  G.  W.  ARMSTRONG 
DINING  ROOM  4  NEWS  COMPANY 


PROPRIETORS 


MEET  ME  AT 


* 


OTCL  ANTLERS 


PITTSBURG 


Fifth  Avenue,  Opp.  Grand  Opera  House 
D.  Olmsted,  Managing  Proprietor 

Bath  on  Each  Floor  Free  to  Guests-50  Private  Baths 
Stationary  Wash  Stands,  Hot  and  Cold  Water 
Absolutely  Fire-proof.  Steam  Heat  and  Telephone  in  Every  Room 


EUROPEAN  PLAN 


Rooms  without  bath 


$1.00  and  $1.50 


Rooms  with  bath 


$1.50  to  $3.00 


Cafe  known  for  Excel¬ 
lent  Cooking 


MODERATE  PRICES 


Centrally  Located 


Cars  to  all  Points 


HOTELS 

Call  or  write  Rand  McNally  &  Co.,  40-42  East  22nd  St., 

New  York  City,  for  booklets  and  printed  matter  giving 

rates  on  any  of  the  following  hotels: 

Asbury  Park,  N.  J. 

New  York  City,  N.  Y. 

Devonport  Inn 

Albert 

Gardner 

Belmont 

Victoria 

Bristol 

Broadway  Central  Hotel 
Bonta 

Atlantic  City,  N.  J. 

Cumberland 

Chalfonte 

Earle 

Galen  Hall 

Empire 

Haddon  Hall 

Herald  Square 

Phillips  House 

Hermitage 

Marlborough 

Park  Avenue 

Baltimore,  Md. 

Rennert 

Raymond 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Boston,  Mass. 

Green’s 

Hanover 

Boston  Tavern 

United  States 

Windsor 

Richmond,  Va. 

Newport  News,  Va. 

Warwick 

Jefferson 

Washington,  D.  C. 

Norfolk,  Va. 

Ardmore 

Driscoll 

Lynnhaven 

Fredonia 

Gordon 

Pittsburg,  Pa. 

Hamilton 

Lincoln 

Antler 

National 

New  Varnum 

Roanoke,  Va. 

Normandie 

Richmond 

Roanoke 

Riggs  House 

FOR  SALE  ON  ALL  TRAINS 


JVEW  YORK  CITY  GUIDE 

Trice  25  cents 

RANT),  McNALLY  &  CO. 


CHICAGO 


NEW  YORK 


WINDSOR  HOTEL 


ON  FILBERT  €  REET 

Midway  between  Broad  St.  Station  ;  \eadin 


rminal 


Rnnms 


( 

N. 


np.r  dav  and  ud 


An  Excellent  Restaurant 
where  Good  Service  Com¬ 
bines  with  Low  Prices 


0  0  0 


American  Plan  $2.50  per  day  and  up 

The  only  MODERATE  PRICED  HOTEL  of  REPUTATION 

and  CONSEQUENCE  in 


PHILADELPHIA 

new  Hotel  albert 

—  N E w  YORK  CITY  —  -= 


Corner  University  and  11th  Sts. 
One  Block  West  of  Broadway 


EUROPEAN  PLAN 


The  only  absolutely 

fire-proof  hotel 
below  23d  Street 

All  modern  conveniences 


400  rooms  $1.00  per  day  up 

100  with  private  bath — 
$2.00  per  day  up 


'  New  York  City 


I 


Broadway  Central  Hotel 


NOS.  667  TO  677 

CORNER 
THIRD  STREET. 


Daniel  C.  Webb,  Prop. 

NEW  YORK 


MIDWAY 

BETWEEN  BATTERY  AND 
CENTRAL  PARK. 


Has  during  the  past  five  years  been  thoroughly  rebuilt  and  completely  reorganized  at 
an  expense  of  over  a  quarter  of  a  million  dollars,  and  is  perfect  in  detail  and  unsurpassed  in 
comfort  and  convenience.  Recommends  itself  for  its  thoroughly  careful  management,  its 
clean,  well-kept  rooms,  admirable  table  and  service,  and  reasonable  charges. 

LOCATION  ABSOLUTELY  UNEQUALED  FOR  BUSINESS,  SIGHT-SEEING,  AND  PLEASURE. 

All  the  New  Rapid  Transit  Electric  Lines  passing  the  doors,  run  the  entire  length  o? 
Broadway  from  the  Battery  to  Central  Park,  Grand  Central  R.  K.  Station,  Lenox  Avenue, 
Harlem  River,  High  Bridge,  and  Grant’s  Tomb,  passing  all  the  fashionable  stores,  theatres, 
and  principal  attractions  of  the  city. 

GRAND  CENTRAL  DEPOT  PASSENGERS  CAN  TAKE  SUBWAY  TRAINS  TO  BLEECKER  STREET, 

one  block  from  hotel,  or  Lexington  avenue  electric  cars  one  block  east  of  the  station, 
direct  to  or  from  the  hotel  to  42d  Street,  or  Fourth  Avenue  cars  direct  to  Astor  Place  or 
Bond  Street,  one  block  in  front. 

two  lines  of  elevated  railroads:  Sixth  Avenue  Station,  Bleecker  Street,  one 
block  Id  the  rear.  Third  Avenue  Station,  Houston  Street,  two  blocks  in  front. 

All  cross-town  cars  transfer  at  Broadway  with  the  electric  lines,  taking  guests  direct 
to  the  hotel.  i 

Passengers  arriving  by  any  of  the  ferries,  or  either  foreign  or  coastwise  steamers,  can  ' 
take  any  cross-town  car,  or  walk  to  Broadway  and  take  electric  cars  direct  to  the  hotel  or‘j 
via  the  Sixth  or  Third  Avenue  Elevated,  stopping  at  Bleecker  on  Sixth  Avenue,  and 
Houston  Street  Station  on  Third  Avenue  line,  three  minutes  from  hotel. 

The  Central  will  be  run  on  both  the  American  and  European  Plan. 

The  Regular  Tariff  of  Charges  for  each  person  will  be 

For  Room  only,  -  -  -  -  -  $1  00,  $1.50.  and  $2.00 

For  Room  and  Board,  -  •  -  $2.50,  $3.00,  and  $3.50 

For  Single  Meals,  -  --  --  --  -  75  cents 

Meals,  when  taken  with  rooms,  for  full  day,  50  cents  each 
,  Rooms  with  parlor  or  bath,  extra 

According  to  size,  location,  and  convenience,  and  whether  occupied  by  one  or  more  persons. 

SPECIAL  RATES  FOR  FAMILIES  OR  PERMANENT  QUESTS. 

FOR  FULL  PARTICULARS,  SEND  FOR  LARGE  COLORED  MAP 

FREE  AND  OTHER  INFORMATION  TO 
BROADWAY  CENTRAL 
HOTEL, 

NEW  YORK 


l 


HANDY  GUIDES 

rJ?  ■  It  ti 

TO  *V  *  V- 

New  YorR  City 

Boston 

Philadelphia 

Washington 
Hudson  River  and 
Catskill  Mountains 

This  new  series  of  Guides  gives  in 
Volumes  of  handy'*  size  the  inform • 
atton  generally  desired  by  travelers 
seeking  health,  pleasure,  or  business, 

PRICE  OF  EACH  GUIDE,  25  CENTS. 

hold  information  sed  printed  matter  lor  any  ot  the 
above  cities  sent  on  request. 


Rand,  McNally  4  Co. 


CHICAGO 


NEW  YORK 


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EXPLANATION 

Railways  _ 

Elevated  Railway 
Suftway  _ 

Car  Lines 


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Pieaiwtre 


BOSTON 


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Statute  ''files. 


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Comet>ry\  b-P 

->  Mootvole  /  7  'yoll 

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o  •»  imu  Pro 
■  X. 


Kilometres. 


1  M  E 


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Nk  MW  ford 


ENVIRONS  OF 

BOSTON. 


M>INt 


SCALE  OF  WILES. 


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IBTON  t 

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1  Wlathrop 


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Channel 


C»n\«t«r, 


Oufricy 


Tatrrii, 


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BUSINESS  PORTION  OP 

BOSTON. 


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UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS-URBANA 


3  0112  058012235 


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